,Chapter 1—The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
f f f f f f f f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. All are distinctive properties of living systems EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f
a. Living organisms are relatively simple. f f f f
b. Biological structures play a role in the organism's existence. f f f f f f f f
c. The living state is characterized by the flow of energy through the organism.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
d. Living organisms are highly organized. f f f f
e. Living organisms are actively engaged in energy transformation.
f f f f f f f
ANS: A PTS: 1f f f
2. Even though the building blocks have fairly simple structures, macromolecules are exquisitely
f f f f f f f f f f f
organized in their intricate three-dimensional architecture known as:
f f f f f f f f
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewis structure. f
e. structural maturation. f
ANS: B PTS: 1
f f f
3. All of the following activities require the presence of ATP or NADPH EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movement of muscles. f f
d. light emission. f
e. none, they are all energy-requiring activities.
f f f f f
ANS: E PTS: 1 f f f
4. Which are the four most common elements in the human body?
f f f f f f f f f f
a. hydrogen, calcium, oxygen and sodium f f f f
b. hydrogen, oxygen, iron and carbon f f f f
c. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen f f f f
d. oxygen, carbon, iron and nitrogen f f f f
e. oxygen, silicon, calcium and nitrogen f f f f
ANS: C PTS: 1f f f
5. What makes carbon such an abundant element in biomolecules?
f f f f f f f f
a. It can form up to five bonds by sharing its electrons.
f f f f f f f f f f
b. It forms only single bonds.
f f f f
c. It provides low bond energy.
f f f f
d. It forms stable covalent bonds by electron pair sharing.
f f f f f f f f
e. It does not usually bond to other carbons, allowing a more diverse combination of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
elements. f
ANS: D f PTS: f f 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 1
, 6. The major precursors for the formation of biomolecules include all EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f
a. nitrate and dinitrogen. f f
b. water.
c. carbon dioxide. f
d. ammonium ion. f
e. none, all are major precursors. f f f f
ANS: E fPTS: 1 f f
7. From the major precursors, the complex biomolecules are made in which sequence?
f f f f f f f f f f f
a. metabolites, building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
b. macromolecules, building blocks, metabolites, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
c. building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes, metabolites
f f f f f
d. metabolites, macromolecules, building blocks, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
e. metabolites, building blocks, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules f f f f f
ANS: A f PTS: 1 f f
8. The structural integrity of supramolecular complexes (assemblies) of multiple components are
f f f f f f f f f f
bonded to each other by all of the following forces EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f f
a. covalent bonds f
b. van der Waals forces f f f
c. hydrogen bonds f
d. hydrophobic interactions f
e. ionic interactions f
ANS: A PTS: 1
f f f
9. Organelles have what three attributes? f f f f
a. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f
b. Only in eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f
c. Only in eukaryotic cells, seldom membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
d. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, multi-functional.
f f f f f f
e. In both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
tasks.
f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
10. Membrane structures are maintained primarily by: f f f f f
a. hydrophobic interactions. f
b. covalent bonds. f
c. hydrogen bonds. f
d. non-spontaneous assembly. f
e. ionic interactions. f
ANS: A f PTS: 1 f f
11. All of the following are properties of membranes EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f
a. supramolecular assemblies. f
b. define boundaries of cellular components.
f f f f
c. spontaneous assemblies resulting from hydrophobic interactions. f f f f f
d. identical protein and lipid composition in the major organelles.
f f f f f f f f
e. none, all are true. f f f
ANS: D f PTS: f f 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 2
, 12. Which of the following properly ranks the non-covalent interactions in order of increasing strength?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. ionic, hydrogen bond, van der Waals f f f f f
b. van der Waals, hydrogen bond, ionic
f f f f f
c. van der Waals, ionic, hydrogen bond
f f f f f
d. hydrogen bond, van der Waals, ionic f f f f f
e. cannot be determined since ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds often vary in strength
f f f f f f f f f f f f
ANS: E fPTS: 1 f f
13. Weak forces that create constantly forming and breaking interactions at physiological temperatures,
f f f f f f f f f f f
but cumulatively impart stability to biological structures generated by their collective activity include
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
all EXCEPT:
f f
a. hydrogen bonds f
b. van der Waals forces f f f
c. covalent bonds f
d. ionic interactions f
e. hydrophobic interactions f
ANS: C f PTS: 1 f f
14. Which of the following is a true statement about non-covalent bonds?
f f f f f f f f f f
a. They are all the result of electron sharing.
f f f f f f f
b. Hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and hydrophobic interactions all carry a degree of specificity
f f f f f f f f f f f f
while van der Waals interactions are induced.
f f f f f f f
c. All noncovalent bonds are formed between oppositely charged polar functions.
f f f f f f f f f
d. Van der Waals interactions are not affected by structural complementarity, while hydrogen
f f f f f f f f f f f
bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interaction are affected by structural
f f f f f f f f f f
complementarity.
f
e. Hydrogen, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions do not form linear bonds. f f f f f f f f f f f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
15. Which of the statements about the nature of the hydrogen bond is true?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. The donor is a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon.
f f f f f f f f f
b. The more linear the bond, the stronger the interaction.
f f f f f f f f
c. The acceptor must be similar in electronegativity to hydrogen.
f f f f f f f f
d. It is a type of covalent bond.
f f f f f f
e. A hydrogen bond is weaker than van der Waals forces.
f f f f f f f f f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
16. Electrostatic forces f
a. include ionic interactions between negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively
f f f f f f f f f
charged amino groups.
f f f
b. average about 2 kJ/mol in aqueous solutions. f f f f f f
c. typically are directional like hydrogen bonds. f f f f f
d. require a precise fit like van der Waals interactions.f f f f f f f f
e. include ionic, induced dipole and permanent dipole interactions.
f f f f f f f
ANS: A
f f PTS: 1 f
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 3
f f f f f f f f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. All are distinctive properties of living systems EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f
a. Living organisms are relatively simple. f f f f
b. Biological structures play a role in the organism's existence. f f f f f f f f
c. The living state is characterized by the flow of energy through the organism.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
d. Living organisms are highly organized. f f f f
e. Living organisms are actively engaged in energy transformation.
f f f f f f f
ANS: A PTS: 1f f f
2. Even though the building blocks have fairly simple structures, macromolecules are exquisitely
f f f f f f f f f f f
organized in their intricate three-dimensional architecture known as:
f f f f f f f f
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewis structure. f
e. structural maturation. f
ANS: B PTS: 1
f f f
3. All of the following activities require the presence of ATP or NADPH EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movement of muscles. f f
d. light emission. f
e. none, they are all energy-requiring activities.
f f f f f
ANS: E PTS: 1 f f f
4. Which are the four most common elements in the human body?
f f f f f f f f f f
a. hydrogen, calcium, oxygen and sodium f f f f
b. hydrogen, oxygen, iron and carbon f f f f
c. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen f f f f
d. oxygen, carbon, iron and nitrogen f f f f
e. oxygen, silicon, calcium and nitrogen f f f f
ANS: C PTS: 1f f f
5. What makes carbon such an abundant element in biomolecules?
f f f f f f f f
a. It can form up to five bonds by sharing its electrons.
f f f f f f f f f f
b. It forms only single bonds.
f f f f
c. It provides low bond energy.
f f f f
d. It forms stable covalent bonds by electron pair sharing.
f f f f f f f f
e. It does not usually bond to other carbons, allowing a more diverse combination of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
elements. f
ANS: D f PTS: f f 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 1
, 6. The major precursors for the formation of biomolecules include all EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f
a. nitrate and dinitrogen. f f
b. water.
c. carbon dioxide. f
d. ammonium ion. f
e. none, all are major precursors. f f f f
ANS: E fPTS: 1 f f
7. From the major precursors, the complex biomolecules are made in which sequence?
f f f f f f f f f f f
a. metabolites, building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
b. macromolecules, building blocks, metabolites, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
c. building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes, metabolites
f f f f f
d. metabolites, macromolecules, building blocks, supramolecular complexes f f f f f
e. metabolites, building blocks, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules f f f f f
ANS: A f PTS: 1 f f
8. The structural integrity of supramolecular complexes (assemblies) of multiple components are
f f f f f f f f f f
bonded to each other by all of the following forces EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f f f f
a. covalent bonds f
b. van der Waals forces f f f
c. hydrogen bonds f
d. hydrophobic interactions f
e. ionic interactions f
ANS: A PTS: 1
f f f
9. Organelles have what three attributes? f f f f
a. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f
b. Only in eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f
c. Only in eukaryotic cells, seldom membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
d. Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, multi-functional.
f f f f f f
e. In both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
tasks.
f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
10. Membrane structures are maintained primarily by: f f f f f
a. hydrophobic interactions. f
b. covalent bonds. f
c. hydrogen bonds. f
d. non-spontaneous assembly. f
e. ionic interactions. f
ANS: A f PTS: 1 f f
11. All of the following are properties of membranes EXCEPT:
f f f f f f f f
a. supramolecular assemblies. f
b. define boundaries of cellular components.
f f f f
c. spontaneous assemblies resulting from hydrophobic interactions. f f f f f
d. identical protein and lipid composition in the major organelles.
f f f f f f f f
e. none, all are true. f f f
ANS: D f PTS: f f 1
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 2
, 12. Which of the following properly ranks the non-covalent interactions in order of increasing strength?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. ionic, hydrogen bond, van der Waals f f f f f
b. van der Waals, hydrogen bond, ionic
f f f f f
c. van der Waals, ionic, hydrogen bond
f f f f f
d. hydrogen bond, van der Waals, ionic f f f f f
e. cannot be determined since ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds often vary in strength
f f f f f f f f f f f f
ANS: E fPTS: 1 f f
13. Weak forces that create constantly forming and breaking interactions at physiological temperatures,
f f f f f f f f f f f
but cumulatively impart stability to biological structures generated by their collective activity include
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
all EXCEPT:
f f
a. hydrogen bonds f
b. van der Waals forces f f f
c. covalent bonds f
d. ionic interactions f
e. hydrophobic interactions f
ANS: C f PTS: 1 f f
14. Which of the following is a true statement about non-covalent bonds?
f f f f f f f f f f
a. They are all the result of electron sharing.
f f f f f f f
b. Hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and hydrophobic interactions all carry a degree of specificity
f f f f f f f f f f f f
while van der Waals interactions are induced.
f f f f f f f
c. All noncovalent bonds are formed between oppositely charged polar functions.
f f f f f f f f f
d. Van der Waals interactions are not affected by structural complementarity, while hydrogen
f f f f f f f f f f f
bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic interaction are affected by structural
f f f f f f f f f f
complementarity.
f
e. Hydrogen, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions do not form linear bonds. f f f f f f f f f f f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
15. Which of the statements about the nature of the hydrogen bond is true?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. The donor is a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon.
f f f f f f f f f
b. The more linear the bond, the stronger the interaction.
f f f f f f f f
c. The acceptor must be similar in electronegativity to hydrogen.
f f f f f f f f
d. It is a type of covalent bond.
f f f f f f
e. A hydrogen bond is weaker than van der Waals forces.
f f f f f f f f f
ANS: B f PTS: 1 f f
16. Electrostatic forces f
a. include ionic interactions between negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively
f f f f f f f f f
charged amino groups.
f f f
b. average about 2 kJ/mol in aqueous solutions. f f f f f f
c. typically are directional like hydrogen bonds. f f f f f
d. require a precise fit like van der Waals interactions.f f f f f f f f
e. include ionic, induced dipole and permanent dipole interactions.
f f f f f f f
ANS: A
f f PTS: 1 f
Garrett/Grisham 5e f Test Bank f 3
