,Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Financial Management ....................................................... 3
Chapter 2: Planning for Success: Budgeting ............................................................... 10
Chapter 3: Additional Budgeting Concepts ................................................................. 19
Chapter 4: Understanding Costs .................................................................................... 30
Chapter 5: Capital Budgeting......................................................................................... 41
Chapter 6: Long-Term Financing .................................................................................... 49
Chapter 7: Managing Short-Term Resources and Obligations......................................... 61
Chapter 8: Accountability and Control ........................................................................... 73
Chapter 9: Taking Stock of Where You Are: The Balance Sheet ...................................... 85
Chapter 10: Reporting the Results of Operations: The Activity and Cash Flow Statements
..................................................................................................................................... 97
Chapter 11: Unique Aspects of Accounting for Not-for-Profit and Health Care
Organizations ............................................................................................................. 108
Chapter 12: Unique Aspects of Accounting for State and Local Governments ............... 118
Chapter 13: Unique Aspects of Accounting for State and Local Governments ............... 126
Chapter 14: Financial Statement Analysis .................................................................... 136
Chapter 15: Financial Condition Analysis – Advanced Multiple-Choice Questions......... 145
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,Chapter 1: Introduction to Financial Management
Question 1
Which of the following most accurately reflects the primary financial goal of
a public or not-for-profit organization?
A. Maximizing return on equity
B. Enhancing shareholder wealth
C. Achieving organizational mission efficiently and effectively
D. Minimizing tax liability
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Public and not-for-profit organizations exist to fulfill a mission
rather than to generate profit or enhance shareholder wealth. Financial
management in these sectors centers on resource stewardship and efficiency
to support programmatic outcomes aligned with their stated mission.
Question 2
Financial management in not-for-profit organizations primarily differs from
that in for-profit firms in which of the following ways?
A. Use of accrual accounting principles
B. Focus on revenue maximization
C. Emphasis on mission fulfillment over profitability
D. Complexity of financial statements
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Unlike for-profit firms, which focus on generating profit, not-for-
profit organizations focus on maximizing their service impact within budget
constraints. This mission-driven orientation defines their financial
management priorities.
Question 3
Which statement best defines the fiduciary responsibility of financial
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, managers in public organizations?
A. Generating surplus revenue
B. Upholding legal compliance alone
C. Safeguarding assets and ensuring responsible stewardship
D. Ensuring customer satisfaction
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fiduciary duty in public settings refers to the ethical and legal
responsibility to manage financial resources wisely, ensuring accountability
and stewardship for the public or donor interests.
Question 4
Which of the following functions is NOT typically part of financial
management in health care organizations?
A. Fundraising strategy design
B. Capital acquisition decisions
C. Management of third-party payer reimbursements
D. Public relations policy development
✅ Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While financial managers in health care settings may indirectly
support public relations efforts, such activities are generally outside the core
financial management role, which focuses on budgeting, financing, and cost
control.
Question 5
In the context of public and not-for-profit financial management, the term
"accountability" most directly implies:
A. Meeting profit margins
B. Maximizing tax deductions
C. Demonstrating transparent use of resources to stakeholders
D. Protecting proprietary information
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