MICROBIOLOGY LAB PRACTICAL FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
2025-2026 UPDATE
Which bacteria has mechanisms to repair damage from UV radiation? -
Answer-Escherichia coli
What is a major limitation to UV radiation? - Answer-It cannot pass
through solid surfaces
Why did we use an index card or leave the lid on during the
experiment? - Answer-To act as a control - we wanted to see growth of
bacteria without UV light interaction
What technique was used for UV test? - Answer-swab and make a
bacterial lawn
What kind of radiation is UV? - Answer-non-ionizing radiation
What type of agar is used for Bacterial Transformation lab? - Answer-
LB - Luria Bertani
What is transformation? - Answer-When bacteria can pick up DNA
from the environment and make use of the genes it carries
,What is GFP? - Answer-green fluorescent protein - responsible for
bioluminescence in jellyfish
Why are we using GFP? - Answer-to show visual evidence that the
DNA transformed with successful gene expression
What is ARA? - Answer-arabinose (promoter that activates GFP and
Amp resistance genes)
What is the vector used in the transformation lab? - Answer-pGLO
plasmid
What does the amp resistance gene release? - Answer-Beta lactamase
What are we doing to the E.coli bacteria in the transformation
experiment? - Answer-We are making the bacteria competent by making
the (-) bacteria accept DNA which is (-)
What two items did we use in lab to make E.coli competent? - Answer--
transforming solution (CaCl2)
-heat shock
What will negate the charge of DNA in the transformation lab? -
Answer-transforming solution
, What will allow the DNA (plasmid) to enter the E.coli? - Answer-heat
shock (opens pores)
Why do we place the tubes on ice after the heat shock? - Answer-to
close the pores of the E. coli so the DNA will stay inside
Results of LB/AMP plate with +pGLO? - Answer-some growth of
bacteria as it will have amp resistance
Results of LB/AMP/ARA with + pGLO? - Answer-very active growth
and will glow
Results of LB/AMP with no pGlO? - Answer-this is our negative
control as there is no growth because there is no plasmid to give it
resistance to the AMP
Results of LB with no pGLO? - Answer-this is our positive control as
there is growth because there is no amp present to stop growth
ELISA - Answer-Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbant Assay
Direct ELISA - what are we testing for? - Answer-test for antigens
(pathogen)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
2025-2026 UPDATE
Which bacteria has mechanisms to repair damage from UV radiation? -
Answer-Escherichia coli
What is a major limitation to UV radiation? - Answer-It cannot pass
through solid surfaces
Why did we use an index card or leave the lid on during the
experiment? - Answer-To act as a control - we wanted to see growth of
bacteria without UV light interaction
What technique was used for UV test? - Answer-swab and make a
bacterial lawn
What kind of radiation is UV? - Answer-non-ionizing radiation
What type of agar is used for Bacterial Transformation lab? - Answer-
LB - Luria Bertani
What is transformation? - Answer-When bacteria can pick up DNA
from the environment and make use of the genes it carries
,What is GFP? - Answer-green fluorescent protein - responsible for
bioluminescence in jellyfish
Why are we using GFP? - Answer-to show visual evidence that the
DNA transformed with successful gene expression
What is ARA? - Answer-arabinose (promoter that activates GFP and
Amp resistance genes)
What is the vector used in the transformation lab? - Answer-pGLO
plasmid
What does the amp resistance gene release? - Answer-Beta lactamase
What are we doing to the E.coli bacteria in the transformation
experiment? - Answer-We are making the bacteria competent by making
the (-) bacteria accept DNA which is (-)
What two items did we use in lab to make E.coli competent? - Answer--
transforming solution (CaCl2)
-heat shock
What will negate the charge of DNA in the transformation lab? -
Answer-transforming solution
, What will allow the DNA (plasmid) to enter the E.coli? - Answer-heat
shock (opens pores)
Why do we place the tubes on ice after the heat shock? - Answer-to
close the pores of the E. coli so the DNA will stay inside
Results of LB/AMP plate with +pGLO? - Answer-some growth of
bacteria as it will have amp resistance
Results of LB/AMP/ARA with + pGLO? - Answer-very active growth
and will glow
Results of LB/AMP with no pGlO? - Answer-this is our negative
control as there is no growth because there is no plasmid to give it
resistance to the AMP
Results of LB with no pGLO? - Answer-this is our positive control as
there is growth because there is no amp present to stop growth
ELISA - Answer-Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbant Assay
Direct ELISA - what are we testing for? - Answer-test for antigens
(pathogen)
