BIOLOGY 1120 FINAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Meristematic Tissue ( correct answers ) A group of totipotent cells
arranged into meristems that produce all the other tissues.
Dermal Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 3 types: Epidermal cells,
guard cells, and trichomes.
Ground Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 3 types: Parenchyma,
Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma.
Vascular Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 2 types: Xylem and Phloem
Xylem ( correct answers ) Transport nutrients and water in plants. Is
unidirectional and consists of tracheas and vessel elements.
Phloem ( correct answers ) Transport sugars and hormones in plants.
Consist of Sieve Tube Members and Companion Cells.
Primary Growth ( correct answers ) Elongation
Secondary Growth ( correct answers ) Growth
in girth
3 Primary Meristems of the Apical Meristem ( correct
answers ) Protoderm (dermal tissue), Ground
Meristem (ground tissue), and Procambium.
Cortex ( correct answers ) Storage of sugars brought by the phloem.
Root Cap Cells ( correct answers ) The dermal cells of the root cap that
secrete mucus for lubrication and bacterial activity.
Columella Cells ( correct answers ) The second type of cell in the root cap
that are gravitropic.
Cork Cambium ( correct answers ) Forms from parenchymal tissue under
the epidermis; makes a continuous ring of meristematic tissue. Also
produces cork cells to the outside.
Cork Cells ( correct answers ) Dead - full of subrin (wax)
, Vascular Cambium ( correct answers ) Discontinuous ring of meristematic
tissue that forms between the primary xylem and the primary phloem.
Produces secondary xylem on one side and secondary phloem on the other
side.
Bark ( correct answers ) Cork, cork cambium, cortex, secondary
phloem, vascular cambium
Wood ( correct answers ) Secondary xylem, fibers,
parenchymal rays Bract ( correct answers ) Specialized
leaves that look like petals.
Spine ( correct answers ) Specialized leaves that resemble
thorns.
Window Leaves ( correct answers ) Specialized leaves that occur in
succulents. They allow light to get down to the photosynthetic tissue in
the ground.
Shade/Sun Leaves ( correct answers ) Shade leaves have more
chlorophyll, while sun leaves have less chlorophyll.
"Land Plants" ( correct answers ) Autotrophic, multicellular, cell wall of
cellulose, uses chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B, store energy in starch, have
sporic meiosis. THE EMBRYONIC SPOROPHYTE IS SUPPORTED BY THE
PARENTAL GAMETOPHYTE.
Limitations of multicellular aquatic autotrophs ( correct answers )
Desiccation, Transport, Reproduction
Sporopollenin ( correct answers ) Complex organic molecule, surrounds
spores to keep from drying out.
Organic Macromolecules( correct answers ) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids
Endoplasmic Reticulum( correct answers ) Rough: Covered in
ribosomes that synthesize proteins that are then
compartmentalized/secreted by the ER.
Smooth: Used for lipid synthesis, polysaccharide synthesis, and
detoxification (in the liver and sinuses)
Golgi Apparatus ( correct answers ) Modifies proteins to make them
functional.
Mitochondria ( correct answers ) Synthesizes ATP, converts chemical
energy into common energy.
Theory of Endosymbiosis( correct answers ) idk but you should know it
for the exam Cell Cycle ( correct answers ) Interphase - DNA replication
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Meristematic Tissue ( correct answers ) A group of totipotent cells
arranged into meristems that produce all the other tissues.
Dermal Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 3 types: Epidermal cells,
guard cells, and trichomes.
Ground Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 3 types: Parenchyma,
Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma.
Vascular Tissue ( correct answers ) There are 2 types: Xylem and Phloem
Xylem ( correct answers ) Transport nutrients and water in plants. Is
unidirectional and consists of tracheas and vessel elements.
Phloem ( correct answers ) Transport sugars and hormones in plants.
Consist of Sieve Tube Members and Companion Cells.
Primary Growth ( correct answers ) Elongation
Secondary Growth ( correct answers ) Growth
in girth
3 Primary Meristems of the Apical Meristem ( correct
answers ) Protoderm (dermal tissue), Ground
Meristem (ground tissue), and Procambium.
Cortex ( correct answers ) Storage of sugars brought by the phloem.
Root Cap Cells ( correct answers ) The dermal cells of the root cap that
secrete mucus for lubrication and bacterial activity.
Columella Cells ( correct answers ) The second type of cell in the root cap
that are gravitropic.
Cork Cambium ( correct answers ) Forms from parenchymal tissue under
the epidermis; makes a continuous ring of meristematic tissue. Also
produces cork cells to the outside.
Cork Cells ( correct answers ) Dead - full of subrin (wax)
, Vascular Cambium ( correct answers ) Discontinuous ring of meristematic
tissue that forms between the primary xylem and the primary phloem.
Produces secondary xylem on one side and secondary phloem on the other
side.
Bark ( correct answers ) Cork, cork cambium, cortex, secondary
phloem, vascular cambium
Wood ( correct answers ) Secondary xylem, fibers,
parenchymal rays Bract ( correct answers ) Specialized
leaves that look like petals.
Spine ( correct answers ) Specialized leaves that resemble
thorns.
Window Leaves ( correct answers ) Specialized leaves that occur in
succulents. They allow light to get down to the photosynthetic tissue in
the ground.
Shade/Sun Leaves ( correct answers ) Shade leaves have more
chlorophyll, while sun leaves have less chlorophyll.
"Land Plants" ( correct answers ) Autotrophic, multicellular, cell wall of
cellulose, uses chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B, store energy in starch, have
sporic meiosis. THE EMBRYONIC SPOROPHYTE IS SUPPORTED BY THE
PARENTAL GAMETOPHYTE.
Limitations of multicellular aquatic autotrophs ( correct answers )
Desiccation, Transport, Reproduction
Sporopollenin ( correct answers ) Complex organic molecule, surrounds
spores to keep from drying out.
Organic Macromolecules( correct answers ) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids
Endoplasmic Reticulum( correct answers ) Rough: Covered in
ribosomes that synthesize proteins that are then
compartmentalized/secreted by the ER.
Smooth: Used for lipid synthesis, polysaccharide synthesis, and
detoxification (in the liver and sinuses)
Golgi Apparatus ( correct answers ) Modifies proteins to make them
functional.
Mitochondria ( correct answers ) Synthesizes ATP, converts chemical
energy into common energy.
Theory of Endosymbiosis( correct answers ) idk but you should know it
for the exam Cell Cycle ( correct answers ) Interphase - DNA replication
