ALTA Exam Review
Logographic Writing System - CORRECT ANSWER-a system in which pictures
represent the words of a language (Chinese). If English were treated as a logographic
writing system, it would contain over 600,000 pictures.
metaphor - CORRECT ANSWER-a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that
means one thing is used, through implication, to mean something else (the ship plows
the sea)
multiple meanings - CORRECT ANSWER-different meanings for the same word.
polygot - CORRECT ANSWER-a language that is derived from several languages.
English is a polyglot language, derived primarily from the Anglo-Saxon, Latin, and
Greek languages
pragmatics - CORRECT ANSWER-a set of rules that dictates behavior for
communicative intentions in a particular context and the rules of conversations or
discourse
prefix - CORRECT ANSWER-a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a
base word
otitis media - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation of the middle ear that can lead to
temporary conductive hearing loss or, sometimes, permanent hearing loss. A young
child who experiences hearing loss from otitis media may have resulting speech or
language difficulties
Strands of language - CORRECT ANSWER-1. phonology
2. semantics
3. syntax
4. discourse
5. reading
6. writing
phonology - CORRECT ANSWER-sounds of letters
semantics - CORRECT ANSWER-word meaning in language
normal phonological development requires... - CORRECT ANSWER-the ability to hear
normally and to produce babbling
phonological production is largely complete by age: - CORRECT ANSWER-four
,alphabetic language - CORRECT ANSWER-a language in which letters are used
systematically to represent speech sounds or phonemes
alphabetic principle - CORRECT ANSWER-the use of letters and letter clusters to
represent phonemes in an orthography
Alexia - CORRECT ANSWER-the loss of the ability to read, usually the result of brain
injury
aphasia - CORRECT ANSWER-the loss or impairment of the ability to use and
comprehend words as the result of brain injury
articulation - CORRECT ANSWER-the act or manner of producing sounds
echolalia - CORRECT ANSWER-imitation of mother's sounds, rhythm, and tone
hyperlexia - CORRECT ANSWER-superior ability to read words without comprehension
lexicon - CORRECT ANSWER-an inventory of word knowledge, either spoken or written
Anglo-Saxon - CORRECT ANSWER-the language of the Germanic people who settles
in Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries. Anglo-Saxon was the dominant language in
Britain until the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Analytic instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction that separates the whole into its
constituent parts to reveal the relationships of the parts.
Analytic phonics - CORRECT ANSWER-analytic phonics separates the whole word into
its constituent parts so students can deduce the phonic relationship of the separate
orthographic patterns.
antonyms - CORRECT ANSWER-words of opposite meaning (semantics)
arbitrary learning - CORRECT ANSWER-new learning that has no logical connection to
already acquired knowledge or practical relationships.
auditory - CORRECT ANSWER-relating to or experienced through hearing
Bottom-up process - CORRECT ANSWER-theoretical view of reading as process that
consists of accurate sequential reading of every word. Comprehension is viewed as text
driven rather than concept driven
, concept-driven process - CORRECT ANSWER-theoretical view of reading as a process
that consists of using one's experiences and expectations to react to text. Also called
top-down process
cooperative learning - CORRECT ANSWER-instructional approach in which students
work together rather than compete to solve a problem or complete a task.
corrective feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-teacher responses during and following
practice of a skill that is sensitive to a student's level and that guides him or her closer to
mastery
cumulative - CORRECT ANSWER-having new learning that is based upon previously
learned elements
diagnostic teaching - CORRECT ANSWER-teaching that uses observation and format
and informal assessments to measure student progress against expected performance
standards
direct instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction that id delivered without vagueness
or ambiguity, leaving no question as to the meaning. Also known as explicit instruction
domains of language - CORRECT ANSWER-language systems. phonology, syntax,
morphology, and orthography are language systems that deal with the form of
language. Semantics deals with the content of language. Pragmatics deals with the use
of language.
embedded phonics - CORRECT ANSWER-phonological awareness and phonic taught
simplicity through the reading or real words in text
etymology - CORRECT ANSWER-the history of word origins and development
euphony - CORRECT ANSWER-pleasing to the ear. A harmonious succession of words
having a pleasing sound
explicit instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction delivered without vagueness or
ambiguity, leaving no question as to the meaning. Also known as direct instruction
Fernald Method - CORRECT ANSWER-technique for learning words that involves the
visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile modalities. The student looks at a word while
saying and tracing it.
Figurative language - CORRECT ANSWER-language that avoids the use of the exact
meanings of words and uses exaggeration, metaphors, and embellishments
Greek - CORRECT ANSWER-the language of the ancient Greeks whose morphemes
form scientific terms.
Logographic Writing System - CORRECT ANSWER-a system in which pictures
represent the words of a language (Chinese). If English were treated as a logographic
writing system, it would contain over 600,000 pictures.
metaphor - CORRECT ANSWER-a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that
means one thing is used, through implication, to mean something else (the ship plows
the sea)
multiple meanings - CORRECT ANSWER-different meanings for the same word.
polygot - CORRECT ANSWER-a language that is derived from several languages.
English is a polyglot language, derived primarily from the Anglo-Saxon, Latin, and
Greek languages
pragmatics - CORRECT ANSWER-a set of rules that dictates behavior for
communicative intentions in a particular context and the rules of conversations or
discourse
prefix - CORRECT ANSWER-a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a
base word
otitis media - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation of the middle ear that can lead to
temporary conductive hearing loss or, sometimes, permanent hearing loss. A young
child who experiences hearing loss from otitis media may have resulting speech or
language difficulties
Strands of language - CORRECT ANSWER-1. phonology
2. semantics
3. syntax
4. discourse
5. reading
6. writing
phonology - CORRECT ANSWER-sounds of letters
semantics - CORRECT ANSWER-word meaning in language
normal phonological development requires... - CORRECT ANSWER-the ability to hear
normally and to produce babbling
phonological production is largely complete by age: - CORRECT ANSWER-four
,alphabetic language - CORRECT ANSWER-a language in which letters are used
systematically to represent speech sounds or phonemes
alphabetic principle - CORRECT ANSWER-the use of letters and letter clusters to
represent phonemes in an orthography
Alexia - CORRECT ANSWER-the loss of the ability to read, usually the result of brain
injury
aphasia - CORRECT ANSWER-the loss or impairment of the ability to use and
comprehend words as the result of brain injury
articulation - CORRECT ANSWER-the act or manner of producing sounds
echolalia - CORRECT ANSWER-imitation of mother's sounds, rhythm, and tone
hyperlexia - CORRECT ANSWER-superior ability to read words without comprehension
lexicon - CORRECT ANSWER-an inventory of word knowledge, either spoken or written
Anglo-Saxon - CORRECT ANSWER-the language of the Germanic people who settles
in Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries. Anglo-Saxon was the dominant language in
Britain until the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Analytic instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction that separates the whole into its
constituent parts to reveal the relationships of the parts.
Analytic phonics - CORRECT ANSWER-analytic phonics separates the whole word into
its constituent parts so students can deduce the phonic relationship of the separate
orthographic patterns.
antonyms - CORRECT ANSWER-words of opposite meaning (semantics)
arbitrary learning - CORRECT ANSWER-new learning that has no logical connection to
already acquired knowledge or practical relationships.
auditory - CORRECT ANSWER-relating to or experienced through hearing
Bottom-up process - CORRECT ANSWER-theoretical view of reading as process that
consists of accurate sequential reading of every word. Comprehension is viewed as text
driven rather than concept driven
, concept-driven process - CORRECT ANSWER-theoretical view of reading as a process
that consists of using one's experiences and expectations to react to text. Also called
top-down process
cooperative learning - CORRECT ANSWER-instructional approach in which students
work together rather than compete to solve a problem or complete a task.
corrective feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-teacher responses during and following
practice of a skill that is sensitive to a student's level and that guides him or her closer to
mastery
cumulative - CORRECT ANSWER-having new learning that is based upon previously
learned elements
diagnostic teaching - CORRECT ANSWER-teaching that uses observation and format
and informal assessments to measure student progress against expected performance
standards
direct instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction that id delivered without vagueness
or ambiguity, leaving no question as to the meaning. Also known as explicit instruction
domains of language - CORRECT ANSWER-language systems. phonology, syntax,
morphology, and orthography are language systems that deal with the form of
language. Semantics deals with the content of language. Pragmatics deals with the use
of language.
embedded phonics - CORRECT ANSWER-phonological awareness and phonic taught
simplicity through the reading or real words in text
etymology - CORRECT ANSWER-the history of word origins and development
euphony - CORRECT ANSWER-pleasing to the ear. A harmonious succession of words
having a pleasing sound
explicit instruction - CORRECT ANSWER-instruction delivered without vagueness or
ambiguity, leaving no question as to the meaning. Also known as direct instruction
Fernald Method - CORRECT ANSWER-technique for learning words that involves the
visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile modalities. The student looks at a word while
saying and tracing it.
Figurative language - CORRECT ANSWER-language that avoids the use of the exact
meanings of words and uses exaggeration, metaphors, and embellishments
Greek - CORRECT ANSWER-the language of the ancient Greeks whose morphemes
form scientific terms.
