SJSU BIO 54 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
Alcohol addiction - Answers -a physical/psychological dependence with loss of control, continuous
craving and compulsive use
Binge drinking - Answers -consuming a large quantity of alcohol in a short period of time
Alcohol dehydrogenase - Answers -enzyme in stomach that breaks down alcohol
- women have 1/2 as much as men
Immediate effects of alcohol - Answers -reduces frequency of nerve transmission
-dehydration
-water is lost from cerebospinal fluid
-irritates gastrointestinal system
Long term effects of alcohol - Answers -Effects on the nervous system
-Cardiovascular effects
-Liver disease
-Cancer
-Chronic inflammation of the pancreas
-Reduced ability of the body to fight bacteria and viruses
BAC Limit - Answers .08%
Absorption and metabolism of alcohol - Answers -About 20% of absorption occurs in the stomach
-About 80% of absorption occurs in the small intestine
Consumption of alcohol (pathway + steps) - Answers -passes down the esophagus through the stomach
and into the small intestine
-majority of alcohol enters the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine
-bloodstream rapidly transports the ethanol throughout the body where it is absorbed into the body,
tissues in proportion to their water content
-Through oxidation in liver, alcohol is metabolized and removed from the bloodstream
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answers -secrete ADH = decrease in urine volume
-inhibit ADH = increase in urine volume
, -ADH kicks in when your body detects your blood has too little water
Diuretics - Answers -agent that increases urine output
Antidiuretic - Answers -an agent that decreases urine production
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) - Answers -mental retardation, small head, tremors
-abnormalities of face, limbs, heart, and brain
Zero population growth - Answers -a population that is unchanging
-birth and death rate are equal
-growth rate = 0
Biodiversity - Answers -the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
3 Largest threats to biodiversity - Answers -loss of habitat/habitat destruction
-introduced species (spread of non-native species and diseases
-over-exploitation
Ozone depletion - Answers -the thinning of the ozone layer
Green house effect - Answers -the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of the Earth that
occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and gases absorb and radiate thermal energy.
Global warming - Answers -gradual increase in average global temperature
AQI (Air Quality Index) - Answers -index for reporting daily air quality that tells you how clean or
polluted your air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for you
-0-50 = healthy
Indoor air pollution sources - Answers -asbestos
-formaldehyde
-radon
-household chemicals
-sick building syndrome
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) - Answers -federal agency created to oversee environmental
monitoring and cleanup programs
Clean Air Act (5 major pollutants) - Answers -ground-level ozone
Alcohol addiction - Answers -a physical/psychological dependence with loss of control, continuous
craving and compulsive use
Binge drinking - Answers -consuming a large quantity of alcohol in a short period of time
Alcohol dehydrogenase - Answers -enzyme in stomach that breaks down alcohol
- women have 1/2 as much as men
Immediate effects of alcohol - Answers -reduces frequency of nerve transmission
-dehydration
-water is lost from cerebospinal fluid
-irritates gastrointestinal system
Long term effects of alcohol - Answers -Effects on the nervous system
-Cardiovascular effects
-Liver disease
-Cancer
-Chronic inflammation of the pancreas
-Reduced ability of the body to fight bacteria and viruses
BAC Limit - Answers .08%
Absorption and metabolism of alcohol - Answers -About 20% of absorption occurs in the stomach
-About 80% of absorption occurs in the small intestine
Consumption of alcohol (pathway + steps) - Answers -passes down the esophagus through the stomach
and into the small intestine
-majority of alcohol enters the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine
-bloodstream rapidly transports the ethanol throughout the body where it is absorbed into the body,
tissues in proportion to their water content
-Through oxidation in liver, alcohol is metabolized and removed from the bloodstream
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answers -secrete ADH = decrease in urine volume
-inhibit ADH = increase in urine volume
, -ADH kicks in when your body detects your blood has too little water
Diuretics - Answers -agent that increases urine output
Antidiuretic - Answers -an agent that decreases urine production
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) - Answers -mental retardation, small head, tremors
-abnormalities of face, limbs, heart, and brain
Zero population growth - Answers -a population that is unchanging
-birth and death rate are equal
-growth rate = 0
Biodiversity - Answers -the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
3 Largest threats to biodiversity - Answers -loss of habitat/habitat destruction
-introduced species (spread of non-native species and diseases
-over-exploitation
Ozone depletion - Answers -the thinning of the ozone layer
Green house effect - Answers -the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of the Earth that
occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and gases absorb and radiate thermal energy.
Global warming - Answers -gradual increase in average global temperature
AQI (Air Quality Index) - Answers -index for reporting daily air quality that tells you how clean or
polluted your air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for you
-0-50 = healthy
Indoor air pollution sources - Answers -asbestos
-formaldehyde
-radon
-household chemicals
-sick building syndrome
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) - Answers -federal agency created to oversee environmental
monitoring and cleanup programs
Clean Air Act (5 major pollutants) - Answers -ground-level ozone
