ATI - MED SURG EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has
Which of the following instructions should the nurse in the
osteoporosis.
a) "Place throw rugs on wooden floors at
teaching?
home.
b) "Supplement
" your diet with
vitamin
c) "SwimE." laps for 20 minutes twice per
d) "Take calcium supplements with meals." ( Correct answers ) d) "Take
week."
supplements with meals." (The nurse should instruct the client to
calcium
take calcium
carbonate supplements with or following meals to increase
absorption and
effectivenes
s.)
2. A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is taking
digoxin.
the following
Whichmedications
of should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for
thedevelop
to client digoxin
a) Potassium
toxicity?
chloride
b)
Famotidine
c)
Levothyroxine
d) Furosemide ( Correct answers ) d) Furosemide (The nurse should identify
that loop such as furosemide, increase the urinary excretion of potassium,
diuretics,
whichtocan
lead hypokalemia. Hypokalemia increases the risk for the development
of digoxin
toxicity.
)
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with an adult
client who
weighs 45.4 kg (100 lb.). Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an
understanding of the
a) "I should insert the needle at a 90-degree
teaching?
b) "I should give my shot in my belly
angle."
c) "I will pull back on the syringe plunger to look for blood before I push the
tissue."
in.
medication
"d) "I will use the side of my hand to pull my skin to the side prior to
administering
insulin." ( Correct
the answers ) b) "I should give my shot in my
belly tissue."
4. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a
mechanical
valve replacement.
mitral Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an
understanding of the
a) "I will notify my dentist about this
teaching?
b) "I will take an enteric-coated aspirin
procedure."
c) "I will use a fi rm-bristled
daily."
toothbrush."
GRADED
A+
,d) "I will weigh myself once a week." ( Correct answers ) a) "I will notify
my dentist
about this procedure." (The nurse should instruct the client to notify his
dentist
the mechanical
about mitral valve replacement before any procedures so
antibiotic
can therapy
be initiated to reduce the risk of endocardial infection.)
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record for an older adult client who is
nausea and vomiting. Based on the client data, which of the following
experiencing
actions
the nurseshould
take? (Click on the "Exhibit" button for additional client
information.
are three tabs There
that contain separate categories of data.) View the
Exhibit 2Exhibit
Exhibit
1 3 Diagnosis Results Sodium 142 mEq/ Potassium 4.2
mEq/L BUN
mg/dL Creatinine
36 1.4 mg/dL Nurses' Notes 1200: Alert and oriented x3
Lungs clear to
auscultation Decreased skin turgor Dry mucous membranes
Graphic Record
Temperature 0800: 37.7° C (99.9° F) 1200: 37.2° C (99.0° F) Pulse
0800: 96/min Respiratory rate 0800: 18/min 1200: 20/min Blood pressure
1200:105/min
0800; 118/62
mmHg 1200: 104/65
mm
a) Encourage
Hg the client to
ambulate.
b) Administer an antipyretic
medication.
c) Notify the charge nurse of the client's
BUN
d) level
Keep the temperature i ( Correct answers ) c) Notify the charge nurse of
the client's
BUN level (The client's BUN level is above the expected reference range
of 10 towhich
mg/dL, 20 indicates dehydration and impaired renal function. The
nurse should
notify the charge nurse of this finding and anticipate interventions to
restore the
client's fluid volume.)
6.A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based
precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to assistive personnel
(AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select
all that apply).
a) "Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
d) "Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
e)"Wear a face mask when in the client's room." ( Correct answers ) a)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals." (Clients
who have C. difficile require contact precautions, which include using
disposable utensils and dishes during meals to prevent exposure to
contaminants by others.)
b)"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room." (When using
contact precautions, the health care staff should dedicate equipment to
single-client use to prevent transmission of the pathogen.)
c)"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution." (The health care
staff
7. A nurse
shouldisuse
admitting
a bleach
a client
solution
who
toisclean
suspected
equipment
having
to active
preventtuberculosis
(TB).
theWhich
transmission
of following
of the
actions
pathogen.)
should the nurse take first?
(chap.
a) 20)
Administer antituberculosis
medication.
GRADED
A+
,b) Institute airborne
c) Obtain sputum
precautions.
d) Auscultate breath sounds. ( Correct answers ) b) Institute airborne
cultures.
(The greatest risk from this client is transmitting TB to staff and
precautions.
other clients.
Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to implement airborne
precautions.)
Which of the
8. A nurse following
is caring for actions
a clientshould
who is the
postoperative and has a Jackson-Pratt
nurse
a) Fill the
drain. take?bulb reservoir with 0.9% sodium
b) Allow the Jackson-Pratt drain to hang
chloride.
c) Cut a slit in a gauze sponge and apply it around the tubing
freely.
insertion
d) Compress site.the bulb reservoir and then close the drainage valve. ( Correct
answers
d) Compress) the bulb reservoir and then close the drainage valve. (The
nursecompress
fully should the bulb reservoir and then replace the valve plug
using aseptic
technique to establish suction after emptying or activating a Jackson-Pratt
drain.)
mellitus
9. A nurse and whose prescription
is reinforcing teachinghas
withbeen changed
the parent of from regular
a toddler who has type
insulin
insulin. to
I diabetes lisproof the following information should the nurse include in the
Which
teaching?
a) Lispro is given once a
b) Lispro should be given before
day.
eating.
c) Lispro cannot be given with other
insulin.
d) Lispro does not cause hypoglycemia. ( Correct answers ) b) Lispro should
be given
before eating. (Lispro insulin should be given around mealtime, within 15
min before
after eating.) or
10. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has microcytic
prescribed
anemia anda isdaily iron supplement. The nurse tells the client to
consume foods
containing vitamin C when taking the supplement to enhance iron
absorption.
the followingWhich
clientoffood choices indicates an understanding of the
a) 1 cup cooked brown
teaching?
b) 1 cup boiled
rice
c) 1 cup cottage
broccoli
d) 1 cup cooked kidney beans ( Correct answers ) b) 1 cup boiled broccoli
cheese
(The nurse
should determine that choosing boiled broccoli indicates an
understanding
teaching becauseof the
1 cup contains 101 mg of vitamin C per serving.)
11. A nurse is assisting with the development of a plan of care to manage
client who
pain for a has herpes zoster with lesions on the lower extremities.
Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan
of Keep
a) care? bed linens off of the affected
areas.
b) Position a heat lamp over the lower
extremities.
c) Apply warm, moist compresses to the affected
areas.
GRADED
A+
, d) Initiate droplet isolation precautions. ( Correct answers ) a) Keep bed
linens
the affected
off of areas. (The nurse should keep bed linens off of the affected
areas
bed cradle,
using which
a will relieve pain caused by the linens rubbing against
the lesions.)
12. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about increasing
dietaryshould
nurse fiber. Therecommend which of the following foods as the best
source
a) ½ cup of cooked
fiber? kidney
b) ½ cup raw
beans
c) 1 cup cucumber with
cauliflower
d) 1 cup parboiled brown rice ( Correct answers ) a) ½ cup cooked kidney
peel
beans should
nurse (The recommend kidney beans as the best source of fiber
because ½
contains 6.5cup g of fiber per
serving.)
13. A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has AIDS-related
pneumonia.
client is receiving
The antibiotic therapy and albuterol nebulizer treatments
daily.
the followingoffindings should indicate to the nurse that the client's
Which
therapeutic regimen
is
effective?
a) Adventitious lung
sounds
b) Decrease in exertional
dyspnea
c) Respiratory rate of 26/min while sitting in
a chair
d) Elevation of the head of the bed is required to sleep ( Correct
answers ) inb)exertional dyspnea (A decrease in exertional dyspnea
Decrease
indicates the
antibiotics are resolving the infection and the albuterol treatments are
facilitating
effective ventilation. Therefore, the nurse should evaluate the therapeutic
regimen as
effective for the
client.)
14. A nurse is monitoring a client who has a wrist cast and reports
intense itching
underneath the cast. Which of the following actions should the
nurse
a) Blow take?
cool air into the cast using a blow dryer on a cool
b) Obtain a prescription for
setting.
c) Ask the provider to bivalve the
pregabalin.
d) Provide the client with a tongue blade to rub the skin under the
cast.
cast. ( Correct
answers ) a) Blow cool air into the cast using a blow dryer on a cool
setting.
blow dryer
(Using
on aa cool setting to blow cold air into the cast is an effective
wayclient's
the to relieve itching without damaging
the skin.)
16. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned to the unit
following a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the
a) Absent gag
provider?
reflex
b) Blood-tinged
mucus
c) Diminished breath
sounds
d) Oxygen saturation 95% ( Correct answers ) c) Diminished
breath sounds
(Diminished breath sounds might indicate a pneumothorax or laryngeal
edema.should
nurse The report this finding to the provider for further evaluation of
the client.)
GRADED
A+
CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has
Which of the following instructions should the nurse in the
osteoporosis.
a) "Place throw rugs on wooden floors at
teaching?
home.
b) "Supplement
" your diet with
vitamin
c) "SwimE." laps for 20 minutes twice per
d) "Take calcium supplements with meals." ( Correct answers ) d) "Take
week."
supplements with meals." (The nurse should instruct the client to
calcium
take calcium
carbonate supplements with or following meals to increase
absorption and
effectivenes
s.)
2. A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is taking
digoxin.
the following
Whichmedications
of should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for
thedevelop
to client digoxin
a) Potassium
toxicity?
chloride
b)
Famotidine
c)
Levothyroxine
d) Furosemide ( Correct answers ) d) Furosemide (The nurse should identify
that loop such as furosemide, increase the urinary excretion of potassium,
diuretics,
whichtocan
lead hypokalemia. Hypokalemia increases the risk for the development
of digoxin
toxicity.
)
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with an adult
client who
weighs 45.4 kg (100 lb.). Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an
understanding of the
a) "I should insert the needle at a 90-degree
teaching?
b) "I should give my shot in my belly
angle."
c) "I will pull back on the syringe plunger to look for blood before I push the
tissue."
in.
medication
"d) "I will use the side of my hand to pull my skin to the side prior to
administering
insulin." ( Correct
the answers ) b) "I should give my shot in my
belly tissue."
4. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a
mechanical
valve replacement.
mitral Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an
understanding of the
a) "I will notify my dentist about this
teaching?
b) "I will take an enteric-coated aspirin
procedure."
c) "I will use a fi rm-bristled
daily."
toothbrush."
GRADED
A+
,d) "I will weigh myself once a week." ( Correct answers ) a) "I will notify
my dentist
about this procedure." (The nurse should instruct the client to notify his
dentist
the mechanical
about mitral valve replacement before any procedures so
antibiotic
can therapy
be initiated to reduce the risk of endocardial infection.)
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record for an older adult client who is
nausea and vomiting. Based on the client data, which of the following
experiencing
actions
the nurseshould
take? (Click on the "Exhibit" button for additional client
information.
are three tabs There
that contain separate categories of data.) View the
Exhibit 2Exhibit
Exhibit
1 3 Diagnosis Results Sodium 142 mEq/ Potassium 4.2
mEq/L BUN
mg/dL Creatinine
36 1.4 mg/dL Nurses' Notes 1200: Alert and oriented x3
Lungs clear to
auscultation Decreased skin turgor Dry mucous membranes
Graphic Record
Temperature 0800: 37.7° C (99.9° F) 1200: 37.2° C (99.0° F) Pulse
0800: 96/min Respiratory rate 0800: 18/min 1200: 20/min Blood pressure
1200:105/min
0800; 118/62
mmHg 1200: 104/65
mm
a) Encourage
Hg the client to
ambulate.
b) Administer an antipyretic
medication.
c) Notify the charge nurse of the client's
BUN
d) level
Keep the temperature i ( Correct answers ) c) Notify the charge nurse of
the client's
BUN level (The client's BUN level is above the expected reference range
of 10 towhich
mg/dL, 20 indicates dehydration and impaired renal function. The
nurse should
notify the charge nurse of this finding and anticipate interventions to
restore the
client's fluid volume.)
6.A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based
precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to assistive personnel
(AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select
all that apply).
a) "Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
d) "Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
e)"Wear a face mask when in the client's room." ( Correct answers ) a)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals." (Clients
who have C. difficile require contact precautions, which include using
disposable utensils and dishes during meals to prevent exposure to
contaminants by others.)
b)"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room." (When using
contact precautions, the health care staff should dedicate equipment to
single-client use to prevent transmission of the pathogen.)
c)"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution." (The health care
staff
7. A nurse
shouldisuse
admitting
a bleach
a client
solution
who
toisclean
suspected
equipment
having
to active
preventtuberculosis
(TB).
theWhich
transmission
of following
of the
actions
pathogen.)
should the nurse take first?
(chap.
a) 20)
Administer antituberculosis
medication.
GRADED
A+
,b) Institute airborne
c) Obtain sputum
precautions.
d) Auscultate breath sounds. ( Correct answers ) b) Institute airborne
cultures.
(The greatest risk from this client is transmitting TB to staff and
precautions.
other clients.
Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to implement airborne
precautions.)
Which of the
8. A nurse following
is caring for actions
a clientshould
who is the
postoperative and has a Jackson-Pratt
nurse
a) Fill the
drain. take?bulb reservoir with 0.9% sodium
b) Allow the Jackson-Pratt drain to hang
chloride.
c) Cut a slit in a gauze sponge and apply it around the tubing
freely.
insertion
d) Compress site.the bulb reservoir and then close the drainage valve. ( Correct
answers
d) Compress) the bulb reservoir and then close the drainage valve. (The
nursecompress
fully should the bulb reservoir and then replace the valve plug
using aseptic
technique to establish suction after emptying or activating a Jackson-Pratt
drain.)
mellitus
9. A nurse and whose prescription
is reinforcing teachinghas
withbeen changed
the parent of from regular
a toddler who has type
insulin
insulin. to
I diabetes lisproof the following information should the nurse include in the
Which
teaching?
a) Lispro is given once a
b) Lispro should be given before
day.
eating.
c) Lispro cannot be given with other
insulin.
d) Lispro does not cause hypoglycemia. ( Correct answers ) b) Lispro should
be given
before eating. (Lispro insulin should be given around mealtime, within 15
min before
after eating.) or
10. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has microcytic
prescribed
anemia anda isdaily iron supplement. The nurse tells the client to
consume foods
containing vitamin C when taking the supplement to enhance iron
absorption.
the followingWhich
clientoffood choices indicates an understanding of the
a) 1 cup cooked brown
teaching?
b) 1 cup boiled
rice
c) 1 cup cottage
broccoli
d) 1 cup cooked kidney beans ( Correct answers ) b) 1 cup boiled broccoli
cheese
(The nurse
should determine that choosing boiled broccoli indicates an
understanding
teaching becauseof the
1 cup contains 101 mg of vitamin C per serving.)
11. A nurse is assisting with the development of a plan of care to manage
client who
pain for a has herpes zoster with lesions on the lower extremities.
Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan
of Keep
a) care? bed linens off of the affected
areas.
b) Position a heat lamp over the lower
extremities.
c) Apply warm, moist compresses to the affected
areas.
GRADED
A+
, d) Initiate droplet isolation precautions. ( Correct answers ) a) Keep bed
linens
the affected
off of areas. (The nurse should keep bed linens off of the affected
areas
bed cradle,
using which
a will relieve pain caused by the linens rubbing against
the lesions.)
12. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about increasing
dietaryshould
nurse fiber. Therecommend which of the following foods as the best
source
a) ½ cup of cooked
fiber? kidney
b) ½ cup raw
beans
c) 1 cup cucumber with
cauliflower
d) 1 cup parboiled brown rice ( Correct answers ) a) ½ cup cooked kidney
peel
beans should
nurse (The recommend kidney beans as the best source of fiber
because ½
contains 6.5cup g of fiber per
serving.)
13. A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has AIDS-related
pneumonia.
client is receiving
The antibiotic therapy and albuterol nebulizer treatments
daily.
the followingoffindings should indicate to the nurse that the client's
Which
therapeutic regimen
is
effective?
a) Adventitious lung
sounds
b) Decrease in exertional
dyspnea
c) Respiratory rate of 26/min while sitting in
a chair
d) Elevation of the head of the bed is required to sleep ( Correct
answers ) inb)exertional dyspnea (A decrease in exertional dyspnea
Decrease
indicates the
antibiotics are resolving the infection and the albuterol treatments are
facilitating
effective ventilation. Therefore, the nurse should evaluate the therapeutic
regimen as
effective for the
client.)
14. A nurse is monitoring a client who has a wrist cast and reports
intense itching
underneath the cast. Which of the following actions should the
nurse
a) Blow take?
cool air into the cast using a blow dryer on a cool
b) Obtain a prescription for
setting.
c) Ask the provider to bivalve the
pregabalin.
d) Provide the client with a tongue blade to rub the skin under the
cast.
cast. ( Correct
answers ) a) Blow cool air into the cast using a blow dryer on a cool
setting.
blow dryer
(Using
on aa cool setting to blow cold air into the cast is an effective
wayclient's
the to relieve itching without damaging
the skin.)
16. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned to the unit
following a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the
a) Absent gag
provider?
reflex
b) Blood-tinged
mucus
c) Diminished breath
sounds
d) Oxygen saturation 95% ( Correct answers ) c) Diminished
breath sounds
(Diminished breath sounds might indicate a pneumothorax or laryngeal
edema.should
nurse The report this finding to the provider for further evaluation of
the client.)
GRADED
A+
