PSYC 3400 Final Exam
The natural physical decline brought by
What is senescence?
aging (mid 30s to 40s)
Peak physical capabilities, size and
What changes about the body and brain weight of brain increase until peak and
during young adulthood? then decrease, grey matter is pruned,
increased myelination
Less elasticity in eyes starts at age 10 but
isn't noticeable until 40s, hearing, vision,
How are the senses and psychomotor
touch, taste are at the peak, hand-eye
abilities during senescence?
coordination, reaction time, and muscle
strength are as good as they'll ever be
At least 30 minutes of moderate exercise
at least 5 days a week, low SES usual-
ly correlates to less time and money to
What is the CDC recommended amount exercise. Benefits are increased cardio-
of exercise that people should engage in vascular fitness, lung capacity, flexibility,
and what are the benefits of exercising? muscle strength, prevents osteoporosis,
boosts immune response, reduces de-
pression, increased control of body, in-
creased lifespan
What is the leading cause of death
Accidents, this is the only time where
between ages 25-34 and how does it
accidents are the leading cause of death
change in regards to before and after
rather than disease
young adulthood?
Quickening of aging process due to own
What is secondary aging? behaviors (excessive drinking, smoking,
risky sexual behaviors)
Men are more likely to die from motor
What are some race and gender differ- vehicle accidents, African American/mi-
ences in leading causes of death? norities are more likely to die from acci-
dents
BMI over 30, 42% of US adults are con-
What is obesity defined as? sidered obese, and these numbers are
tripling in the US
, PSYC 3400 Final Exam
Physical growth starts to decline so a
Why do people typically gain weight dur-
calorie reduction is necessary, but most
ing young adulthood?
people don't change eating
A response to events that threaten or
What is stress? challenge an individual. Triggered by
pleasant and unpleasant events
Evaluating stressors, how you are evalu-
ating stressor itself to decide if its posi-
What is a primary appraisal of stress?
tive or negative/whether you should wor-
ry about it
Asking yourself if you can handle it, cop-
What is a secondary appraisal of stress?
ing mechanisms/resources
Stress increases risk of becoming ill and
can make recovery more difficult, also
lessens ability to cope with future stress.
What are the consequences of stress?
Stress can also trigger psychosomatic
disorders (rheumatoid arthritis and ul-
cers)
Attempting to control the situation, trying
to directly manage stress by taking con-
Problem-focused coping
trol of the situation (spending extra time
studying for a test to reduce stress)
Positive outlook, handling emotions re-
lated to stressor itself (focusing on ben-
Emotion-focused efits of socializing when sending child
to daycare instead of staying home with
them)
Going to others for comfort and assis-
Social support
tance
Don't want to deal with it but are
still thinking about stressors, subcon-
Defensive coping scious coping, emotional insulation (us-
ing drugs or alcohol to avoid emo-
tions/stressor)
Hardiness and take charge people who
embrace life's challenges. Acts as a pro-
, PSYC 3400 Final Exam
What personality characteristics are as- tective factor to high stress and are less
sociated with a lower rate of stress-relat- likely to experience long term stress be-
ed illness? cause of positive outlook
Cognitive development beyond Piaget's
What is postformal thought? formal operational stage, addresses how
we should handle complex situations
How does thinking change during young
adulthood? Specifically during college
years
cognitive tendency to see situations
Dualistic thinking and issues in polarized, absolute,
black-and-white terms
Points of view have no absolute right or
wrong, there's a subjective value. Individ-
Relativistic thinking
uals could have different views but all are
relevant and correct
Interest/appreciation of debating/argu-
Dialectical thinking
ing. Using arguments to establish truth
Loneliness, anxiety, and depression due
to college experience. Those who experi-
ences high status in high school and first
What is the first-year college adjustment
generation students are at the highest
reaction and who is impacted the most
risk. Passes for most people as friends
by it?
are made. Only 58% graduate in 6 years
because of family, academics, financial
reasons
What time period is emergent adulthood Ages 18 to late 20s. Technically an adult
covering and why is it special from the and have more freedom than before, but
rest of adulthood, but different from ado- still lack some qualities to be successful
lescence? on own and be a "real adult"
Continued identity exploration, instability
(in between life plans), self-focus (free-
5 features marking emerging adulthood dom to focus on yourself), feeling "in be-
tween" (not a child but not an adult, un-
certainty and uneasiness), optimism
The natural physical decline brought by
What is senescence?
aging (mid 30s to 40s)
Peak physical capabilities, size and
What changes about the body and brain weight of brain increase until peak and
during young adulthood? then decrease, grey matter is pruned,
increased myelination
Less elasticity in eyes starts at age 10 but
isn't noticeable until 40s, hearing, vision,
How are the senses and psychomotor
touch, taste are at the peak, hand-eye
abilities during senescence?
coordination, reaction time, and muscle
strength are as good as they'll ever be
At least 30 minutes of moderate exercise
at least 5 days a week, low SES usual-
ly correlates to less time and money to
What is the CDC recommended amount exercise. Benefits are increased cardio-
of exercise that people should engage in vascular fitness, lung capacity, flexibility,
and what are the benefits of exercising? muscle strength, prevents osteoporosis,
boosts immune response, reduces de-
pression, increased control of body, in-
creased lifespan
What is the leading cause of death
Accidents, this is the only time where
between ages 25-34 and how does it
accidents are the leading cause of death
change in regards to before and after
rather than disease
young adulthood?
Quickening of aging process due to own
What is secondary aging? behaviors (excessive drinking, smoking,
risky sexual behaviors)
Men are more likely to die from motor
What are some race and gender differ- vehicle accidents, African American/mi-
ences in leading causes of death? norities are more likely to die from acci-
dents
BMI over 30, 42% of US adults are con-
What is obesity defined as? sidered obese, and these numbers are
tripling in the US
, PSYC 3400 Final Exam
Physical growth starts to decline so a
Why do people typically gain weight dur-
calorie reduction is necessary, but most
ing young adulthood?
people don't change eating
A response to events that threaten or
What is stress? challenge an individual. Triggered by
pleasant and unpleasant events
Evaluating stressors, how you are evalu-
ating stressor itself to decide if its posi-
What is a primary appraisal of stress?
tive or negative/whether you should wor-
ry about it
Asking yourself if you can handle it, cop-
What is a secondary appraisal of stress?
ing mechanisms/resources
Stress increases risk of becoming ill and
can make recovery more difficult, also
lessens ability to cope with future stress.
What are the consequences of stress?
Stress can also trigger psychosomatic
disorders (rheumatoid arthritis and ul-
cers)
Attempting to control the situation, trying
to directly manage stress by taking con-
Problem-focused coping
trol of the situation (spending extra time
studying for a test to reduce stress)
Positive outlook, handling emotions re-
lated to stressor itself (focusing on ben-
Emotion-focused efits of socializing when sending child
to daycare instead of staying home with
them)
Going to others for comfort and assis-
Social support
tance
Don't want to deal with it but are
still thinking about stressors, subcon-
Defensive coping scious coping, emotional insulation (us-
ing drugs or alcohol to avoid emo-
tions/stressor)
Hardiness and take charge people who
embrace life's challenges. Acts as a pro-
, PSYC 3400 Final Exam
What personality characteristics are as- tective factor to high stress and are less
sociated with a lower rate of stress-relat- likely to experience long term stress be-
ed illness? cause of positive outlook
Cognitive development beyond Piaget's
What is postformal thought? formal operational stage, addresses how
we should handle complex situations
How does thinking change during young
adulthood? Specifically during college
years
cognitive tendency to see situations
Dualistic thinking and issues in polarized, absolute,
black-and-white terms
Points of view have no absolute right or
wrong, there's a subjective value. Individ-
Relativistic thinking
uals could have different views but all are
relevant and correct
Interest/appreciation of debating/argu-
Dialectical thinking
ing. Using arguments to establish truth
Loneliness, anxiety, and depression due
to college experience. Those who experi-
ences high status in high school and first
What is the first-year college adjustment
generation students are at the highest
reaction and who is impacted the most
risk. Passes for most people as friends
by it?
are made. Only 58% graduate in 6 years
because of family, academics, financial
reasons
What time period is emergent adulthood Ages 18 to late 20s. Technically an adult
covering and why is it special from the and have more freedom than before, but
rest of adulthood, but different from ado- still lack some qualities to be successful
lescence? on own and be a "real adult"
Continued identity exploration, instability
(in between life plans), self-focus (free-
5 features marking emerging adulthood dom to focus on yourself), feeling "in be-
tween" (not a child but not an adult, un-
certainty and uneasiness), optimism
