Test Bank w
PRINCIPLES OF w w
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY w
FOURTH EDITION w
Cindy L. Stanfield
w w
University of South Alabama
w w w
with contributions by
w w
David Kurjiaka w
Ohio University
w
BenjaminwCummings
Bostonw Columbusw Indianapolisw NewwYorkw SanwFranciscow UpperwSaddlewRi
verwAmsterdamw CapewTownw Dubaiw Londonw Madridw Milanw Munichw Parisw Montréalw
TorontowDelhiw MexicowCityw SãowPaulow Sydneyw HongwKongw Seoulw Singapore w Taipeiw
Tokyo
,Senior wAcquisitions wEditor:wDeirdrewEspinoza
AssistantwEditor:wShannonwCuttwMana
gingwEditor:wDeborahwCoganwProducti
onwSupervisor: wDavidwChavezwCompo
sition:wTamarackwSoftwarewCoverwDes
igner:w17thwStreetwStudios
Senior wManufacturing wBuyer: wStaceyw Weinberger
MarketingwManager: wDerekwPerrigo
Copyrightw©w2011wPearsonwEducation, wInc.,wpublishingwaswPearsonwBenjaminwCummings,w1301wSansomewSt.,wSanwF
rancisco,wCAw94111.wAllwrightswreserved.wManufacturedwinwthewUnitedwStateswofwAmerica.wThiswpublicationwiswprote
ctedwbywCopyrightwandwpermissionwshouldwbewobtainedwfromwthewpublisherwpriorwtowanywprohibitedwreproduction, wsto
ragewinwawretrievalwsystem,worwtransmissionwinwanywformworwbywanywmeans,welectronic,wmechanical,wphotocopying, wre
cording,worwlikewise.wTowobtainwpermission(s)wtowusewmaterialwfromwthiswwork,wpleasewsubmitwawwrittenwrequestwtowP
earsonwEducation, wInc.,wPermissions wDepartment,w1900wE.wLakewAve.,wGlenview,wILw60025.wForwinformationwregardi
ngwpermissions, wcallw(847)w486-2635.
Manywofwthewdesignations wusedwbywmanufacturerswandwsellerswtowdistinguishwtheirwproductswarewclaimedwaswtrademark
s.wWherewthosewdesignations wappearwinwthiswbook,wandwthewpublisher wwaswawarewofwawtrademarkwclaim,wthewdesignatio
nswhavewbeenwprintedwinwinitialwcapsworwallwcaps.
PearsonwBenjaminwCummingsTMwiswawtrademark,winwthewU.S.wand/orwotherwcountries, wofwPearsonwEducation,wInc.worw
itswaffiliates.
ISBN: w0321661486
ISBN: w9780321661487
1w 2w 3w 4w 5w 6w 7w 8w 9w 10w–wSCIw 11 w 10w 09w 08w 07
www.aw-bc.com
,Preface
WewcreatedwthiswTestwBankwtowprovidewawvarietywofwexamwquestionswforwinstructorswusingwthewF
ourthwEditionwofwPrincipleswofwHumanwPhysiology,wbywCindywL.wStanfield.wForweachwchapter,wwew
developedwfivewstyleswofwquestions,wwhichwarewratedwforwdifficultywonwawscalewofw2wthoughw9.wT
hewquestionwstylesware:
• MultiplewChoice
• True/False
• Matching
• Essay
• ShortwAnswer
ThewTestwBankwprovideswinstructorswwithwawvarietywofwquestionswforweachwchapterwinwthewte
xtbook.wThewrangewofwdifficultywiswbased,wforwthewmostwpart,wonwthewextentwofwintegrationwrequir
edwofwthewstudentwtowanswerwthewquestions.
ThewTestwBankwiswavailablewinwelectronicwformatwthroughwthewTestGenwsoftware,wwhichwprov
ideswinstructorswwithwanwintuitive,wuser‐
friendlywinterfacewwithwmaximumwflexibilitywinwthewdevelopmentwofwexams.wThewsoftwarewprovi
dedwtowinstructorswiswthewsamewaswthatwusedwtowgeneratewthewTestwBank.wTherefore,winstructorswh
avewseveralwoptionswforwdevelopingwtheirwexams:wtheywcanwusewthewquestionswprovidedwinwthewTe
stwBank,weditwthewquestionswfromwthewTestwBank,worwgeneratewnewwquestionswthatwcanwbewadded
wtowthe wTestwBank. wAnwinteractive wMacintoshwand wWindowswCD‐
ROMwversionwofwthewTestwBankwiswavailable,wwhichwwillwallowwyouwtoweasilywalterwthewquestions
wprovidedworwaddwnewwquestionswtowfit.wVisitwthewAddisonwWesley/BenjaminwCummingwcatalogw
pagewtowdownloadwthewelectronicwversionwofwthiswprintedwTestwBankwandwotherwavailablewinstruc
torwsupplementswatwwww.aw‐bc.com.
IwappreciatewanywfeedbackwfromwinstructorswusingwthewTestwBank.wInwparticular,wIwamwintere
stedwinwfeedbackwonwpotentialwrevisionswtowTestwBankwquestionswandwdifficultywratings,waswwell
waswanywnewwquestionswinstructorswmightwsuggest. wPlease wsend wthese wtowmewinwcarewofwthe wpub
lisher.
CindywL.wStanfieldwc
/owAppliedwSciences
wBenjaminwCummin
gsw1301wSansomewSt
reet
SanwFrancisco,wCAw94111
, Contents
Chapterw1 IntroductionwtowPhysiology ................................................................................................ 1
Chapterw2 ThewCell:wStructurewandwFunction................................................................................... 20
Chapterw3 CellwMetabolism ................................................................................................................. 60
Chapterw4 CellwMembranewTransport ............................................................................................... 93
Chapterw5 ChemicalwMessengers...................................................................................................... 124
Chapterw6 ThewEndocrinewSystem:wEndocrinewGlandswandwHormonewActions ....................... 148
Chapterw7 NervewCellswandwElectricalwSignaling ........................................................................... 163
Chapterw8 SynapticwTransmissionwandwNeuralwIntegration ......................................................... 192
Chapterw9 ThewNervouswSystem:wCentralwNervouswSystem ........................................................ 222
Chapterw10 ThewNervouswSystem:wSensorywSystems ...................................................................... 262
Chapterw11 ThewNervouswSystem:wAutonomicwandwMotorwSystems ........................................... 308
Chapterw12 MusclewPhysiology .......................................................................................................... 329
Chapterw13 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wCardiacwFunction ......................................................... 363
Chapterw14 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wBloodwVessels,wBloodwFlow,wandwBloodwPressure .. 396
Chapterw15 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wBlood .............................................................................. 432
Chapterw16 ThewRespiratorywSystem:wPulmonarywVentilation ...................................................... 450
Chapterw17 ThewRespiratorywSystem:wGaswExchangewandwRegulationwofwBreathing................. 475
Chapterw18 ThewUrinarywSystem:wRenalwFunction .......................................................................... 510
Chapterw19 ThewUrinarywSystem:wFluidwandwElectrolytewBalance ................................................ 544
Chapterw20 ThewGastrointestinalwSystem .......................................................................................... 583
Chapterw21 ThewEndocrinewSystem:wRegulationwofwEnergywMetabolismwandwGrowth ............ 625
Chapterw22 ThewReproductivewSystem .............................................................................................. 665
Chapterw23 ThewImmunewSystem. ...................................................................................................... 703
Chapterw24 DiabeteswMellitus ............................................................................................................. 734
PRINCIPLES OF w w
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY w
FOURTH EDITION w
Cindy L. Stanfield
w w
University of South Alabama
w w w
with contributions by
w w
David Kurjiaka w
Ohio University
w
BenjaminwCummings
Bostonw Columbusw Indianapolisw NewwYorkw SanwFranciscow UpperwSaddlewRi
verwAmsterdamw CapewTownw Dubaiw Londonw Madridw Milanw Munichw Parisw Montréalw
TorontowDelhiw MexicowCityw SãowPaulow Sydneyw HongwKongw Seoulw Singapore w Taipeiw
Tokyo
,Senior wAcquisitions wEditor:wDeirdrewEspinoza
AssistantwEditor:wShannonwCuttwMana
gingwEditor:wDeborahwCoganwProducti
onwSupervisor: wDavidwChavezwCompo
sition:wTamarackwSoftwarewCoverwDes
igner:w17thwStreetwStudios
Senior wManufacturing wBuyer: wStaceyw Weinberger
MarketingwManager: wDerekwPerrigo
Copyrightw©w2011wPearsonwEducation, wInc.,wpublishingwaswPearsonwBenjaminwCummings,w1301wSansomewSt.,wSanwF
rancisco,wCAw94111.wAllwrightswreserved.wManufacturedwinwthewUnitedwStateswofwAmerica.wThiswpublicationwiswprote
ctedwbywCopyrightwandwpermissionwshouldwbewobtainedwfromwthewpublisherwpriorwtowanywprohibitedwreproduction, wsto
ragewinwawretrievalwsystem,worwtransmissionwinwanywformworwbywanywmeans,welectronic,wmechanical,wphotocopying, wre
cording,worwlikewise.wTowobtainwpermission(s)wtowusewmaterialwfromwthiswwork,wpleasewsubmitwawwrittenwrequestwtowP
earsonwEducation, wInc.,wPermissions wDepartment,w1900wE.wLakewAve.,wGlenview,wILw60025.wForwinformationwregardi
ngwpermissions, wcallw(847)w486-2635.
Manywofwthewdesignations wusedwbywmanufacturerswandwsellerswtowdistinguishwtheirwproductswarewclaimedwaswtrademark
s.wWherewthosewdesignations wappearwinwthiswbook,wandwthewpublisher wwaswawarewofwawtrademarkwclaim,wthewdesignatio
nswhavewbeenwprintedwinwinitialwcapsworwallwcaps.
PearsonwBenjaminwCummingsTMwiswawtrademark,winwthewU.S.wand/orwotherwcountries, wofwPearsonwEducation,wInc.worw
itswaffiliates.
ISBN: w0321661486
ISBN: w9780321661487
1w 2w 3w 4w 5w 6w 7w 8w 9w 10w–wSCIw 11 w 10w 09w 08w 07
www.aw-bc.com
,Preface
WewcreatedwthiswTestwBankwtowprovidewawvarietywofwexamwquestionswforwinstructorswusingwthewF
ourthwEditionwofwPrincipleswofwHumanwPhysiology,wbywCindywL.wStanfield.wForweachwchapter,wwew
developedwfivewstyleswofwquestions,wwhichwarewratedwforwdifficultywonwawscalewofw2wthoughw9.wT
hewquestionwstylesware:
• MultiplewChoice
• True/False
• Matching
• Essay
• ShortwAnswer
ThewTestwBankwprovideswinstructorswwithwawvarietywofwquestionswforweachwchapterwinwthewte
xtbook.wThewrangewofwdifficultywiswbased,wforwthewmostwpart,wonwthewextentwofwintegrationwrequir
edwofwthewstudentwtowanswerwthewquestions.
ThewTestwBankwiswavailablewinwelectronicwformatwthroughwthewTestGenwsoftware,wwhichwprov
ideswinstructorswwithwanwintuitive,wuser‐
friendlywinterfacewwithwmaximumwflexibilitywinwthewdevelopmentwofwexams.wThewsoftwarewprovi
dedwtowinstructorswiswthewsamewaswthatwusedwtowgeneratewthewTestwBank.wTherefore,winstructorswh
avewseveralwoptionswforwdevelopingwtheirwexams:wtheywcanwusewthewquestionswprovidedwinwthewTe
stwBank,weditwthewquestionswfromwthewTestwBank,worwgeneratewnewwquestionswthatwcanwbewadded
wtowthe wTestwBank. wAnwinteractive wMacintoshwand wWindowswCD‐
ROMwversionwofwthewTestwBankwiswavailable,wwhichwwillwallowwyouwtoweasilywalterwthewquestions
wprovidedworwaddwnewwquestionswtowfit.wVisitwthewAddisonwWesley/BenjaminwCummingwcatalogw
pagewtowdownloadwthewelectronicwversionwofwthiswprintedwTestwBankwandwotherwavailablewinstruc
torwsupplementswatwwww.aw‐bc.com.
IwappreciatewanywfeedbackwfromwinstructorswusingwthewTestwBank.wInwparticular,wIwamwintere
stedwinwfeedbackwonwpotentialwrevisionswtowTestwBankwquestionswandwdifficultywratings,waswwell
waswanywnewwquestionswinstructorswmightwsuggest. wPlease wsend wthese wtowmewinwcarewofwthe wpub
lisher.
CindywL.wStanfieldwc
/owAppliedwSciences
wBenjaminwCummin
gsw1301wSansomewSt
reet
SanwFrancisco,wCAw94111
, Contents
Chapterw1 IntroductionwtowPhysiology ................................................................................................ 1
Chapterw2 ThewCell:wStructurewandwFunction................................................................................... 20
Chapterw3 CellwMetabolism ................................................................................................................. 60
Chapterw4 CellwMembranewTransport ............................................................................................... 93
Chapterw5 ChemicalwMessengers...................................................................................................... 124
Chapterw6 ThewEndocrinewSystem:wEndocrinewGlandswandwHormonewActions ....................... 148
Chapterw7 NervewCellswandwElectricalwSignaling ........................................................................... 163
Chapterw8 SynapticwTransmissionwandwNeuralwIntegration ......................................................... 192
Chapterw9 ThewNervouswSystem:wCentralwNervouswSystem ........................................................ 222
Chapterw10 ThewNervouswSystem:wSensorywSystems ...................................................................... 262
Chapterw11 ThewNervouswSystem:wAutonomicwandwMotorwSystems ........................................... 308
Chapterw12 MusclewPhysiology .......................................................................................................... 329
Chapterw13 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wCardiacwFunction ......................................................... 363
Chapterw14 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wBloodwVessels,wBloodwFlow,wandwBloodwPressure .. 396
Chapterw15 ThewCardiovascularwSystem:wBlood .............................................................................. 432
Chapterw16 ThewRespiratorywSystem:wPulmonarywVentilation ...................................................... 450
Chapterw17 ThewRespiratorywSystem:wGaswExchangewandwRegulationwofwBreathing................. 475
Chapterw18 ThewUrinarywSystem:wRenalwFunction .......................................................................... 510
Chapterw19 ThewUrinarywSystem:wFluidwandwElectrolytewBalance ................................................ 544
Chapterw20 ThewGastrointestinalwSystem .......................................................................................... 583
Chapterw21 ThewEndocrinewSystem:wRegulationwofwEnergywMetabolismwandwGrowth ............ 625
Chapterw22 ThewReproductivewSystem .............................................................................................. 665
Chapterw23 ThewImmunewSystem. ...................................................................................................... 703
Chapterw24 DiabeteswMellitus ............................................................................................................. 734
