NUR 1141 - EXAM 3 REVIEW
NUR 1141 Exam 3 Review 11/13/24 Nursing Math & Pharmacology (Miami
Dade College)
Cholesterol Medications:
- Bile-acid sequestrants:
o Prevalite, Questran
Side Effects:
• Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, cramping
• Constipation, flatulence, steatorrhea
• GI bleeding/distention, peptic ulcer Folate deficiency
- Fibrates (Fibric acid) o Clofibrate, Fenofibrate, Lopid Side Effects:
• Dizziness, headache
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Cholelithiasis, elevated hepatic enzymes
- Niacin
o Nicotinic acid
Side Effects:
• Dizziness, headache
• Hypotension, edema, weakness
• GI distress, flushing, liver damage
• Hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia - Cholesterol
absorption inhibitor – *** Statins ***
o Lipitor (Atorvastatin), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Crestor (Rosuvastatin), Simvastatin
(Zocor)
Side Effects:
• Headache, fatigue
• GI distress, abdominal pain
• Cataracts, hyperglycemia
• Rhabdomyolysis, muscle cramps
***Abrupt discontinuation may cause rebound effect***
pg. 1
, NUR 1141 - EXAM 3 REVIEW
Atorvastatin – Serious adverse reaction could be Rhabdomyolysis (Muscle Cramps), Patients should void
grapefruit and grapefruit juice because it can increase the amount of atorvastatin in the body.
Statins are recommended to be taken at night because it improves medications absorption and aligns
with the body’s natural rhythm of cholesterol production. This leads to better cholesterol reduction.
Lipid (Total Cholesterol) Values:
- Cholesterol – below 200
- LDL (Bad) – below 100
- Triglycerides – below 150 - HDL (Good) – above 40
Nitrates (Antianginal Drug)
- Sublingual nitroglycerin – Is used to treat episodes of angina (chest pain) in people who have
coronary artery disease. It is a vasodilator. Works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart
does not need to work as hard, therefore does not need as much oxygen.
*** Should not be abruptly discontinued. ***
Loop Diuretics
- Lasix (Furosemide) – *** LOOP DIURETICS ***
o Excrete sodium, water, potassium, calcium, magnesium.
Side Effects:
• Electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia
• Dizziness, headache, weakness, muscle cramps
• Orthostatic hypotension, hypercholesterolemia
• Hyperuricemia, hearing loss, metabolic alkalosis
• Photosensitivity, skin disturbances
*** Administering IV Lasix (Furosemide) should be done slowly. Hearing loss may occur if it is rapidly
injected. Should be administered over a one-minute period. The nurse should monitor patients for
hypokalemia. ***
*** Monitor potassium levels, especially when a patient is taking digoxin. ***
pg. 2
NUR 1141 Exam 3 Review 11/13/24 Nursing Math & Pharmacology (Miami
Dade College)
Cholesterol Medications:
- Bile-acid sequestrants:
o Prevalite, Questran
Side Effects:
• Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, cramping
• Constipation, flatulence, steatorrhea
• GI bleeding/distention, peptic ulcer Folate deficiency
- Fibrates (Fibric acid) o Clofibrate, Fenofibrate, Lopid Side Effects:
• Dizziness, headache
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Cholelithiasis, elevated hepatic enzymes
- Niacin
o Nicotinic acid
Side Effects:
• Dizziness, headache
• Hypotension, edema, weakness
• GI distress, flushing, liver damage
• Hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia - Cholesterol
absorption inhibitor – *** Statins ***
o Lipitor (Atorvastatin), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Crestor (Rosuvastatin), Simvastatin
(Zocor)
Side Effects:
• Headache, fatigue
• GI distress, abdominal pain
• Cataracts, hyperglycemia
• Rhabdomyolysis, muscle cramps
***Abrupt discontinuation may cause rebound effect***
pg. 1
, NUR 1141 - EXAM 3 REVIEW
Atorvastatin – Serious adverse reaction could be Rhabdomyolysis (Muscle Cramps), Patients should void
grapefruit and grapefruit juice because it can increase the amount of atorvastatin in the body.
Statins are recommended to be taken at night because it improves medications absorption and aligns
with the body’s natural rhythm of cholesterol production. This leads to better cholesterol reduction.
Lipid (Total Cholesterol) Values:
- Cholesterol – below 200
- LDL (Bad) – below 100
- Triglycerides – below 150 - HDL (Good) – above 40
Nitrates (Antianginal Drug)
- Sublingual nitroglycerin – Is used to treat episodes of angina (chest pain) in people who have
coronary artery disease. It is a vasodilator. Works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart
does not need to work as hard, therefore does not need as much oxygen.
*** Should not be abruptly discontinued. ***
Loop Diuretics
- Lasix (Furosemide) – *** LOOP DIURETICS ***
o Excrete sodium, water, potassium, calcium, magnesium.
Side Effects:
• Electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia
• Dizziness, headache, weakness, muscle cramps
• Orthostatic hypotension, hypercholesterolemia
• Hyperuricemia, hearing loss, metabolic alkalosis
• Photosensitivity, skin disturbances
*** Administering IV Lasix (Furosemide) should be done slowly. Hearing loss may occur if it is rapidly
injected. Should be administered over a one-minute period. The nurse should monitor patients for
hypokalemia. ***
*** Monitor potassium levels, especially when a patient is taking digoxin. ***
pg. 2
