TEST BANK g
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
G G G G G G G G
8th Edition
g
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
g g g g g
, g 2
Contents
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology .......................................................................................................................... 4
Chapterg02:gAlteredgCellulargandgTissuegBiology:gEnvironmentalgAgents ..................................................... 18
Chapterg03:gThegCellulargEnvironment:gFluidsgandgElectrolytes,gAcidsgandgBases ........................................ 31
Chapterg04:gGenesgandgGeneticgDiseases..................................................................................................... 44
Chapterg05:gGenes,gEnvironment-Lifestyle,gandgCommongDiseases ............................................................ 55
Chapterg06:gEpigeneticsgandgDisease ........................................................................................................... 63
Chapterg07:gInnategImmunity:gInflammationgandgWoundgHealing ............................................................... 68
Chapterg08:gAdaptivegImmunity................................................................................................................... 83
Chapterg09:gAlterationsgingImmunitygandgInflammation .............................................................................. 95
Chapterg10:gInfection ................................................................................................................................. 108
Chapterg11:gStressgandgDisease .................................................................................................................. 117
Chapterg12:gCancergBiology ....................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterg13:gCancergEpidemiology.............................................................................................................. 137
Chapterg14:gCancergingChildren .................................................................................................................. 143
Chapterg15:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegNeurologicgSystem .................................................................. 148
Chapterg16:gPain,gTemperaturegRegulation,gSleep,gandgSensorygFunction ................................................. 159
Chapterg17:gAlterationsgingCognitivegSystems,gCerebralgHemodynamics,gandgMotorgFunction ................. 174
Chapterg18:gDisordersgofgthegCentralgandgPeripheralgNervousgSystemsgandgthegNeuromusculargJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapterg19:gNeurobiologygofgSchizophrenia,gMoodgDisorders,gandgAnxietygDisorders .............................. 199
Chapterg20:gAlterationsgofgNeurologicgFunctiongingChildren ...................................................................... 206
Chapterg21:gMechanismsgofgHormonalgRegulation .................................................................................... 213
Chapterg22:gAlterationsgofgHormonalgRegulation ...................................................................................... 222
Chapterg23:gObesitygandgDisordersgofgNutrition......................................................................................... 234
Chapterg24:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegReproductivegSystems ............................................................ 239
Chapterg25:gAlterationsgofgthegFemalegReproductivegSystem .................................................................... 249
Chapterg26:gAlterationsgofgthegMalegReproductivegSystem........................................................................ 259
Chapterg27:gSexuallygTransmittedgInfections ............................................................................................. 265
Chapterg28:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegHematologicgSystem ............................................................... 273
Chapterg29:gAlterationsgofgErythrocytes,gPlatelets,gandgHemostaticgFunction ........................................... 283
, g 3
Chapterg30:gAlterationsgofgLeukocytegandgLymphoidgFunction .................................................................. 293
Chapterg31:gAlterationsgofgHematologicgFunctiongingChildren ................................................................... 300
Chapterg32:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegCardiovasculargandgLymphaticgSystems .................................. 311
Chapterg33:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunction .................................................................................. 324
Chapterg34:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunctiongingChildren ................................................................ 338
Chapterg35:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegPulmonarygSystem.................................................................. 346
Chapterg36:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunction ........................................................................................ 356
Chapterg37:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunctiongingChildren ...................................................................... 373
Chapterg38:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegRenalgandgUrologicgSystems.................................................... 381
Chapterg39:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunction .................................................................... 391
Chapterg40:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunctiongingChildren .................................................. 401
Chapterg41:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegDigestivegSystem..................................................................... 409
Chapterg42:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunction ........................................................................................... 421
Chapterg43:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunctiongingChildren ......................................................................... 432
Chapterg44:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegMusculoskeletalgSystem ......................................................... 441
Chapterg45:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunction ................................................................................ 453
Chapterg46:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunctiongingChildren .............................................................. 466
Chapterg47:gStructure,gFunction,gandgDisordersgofgthegIntegument ........................................................... 475
Chapterg48:gAlterationsgofgthegIntegumentgingChildren.............................................................................. 486
Chapterg49:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingAdults ...................................... 494
Chapterg50:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingChildren ................................... 502
, TestgBankg-gPathophysiology:gThegBiologicgBasisgforgDiseasegingAdultsgandgChildreng(8th)g g 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
g g g
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes.
c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
d. Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:g C
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfromgtheirgsurrounding
s.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescriptionsgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
2. Wheregisgmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofgRNA,gmostgofgth
egcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegmitochondriagaregresponsi
blegforgcellulargrespirationgandgenergygproduction.
Ribosomes’gchiefgfunctiongisgtogprovidegsitesgforgcellulargproteingsynthesis.gLysosomesgfunctionga
sgthegintracellulargdigestivegsystem.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
3. Whichgcomponentgofgthegcellgproducesghydrogengperoxideg(H2O2)gbygusinggoxygengtogremovegh
ydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:g B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
G G G G G G G G
8th Edition
g
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
g g g g g
, g 2
Contents
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology .......................................................................................................................... 4
Chapterg02:gAlteredgCellulargandgTissuegBiology:gEnvironmentalgAgents ..................................................... 18
Chapterg03:gThegCellulargEnvironment:gFluidsgandgElectrolytes,gAcidsgandgBases ........................................ 31
Chapterg04:gGenesgandgGeneticgDiseases..................................................................................................... 44
Chapterg05:gGenes,gEnvironment-Lifestyle,gandgCommongDiseases ............................................................ 55
Chapterg06:gEpigeneticsgandgDisease ........................................................................................................... 63
Chapterg07:gInnategImmunity:gInflammationgandgWoundgHealing ............................................................... 68
Chapterg08:gAdaptivegImmunity................................................................................................................... 83
Chapterg09:gAlterationsgingImmunitygandgInflammation .............................................................................. 95
Chapterg10:gInfection ................................................................................................................................. 108
Chapterg11:gStressgandgDisease .................................................................................................................. 117
Chapterg12:gCancergBiology ....................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterg13:gCancergEpidemiology.............................................................................................................. 137
Chapterg14:gCancergingChildren .................................................................................................................. 143
Chapterg15:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegNeurologicgSystem .................................................................. 148
Chapterg16:gPain,gTemperaturegRegulation,gSleep,gandgSensorygFunction ................................................. 159
Chapterg17:gAlterationsgingCognitivegSystems,gCerebralgHemodynamics,gandgMotorgFunction ................. 174
Chapterg18:gDisordersgofgthegCentralgandgPeripheralgNervousgSystemsgandgthegNeuromusculargJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapterg19:gNeurobiologygofgSchizophrenia,gMoodgDisorders,gandgAnxietygDisorders .............................. 199
Chapterg20:gAlterationsgofgNeurologicgFunctiongingChildren ...................................................................... 206
Chapterg21:gMechanismsgofgHormonalgRegulation .................................................................................... 213
Chapterg22:gAlterationsgofgHormonalgRegulation ...................................................................................... 222
Chapterg23:gObesitygandgDisordersgofgNutrition......................................................................................... 234
Chapterg24:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegReproductivegSystems ............................................................ 239
Chapterg25:gAlterationsgofgthegFemalegReproductivegSystem .................................................................... 249
Chapterg26:gAlterationsgofgthegMalegReproductivegSystem........................................................................ 259
Chapterg27:gSexuallygTransmittedgInfections ............................................................................................. 265
Chapterg28:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegHematologicgSystem ............................................................... 273
Chapterg29:gAlterationsgofgErythrocytes,gPlatelets,gandgHemostaticgFunction ........................................... 283
, g 3
Chapterg30:gAlterationsgofgLeukocytegandgLymphoidgFunction .................................................................. 293
Chapterg31:gAlterationsgofgHematologicgFunctiongingChildren ................................................................... 300
Chapterg32:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegCardiovasculargandgLymphaticgSystems .................................. 311
Chapterg33:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunction .................................................................................. 324
Chapterg34:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunctiongingChildren ................................................................ 338
Chapterg35:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegPulmonarygSystem.................................................................. 346
Chapterg36:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunction ........................................................................................ 356
Chapterg37:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunctiongingChildren ...................................................................... 373
Chapterg38:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegRenalgandgUrologicgSystems.................................................... 381
Chapterg39:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunction .................................................................... 391
Chapterg40:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunctiongingChildren .................................................. 401
Chapterg41:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegDigestivegSystem..................................................................... 409
Chapterg42:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunction ........................................................................................... 421
Chapterg43:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunctiongingChildren ......................................................................... 432
Chapterg44:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegMusculoskeletalgSystem ......................................................... 441
Chapterg45:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunction ................................................................................ 453
Chapterg46:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunctiongingChildren .............................................................. 466
Chapterg47:gStructure,gFunction,gandgDisordersgofgthegIntegument ........................................................... 475
Chapterg48:gAlterationsgofgthegIntegumentgingChildren.............................................................................. 486
Chapterg49:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingAdults ...................................... 494
Chapterg50:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingChildren ................................... 502
, TestgBankg-gPathophysiology:gThegBiologicgBasisgforgDiseasegingAdultsgandgChildreng(8th)g g 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
g g g
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes.
c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
d. Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:g C
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfromgtheirgsurrounding
s.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescriptionsgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
2. Wheregisgmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofgRNA,gmostgofgth
egcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegmitochondriagaregresponsi
blegforgcellulargrespirationgandgenergygproduction.
Ribosomes’gchiefgfunctiongisgtogprovidegsitesgforgcellulargproteingsynthesis.gLysosomesgfunctionga
sgthegintracellulargdigestivegsystem.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
3. Whichgcomponentgofgthegcellgproducesghydrogengperoxideg(H2O2)gbygusinggoxygengtogremovegh
ydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:g B
