BIO 210 GENETICS FINAL EXAM NEWEST VERSION ALL WITH 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS JUST RELEASED

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BIO 210: GENETICS FINAL EXAM NEWEST
VERSION ALL WITH 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS JUST RELEASED

Question: What is an anticodon? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔An anticodon is the three unpaired
bases on a tRNA that is complementary to one mRNA.




Question: What is the orientation of the codon to the anticodon? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔They
are antiparallel to one another




Question: What is the difference between degeneracy and wobble in the genetic code? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Wobbly says that the codon's third nucleotide can be changed while still
yielding the same amino acid (the same tRNA can bind to different codons)




Degeneracy says that different codons can code for the same amino acid




Question: What are the 3 codons that represent STOP? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔UAA, UAG, UGA




Question: What is the chemical composition of an amino acid? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Amino
group, carboxyl group, central carbon, and a variable R-group

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Question: How are amino acids linked in chains to form a protein? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Peptide bond caused by peptidyl transferase




Question: Describe the structure and function of rRNA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Ribosomal RNA-
forms the two subunits in a ribosome along with proteins.




The ribosome moves along the mRNA strand during proteins synthesis.




rRNA in the ribosome helps to catalyse the formation of peptide bonds between the amino
acids.




Question: What are the 4 types of R groups for Amino Acids? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Acidic,
basic, polar, and non-polar




Question: What is the role of the anticodon site? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Located on the tRNA,
the anticodon site is where complementary codon is bound to the anticodon connected to the
tRNA. When the codon and anticodon bind, the amino acid is "dropped" and joined to the
polypeptide chain




Question: What is the role of the acceptor site? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Located on the
ribosome, the acceptor site accepts the tRNA and binds to anticodon site

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Question: What are the small and large subunits within translation? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Small subunit decoded the genetic message




Large subunit catalyzes polypeptide formation




Question: What occurs at the A-site in translation? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔accepts a tRNA w/
amino acid




Question: A nucleotide is made up of what 3 components? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔phosphate
group, pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base




Question: What nitrogenous bases are purines - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Adenine and Guanine




Question: What nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cytosine, thymine,
uracil




Question: How can you differentiate between purines and pyrimidines? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔purines are double-ringed while pyrimidines are single-ringed

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Question: What are the differences between DNA and RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔DNA:
double stranded, has deoxyribose sugar(hydroxyl group at 2' carbon), bases: A, T, G, C

RNA: single stranded, has ribose sugar(one oxygen is removed from the 2' Carbon), bases: A, U,
G, C




Question: Nucleoside vs Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔nucleoside: pentose sugar +
nitrogenous base

nucleotide: pentose sugar + nitrogenous base + phosphate group




Question: What type of bonds bind nucleotide chains? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Phosphodiester
bonds




Question: What are the 4 requirements for a molecule to be genetic material? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔1.) Must contain important info to encode hereditary traits

2.) Must be capable of replication

3.) Must be capable of variation by mutation

4.) Must be able to express information




Question: Where are chromosomes located? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cell's nucleus