Foundations of ABA, Exam 2 Review Questions and Correct Answers

Foundations of ABA, Exam 2 Review Questions and Correct Answers Functional relation exists when a well-controlled experiment demonstrates that a specific change in one event (dependent variable) is reliably produced by specific manipulation of another event (independent variable) and that the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of extraneous factors (confounding variables) Stimulus an energy change that effects an organism through its receptor cells Stimulus class any group of stimuli that share a predetermined set of common elements in one or more o these dimensions (size, color, intensity, weight, and/or spatial positions) Antecedent environmental conditions or stimulus changes that occur prior to behavior of interest Behavior any observable or measurable act of an organism Consequence environmental conditions or stimulus changes that occur after the behavior of interest Response class group of responses that have the same function (i.e., produce the same effect on the environment) Four reinforcer dimensions as described by Neef et al. rate, quality, delay, and effort Herrnstein's matching law theorized that choice (i.e., relative preference) may be understood and accurately predicted by examining relative rates of reinforcement associated with each option - calculating responses related to available choices using equation (B1/B1+B2) = (R1/R1+R2) - we perform behaviors in a ratio that matches the ratio of available reinforcement for those behaviors Time-out procedures: (a) time out from positive reinforcement (b) non-exclusion time out (c) participation/select space time out (d) exclusion time out Time out from positive reinforcement withdrawal of the opportunity to earn positive reinforcement, or the loss of access to positive reinforcers for a specified amount of time