Evidence Informed Practice Questions
And Answers
Defining bEvidence b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A btestimony bof bfacts btending bto bprove bor
bdisprove.
Order bof bpower bof bscientific bevidence b- bcorrect banswers✔✔In border bof bstrongest
bto bweakest: bMeta-analysis band bsystematic breviews, bRandomized bcontrol btrials,
bCohort bstudies, bCase-control bstudies, bCross bsectional bstudies, bAnimal band bin bvitro
bstudies, bCase breports, bopinion bpapers band bletters.
Evidence-informed bpractice b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A bclinical bpractice bbased bon ba
bbalance bof bthree belements: bcurrent bscientific bevidence, bclinical bexperience, band
bthe bclient's bwishes.
A bproblem-solving bapproach bto bpractice bthat bintegrates bresearch bevidence bwith
bclinical bexpertise, blocal bdata band bresources, band bpatient bpreferences band bvalues.
Is bmore bsituation bbased bthan bevidence bbased bpractice.
What bare bthe b4 bkey belements bof bthe bEIP bdefinition bwhen badopted bfor bnursing? b-
bcorrect banswers✔✔1. bBest bavailable bevidence bfrom bresearch b
2. bClinical bexpertise b
3. bPatient bpreferences band bvalues b
4. bLocal bdata band bresources
What bis bthe bEIP bprocess b(for buse bin beveryday bnursing)? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Ask, bAcquire, bAppraise, bApply, bAssess b(was bit beffective)
Positivist bParadigm b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bparadigm bunderlying bthe btraditional
bscientific bapproach, bwhich bassumes bthat bthere bis ban borderly breality bthat bcan bbe
bobjectively bstudied; boften bassociated bwith bquantitative bresearch.
- bReality bexists; breal bworld bdriven bby bnatural bcauses
- bResearcher bis bindependent bfrom bthose bbeing bresearched b
- bValues band bbiases bare bto bbe bheld bin bcheck
Constructivist bParadigm b- bcorrect banswers✔✔An balternative bparadigm bto bthe
bpositivist bparadigm bthat bholds bthat bthere bare bmultiple binterpretations bof breality,
,band bthat bthe bgoal bof bresearch bis bto bunderstand bhow bindividuals bconstruct breality
bwithin btheir bcontext; bassociated bwith bqualitative bresearch.
- bReality bis bmultiple band bsubjective b
- bResearcher binteracts bwith bthose bbeing bresearched b
- bSubjectivity band bvalues bare binevitable band bdesired
Characteristics bof bQuantitative bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bOrderly bprocedures
b
- bSystemic/pre-specified bplan
- bControl bover bcontext
- bFormal bmeasurement b
- bEmpirical bevidence b
- bSeeks bgeneralizations
Characteristics bof bQualitative bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bDynamic bdesign b
- bHolistic b
- bContext-bound
- bHumans bas binstruments b
- bQualitative binformation b
- bSeeks bpatterns
Purposes bof bNursing bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bIdentification band
bdescription
- bExploration
- bExplanation
- bPrediction band bcontrol
- bTherapy, btreatment, bor bintervention b(screening/treatment/prevention/promotion)
- bDiagnosis band bassessment
- bPrognosis
- bEtiology b(causation)
- bMeaning band bprocess
Study bsubject bor bparticipant b- bcorrect banswers✔✔people bbeing bstudied bor
bcooperating bin bstudy
Setting b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Is bthe btype bof blocation b(hospital, bclinic, betc)
Study bSite b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The boverall blocation bfor ba bstudy b(e.g., bPortland)
Multisite bstudies b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Occur bin bmultiple bsites band btend bto byield
bmore bdiverse bgroup bof bstudy bparticipants, bpotentially benhancing bgeneralizability bof
bfindings b(the bability bto bapply bthe bfinding bto banother bsetting.)
Concepts b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Abstractions bof bparticular baspects bof bhuman
bbehaviour bor bcharacteristics b(eg. bpain band bweight)
, Constructs b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Slightly bmore bcomplex babstractions b(e.g., bself-
care), bdeliberately binvented bby bthe bresearcher
Theories b- bcorrect banswers✔✔(Explanations bof breality) bknit bconcepts binto ba
bcoherent bsystem bthat bpurports bto bexplain bphenomena.
Independent bVariable b(IV) b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bvariable bthat ba bresearcher
bactively bmanipulates, band bif bthe bhypothesis bis bcorrect, bwill bcause ba bchange bin
bthe bdependent bvariable.
- bThe bpresumed bcause
- bWhat bis bbeing bmanipulated
Dependent bVariable b(DV) b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bresearch bvariable bthat bis
binfluenced bby bthe bindependent bvariable, band bthe bimpact bcan bbe bmeasured.
- bThe bpresumed beffect b
- bIs bwhat bis bbeing bmeasured
Confounding bor bExtraneous bVariables b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Variables bthat bmay
balso bhave binfluence bon bthe boutcome bof ban bexperiment.
- bCan blead bto bbias b(which bis banything bthat binfluentces bthe bresults bof bstudies) b-
bAll bthe bfactors byou bwant bto bcontrol bto bbe bable bto btell bif bthe bindependent bvariable
bis bactually bhaving ban bimpact bon bthe bdependent bvariable
- bShould btry bto brecognize bthem bprior bto bin border bto blimit bthem
Conceptual bdefinition bof ba bvariable b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The babstract bor
btheoretical bmeaning bof ba bconcept bbeing bstudied b(the bdefinition bof ba bconcept) b-
bImportant bto bclearly bstate bthis bin bnursing bb/c bit bcan bhave bmultiple bmeanings bin
bnursing b(ex. bwhat bdoes bit bmean bby bstress? bperception? bexternal bstress?)
Operational bdefinition bof ba bvariable b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Description bof bhow
bvariables bwill bbe bmeasured bor bmanipulated bin ba bstudy
- bthe boperations b(measurements) ba bresearcher bmust bperform bto bmeasure bthe
bconcept band bcollect bthe bdesired binformation b- boften brefers bto bhow bwe bwill
bmeasure band brefers bto btools bused
5 bPhases bof bQualitative bresearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Phase b1: bConceptual
bPhase
Phase b2: bDesign band bPlanning bPhase
Phase b3: bEmpirical bPhase
Phase b4: bAnalytic bPhase
Phase b5: bDissemination bPhase
What boccurs bin bthe bPhase b1: bConceptual bPhase bof bQualitative bresearch b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Defining bthe bresearch bproblem band bquestions band bwhat bwill bactually
bbe bstudied, boften binvolves breviewing bliterature bon bthe btopic bto bsee bwhat bhas
bpreviously bbeen bstudied
And Answers
Defining bEvidence b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A btestimony bof bfacts btending bto bprove bor
bdisprove.
Order bof bpower bof bscientific bevidence b- bcorrect banswers✔✔In border bof bstrongest
bto bweakest: bMeta-analysis band bsystematic breviews, bRandomized bcontrol btrials,
bCohort bstudies, bCase-control bstudies, bCross bsectional bstudies, bAnimal band bin bvitro
bstudies, bCase breports, bopinion bpapers band bletters.
Evidence-informed bpractice b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A bclinical bpractice bbased bon ba
bbalance bof bthree belements: bcurrent bscientific bevidence, bclinical bexperience, band
bthe bclient's bwishes.
A bproblem-solving bapproach bto bpractice bthat bintegrates bresearch bevidence bwith
bclinical bexpertise, blocal bdata band bresources, band bpatient bpreferences band bvalues.
Is bmore bsituation bbased bthan bevidence bbased bpractice.
What bare bthe b4 bkey belements bof bthe bEIP bdefinition bwhen badopted bfor bnursing? b-
bcorrect banswers✔✔1. bBest bavailable bevidence bfrom bresearch b
2. bClinical bexpertise b
3. bPatient bpreferences band bvalues b
4. bLocal bdata band bresources
What bis bthe bEIP bprocess b(for buse bin beveryday bnursing)? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Ask, bAcquire, bAppraise, bApply, bAssess b(was bit beffective)
Positivist bParadigm b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bparadigm bunderlying bthe btraditional
bscientific bapproach, bwhich bassumes bthat bthere bis ban borderly breality bthat bcan bbe
bobjectively bstudied; boften bassociated bwith bquantitative bresearch.
- bReality bexists; breal bworld bdriven bby bnatural bcauses
- bResearcher bis bindependent bfrom bthose bbeing bresearched b
- bValues band bbiases bare bto bbe bheld bin bcheck
Constructivist bParadigm b- bcorrect banswers✔✔An balternative bparadigm bto bthe
bpositivist bparadigm bthat bholds bthat bthere bare bmultiple binterpretations bof breality,
,band bthat bthe bgoal bof bresearch bis bto bunderstand bhow bindividuals bconstruct breality
bwithin btheir bcontext; bassociated bwith bqualitative bresearch.
- bReality bis bmultiple band bsubjective b
- bResearcher binteracts bwith bthose bbeing bresearched b
- bSubjectivity band bvalues bare binevitable band bdesired
Characteristics bof bQuantitative bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bOrderly bprocedures
b
- bSystemic/pre-specified bplan
- bControl bover bcontext
- bFormal bmeasurement b
- bEmpirical bevidence b
- bSeeks bgeneralizations
Characteristics bof bQualitative bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bDynamic bdesign b
- bHolistic b
- bContext-bound
- bHumans bas binstruments b
- bQualitative binformation b
- bSeeks bpatterns
Purposes bof bNursing bResearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔- bIdentification band
bdescription
- bExploration
- bExplanation
- bPrediction band bcontrol
- bTherapy, btreatment, bor bintervention b(screening/treatment/prevention/promotion)
- bDiagnosis band bassessment
- bPrognosis
- bEtiology b(causation)
- bMeaning band bprocess
Study bsubject bor bparticipant b- bcorrect banswers✔✔people bbeing bstudied bor
bcooperating bin bstudy
Setting b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Is bthe btype bof blocation b(hospital, bclinic, betc)
Study bSite b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The boverall blocation bfor ba bstudy b(e.g., bPortland)
Multisite bstudies b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Occur bin bmultiple bsites band btend bto byield
bmore bdiverse bgroup bof bstudy bparticipants, bpotentially benhancing bgeneralizability bof
bfindings b(the bability bto bapply bthe bfinding bto banother bsetting.)
Concepts b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Abstractions bof bparticular baspects bof bhuman
bbehaviour bor bcharacteristics b(eg. bpain band bweight)
, Constructs b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Slightly bmore bcomplex babstractions b(e.g., bself-
care), bdeliberately binvented bby bthe bresearcher
Theories b- bcorrect banswers✔✔(Explanations bof breality) bknit bconcepts binto ba
bcoherent bsystem bthat bpurports bto bexplain bphenomena.
Independent bVariable b(IV) b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bvariable bthat ba bresearcher
bactively bmanipulates, band bif bthe bhypothesis bis bcorrect, bwill bcause ba bchange bin
bthe bdependent bvariable.
- bThe bpresumed bcause
- bWhat bis bbeing bmanipulated
Dependent bVariable b(DV) b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bresearch bvariable bthat bis
binfluenced bby bthe bindependent bvariable, band bthe bimpact bcan bbe bmeasured.
- bThe bpresumed beffect b
- bIs bwhat bis bbeing bmeasured
Confounding bor bExtraneous bVariables b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Variables bthat bmay
balso bhave binfluence bon bthe boutcome bof ban bexperiment.
- bCan blead bto bbias b(which bis banything bthat binfluentces bthe bresults bof bstudies) b-
bAll bthe bfactors byou bwant bto bcontrol bto bbe bable bto btell bif bthe bindependent bvariable
bis bactually bhaving ban bimpact bon bthe bdependent bvariable
- bShould btry bto brecognize bthem bprior bto bin border bto blimit bthem
Conceptual bdefinition bof ba bvariable b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The babstract bor
btheoretical bmeaning bof ba bconcept bbeing bstudied b(the bdefinition bof ba bconcept) b-
bImportant bto bclearly bstate bthis bin bnursing bb/c bit bcan bhave bmultiple bmeanings bin
bnursing b(ex. bwhat bdoes bit bmean bby bstress? bperception? bexternal bstress?)
Operational bdefinition bof ba bvariable b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Description bof bhow
bvariables bwill bbe bmeasured bor bmanipulated bin ba bstudy
- bthe boperations b(measurements) ba bresearcher bmust bperform bto bmeasure bthe
bconcept band bcollect bthe bdesired binformation b- boften brefers bto bhow bwe bwill
bmeasure band brefers bto btools bused
5 bPhases bof bQualitative bresearch b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Phase b1: bConceptual
bPhase
Phase b2: bDesign band bPlanning bPhase
Phase b3: bEmpirical bPhase
Phase b4: bAnalytic bPhase
Phase b5: bDissemination bPhase
What boccurs bin bthe bPhase b1: bConceptual bPhase bof bQualitative bresearch b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Defining bthe bresearch bproblem band bquestions band bwhat bwill bactually
bbe bstudied, boften binvolves breviewing bliterature bon bthe btopic bto bsee bwhat bhas
bpreviously bbeen bstudied
