NRNP 6550 Midterm
Vaccinations and immunosuppression. 2 keypoints
- supply inactive dealers in preference to stay dealers
- might not work as efficaciously
stay virus vaccine sorts
Virus:
- measles
- mumps
- polio (oral)
- rubella
- varicella
- yellow fever
- herpes zoster
Bacteria:
- typhoid
inactive vaccine virus
Virus:
- Hep A and B
- HPV
- influenza
- polio (subq)
- rabies
Bacteria:
- anthrax
- cholera
- diphteria
- Lyme
- meningococcus
- pertussis
- plague
- pneumococcus
- tetanus
Immunization advice influenza
every age, all types (pregnant, diabetes, immunocompromised, etc)
,Immunization recommendation being pregnant and weakened immune gadget
- 1 dose Tdap
- no varicella, zoster, MMR
HIV and vaccinations
Give inactive sellers while CD4 matter is greater than two hundred cells/ mm3
health screening 18 - forty five years
- BMI
- BP (q2years)
- at age 20: fasting lipid profile: general ldl cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides (cardiac trying
out if LDL greater than two hundred or HDL lower than 40)
- annual breast exam, girls
- Pap-smear annually
fitness screening 45 and up
- blood glucose q3years
- 50 and up: colorectal screening (virtual examination yearly, sigmoidscopy q5years,
colonoscopy q10yrs)
- PSA with digital exam annually for males
- mammography q1 -2 yrs
- girls 65 and up: display screen for osteoporosis
top five leading causes of loss of life
1. Coronary heart sickness
2. Most cancers
three. Respiratory sickness
4. Stroke
5. Injuries
Conjunctivitis; definition
-Pink eyey
- Inflammation of conjuctiva (outer layer of eye)
Conjunctivitis: causes
,Chemical, bacterial, viral, allergic, herpetic. Adenovirus is the maximum common purpose,
however micro organism (Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are also
common causes in children.
Conjunctivitis: findings
- redness
- itching
- discharge
- edema eyelid
- may find gonorrhea or chlamydia in eye discharge
Conjunctivitis: control
- cooling
- rule out corneal abrasion
- micro organism: antibiotic solution (gentamicin, neomycin)
- chlamydia: oral tetracycline or erythromycin
- gonorrhea: single dose ceftriaxone
- herpes: check with opthalmologist
Corneal abrasion: definition, motive, findings, treatment
- disruption of cornea (clear masking of eye)
- overseas body/ trauma
- pain, redness, photophobia, decreased visible acuity
- ab ointment: gentamicin, sulfacetamide, eye-patch, ophthalmologist
diabetic retinopathy: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- ocular retinal sickness because of DM
- DM, exac via smoking and HTN (macular edema)
- flashing lighting in vision, blurred vision, black spots, lack of vision, sustained glucose greater
than 130
- Laser remedy for macular edema, smoking cessation, glucose manipulate, BP control
retinal detachment: definition, cause, findings, remedy
- separation of retina and choroid
- trauma, intraocular mass, iris irritation, cataract surgery, DM, sickle cellular
- painless vision modifications, blurred imaginative and prescient, mild flashes, "curtain" over
field of regard, bullous elevation without tears
- ophthalmologist for cryotherapy, laser therapy, vitrectomy. If from trauma: eye patch
, Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion: definition, reason, findings, treatment
- abrupt blockage of retinal artery inflicting surprising imaginative and prescient loss> will
become everlasting with out intervention
- thrombosis/ embolism, arteritis (migraine, older age, afib, DM, HTN, coagulopathies)
- sudden, painless vision loss, slow pupil, cherry-crimson spot at fovea
- EMERGENCY. Put stress on eyelid, heparin, instant consult opthalmolohgist. Take a look at
coagulopathies, check labs for artherosclerotic disorder, blood cultures (endocarditis?),
Glaucoma: definition, motive, findings, treatment
- revolutionary visible loss, first peripherally then centrally: chronic open attitude or actute closed
angle. Optic neuropathy.
- open: an excessive amount of intraocular fluid production without removal. Secondary from
trauma, tumor, or cataracts. Causes: age, steroids, trauma, own family records
- Photophobia, visible blurring, unilateral headache. Increased intraocular stress.Acute closed:
eye ache and visual disturbance with N/V.
- Acute: Emergency. Instant remedy and surgical procedure. Chronic: consult opthalmologist
and monitor. Bimatropost, and beta-blockers. Laser-remedy
Bell's Palsy: definition, purpose, findings, treatment
- surprising self-restricted unilateral facial paralysis
- Idiopathic. Cranial nerve VII (7), occasionally viral reason (herpes), HTN, DM, Lyme's
- Unilateral paralysis of face (can't close eye, top and lower face involved), herpetic lesions,
taste disturbances
- synthetic tears, steroids (to deal with CN 7 infection), antivirals
otitis externa: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- inflammation of the outer ear (swimmers ear)
- water, fungi, bacterial, trauma, viral
- pain with fullnes of ear, itching, edema, otorrhea
- suction of debris, ab and steroid solution in ear, oral ab's (based totally on bld tradition)
otitis media: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- infection of middle ear
- congestion in eustachian tube, respiratory micro organism, neoplasm
- pain, hearing loss, vertigo, nausea, pulsatile otorrhea, red and bulging tympanic membrane,
hollow in tympanic membrane with rupture
- ab's (amoxi - 10 days), analgesic for ache, ENT for recurrent
Vaccinations and immunosuppression. 2 keypoints
- supply inactive dealers in preference to stay dealers
- might not work as efficaciously
stay virus vaccine sorts
Virus:
- measles
- mumps
- polio (oral)
- rubella
- varicella
- yellow fever
- herpes zoster
Bacteria:
- typhoid
inactive vaccine virus
Virus:
- Hep A and B
- HPV
- influenza
- polio (subq)
- rabies
Bacteria:
- anthrax
- cholera
- diphteria
- Lyme
- meningococcus
- pertussis
- plague
- pneumococcus
- tetanus
Immunization advice influenza
every age, all types (pregnant, diabetes, immunocompromised, etc)
,Immunization recommendation being pregnant and weakened immune gadget
- 1 dose Tdap
- no varicella, zoster, MMR
HIV and vaccinations
Give inactive sellers while CD4 matter is greater than two hundred cells/ mm3
health screening 18 - forty five years
- BMI
- BP (q2years)
- at age 20: fasting lipid profile: general ldl cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides (cardiac trying
out if LDL greater than two hundred or HDL lower than 40)
- annual breast exam, girls
- Pap-smear annually
fitness screening 45 and up
- blood glucose q3years
- 50 and up: colorectal screening (virtual examination yearly, sigmoidscopy q5years,
colonoscopy q10yrs)
- PSA with digital exam annually for males
- mammography q1 -2 yrs
- girls 65 and up: display screen for osteoporosis
top five leading causes of loss of life
1. Coronary heart sickness
2. Most cancers
three. Respiratory sickness
4. Stroke
5. Injuries
Conjunctivitis; definition
-Pink eyey
- Inflammation of conjuctiva (outer layer of eye)
Conjunctivitis: causes
,Chemical, bacterial, viral, allergic, herpetic. Adenovirus is the maximum common purpose,
however micro organism (Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are also
common causes in children.
Conjunctivitis: findings
- redness
- itching
- discharge
- edema eyelid
- may find gonorrhea or chlamydia in eye discharge
Conjunctivitis: control
- cooling
- rule out corneal abrasion
- micro organism: antibiotic solution (gentamicin, neomycin)
- chlamydia: oral tetracycline or erythromycin
- gonorrhea: single dose ceftriaxone
- herpes: check with opthalmologist
Corneal abrasion: definition, motive, findings, treatment
- disruption of cornea (clear masking of eye)
- overseas body/ trauma
- pain, redness, photophobia, decreased visible acuity
- ab ointment: gentamicin, sulfacetamide, eye-patch, ophthalmologist
diabetic retinopathy: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- ocular retinal sickness because of DM
- DM, exac via smoking and HTN (macular edema)
- flashing lighting in vision, blurred vision, black spots, lack of vision, sustained glucose greater
than 130
- Laser remedy for macular edema, smoking cessation, glucose manipulate, BP control
retinal detachment: definition, cause, findings, remedy
- separation of retina and choroid
- trauma, intraocular mass, iris irritation, cataract surgery, DM, sickle cellular
- painless vision modifications, blurred imaginative and prescient, mild flashes, "curtain" over
field of regard, bullous elevation without tears
- ophthalmologist for cryotherapy, laser therapy, vitrectomy. If from trauma: eye patch
, Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion: definition, reason, findings, treatment
- abrupt blockage of retinal artery inflicting surprising imaginative and prescient loss> will
become everlasting with out intervention
- thrombosis/ embolism, arteritis (migraine, older age, afib, DM, HTN, coagulopathies)
- sudden, painless vision loss, slow pupil, cherry-crimson spot at fovea
- EMERGENCY. Put stress on eyelid, heparin, instant consult opthalmolohgist. Take a look at
coagulopathies, check labs for artherosclerotic disorder, blood cultures (endocarditis?),
Glaucoma: definition, motive, findings, treatment
- revolutionary visible loss, first peripherally then centrally: chronic open attitude or actute closed
angle. Optic neuropathy.
- open: an excessive amount of intraocular fluid production without removal. Secondary from
trauma, tumor, or cataracts. Causes: age, steroids, trauma, own family records
- Photophobia, visible blurring, unilateral headache. Increased intraocular stress.Acute closed:
eye ache and visual disturbance with N/V.
- Acute: Emergency. Instant remedy and surgical procedure. Chronic: consult opthalmologist
and monitor. Bimatropost, and beta-blockers. Laser-remedy
Bell's Palsy: definition, purpose, findings, treatment
- surprising self-restricted unilateral facial paralysis
- Idiopathic. Cranial nerve VII (7), occasionally viral reason (herpes), HTN, DM, Lyme's
- Unilateral paralysis of face (can't close eye, top and lower face involved), herpetic lesions,
taste disturbances
- synthetic tears, steroids (to deal with CN 7 infection), antivirals
otitis externa: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- inflammation of the outer ear (swimmers ear)
- water, fungi, bacterial, trauma, viral
- pain with fullnes of ear, itching, edema, otorrhea
- suction of debris, ab and steroid solution in ear, oral ab's (based totally on bld tradition)
otitis media: definition, reason, findings, remedy
- infection of middle ear
- congestion in eustachian tube, respiratory micro organism, neoplasm
- pain, hearing loss, vertigo, nausea, pulsatile otorrhea, red and bulging tympanic membrane,
hollow in tympanic membrane with rupture
- ab's (amoxi - 10 days), analgesic for ache, ENT for recurrent
