Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition by Elizabeth Co Test Bank - Your Complete Guide

,Chapter 02j: Introduction to the Human Body

Multiple Choice

1. Whichjofjthejfollowingjdefinitionsjdescribesjthejscientificjstudyjofjhumanjanatomy?
a. Thejstudyjofjthejbody’sjmetabolicjfunctions.
b. Thejstudyjofjthejbody’sjstructures.
c. Thejstudyjofjbody’sjchemicaljprocesses.
d. Thejstudyjofjthejbody’sjmolecularjprocesses.
e. Thejstudyjofjthejbody’sjevolution.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1jOverviewjofjAnatomyjandjPhysiology
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j 2.1.1j-jDefinejthejtermsjanatomyjandjphysiology.

2. Whatjtwojapproachesjdojanatomistsjusejtojstudyjthejbody’sjstructures?
a. regionaljandjsystemic
b. globaljandjdetailed
c. holisticjandjmicroscopic
d. internaljandjexternal
e. activejandjpassive
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1jOverviewjofjAn WaWtoWm.yTaBnS
djM
Ph.yWsS
i ology
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.1.2j-jGivejspecificjexamplesjtojshowjthejinterrelationshipjbetweenjanatomyjand
physiology.

3. Whichjofjthejfollowingjdescribesjthejstudyjofjregionaljanatomy?
a. Thejskinjandjitsjfunctions.
b. Thejinterrelationshipsjofjalljofjthejstructuresjinjajspecificjbodyjregion.
c. Humanjevolutionjbyjregionsjofjthejworld.
d. Thejspecificjfunctionsjofjanjorgan.
e. Chemicaljchangesjinjthejhumanjbody.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1jOverviewjofjAnatomyjandjPhysiology
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.1.2j-
jGivejspecificjexamplesjtojshowjthejinterrelationshipjbetweenjanatomyjandjphysiology.




4. Whichjofjthejfollowingjdescribesjthejstudyjofjsystemicjanatomy?
a. Thejoperationjofjbodyjfunctions.
b. Thejsequencejofjchemicaljreactionsjinjthejbody.
c. Thejstructuresjthatjmakejupjajdiscretejbodyjsystem.
d. Thejevolutionjofjthejhumanjbody.
e. Thejchangesjinjthejbodyjoverjtime.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember

,REFERENCES: 2.1jOverviewjofjAnatomyjandjPhysiology
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.1.2j-
jGivejspecificjexamplesjtojshowjthejinterrelationshipjbetweenjanatomyjandjphysiology.




5. Whatjisjphosphorylation?
a. Thejmostjcommonjformjofjmolecularjregulationjinjanimaljcellsj–
jthejadditionjofjajphosphatejgroupjtojspecificjmolecules.


b. Thejingestionjandjabsorptionjofjexcessivejphosphorusjfromjthejenvironment.
c. Thejproductionjofjexcessivejamountsjofjphosphorusjbyjthejbody.
d. Thejconversionjofjphosphorusjthroughjajseriesjofjreactionsjinjthejenvironment.
e. Thejremovaljofjphosphorusjfromjourjbodies.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.2jStructurejandjFunction
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.2.1j-jDescribe,jcompare,jandjcontrastjvariousjstructure-
functionjrelationshipsjfromjmolecularjtojorganjlevel.

6. Earlyjhumansjevolvedjajrestructuredjpelvisjtojaccommodatejforjwhatjspecificjfunction?
a. increasedjintelligence
b. bipedalism
c. childbirth
d. selfjdefense
e. sensejofjsmelljandjtaste
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.2jStructurejandjFunction
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j 2.2.2j-jRelatejthejcommonlyjfoundjbranchingjstructurejtojfunctionjofjanjorgan.

7. Howjisjhumanjevolutionjdefined?
a. Thejimpactjofjthejearth’sjclimatejonjhumanjdevelopment.
b. Changesjinjhumanjintelligencejoverjtime.
c. Thejdevelopmentjofjcognitivejandjmotorjskillsjoverjtime.
d. Ajchangejinjgenejexpressionjthatjoccursjfromjgenerationjtojgeneration.
e. Thejabilityjtojadaptjtojconstantlyjchangingjenvironments.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3jEvolutionjandjHumanjVariation
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j 2.3.1j-jDefinejthejtermjandjexplainjthejconceptjofjevolution.

8. WhyjdoesjthejbodyjrequirejUVjradiationjfromjsunlight?
a. Tojcontroljthejspreadjofjbacteria.
b. Tojimprovejskinjtonejandjquality.
c. Forjthejproductionjofjproteins.
d. Tojcontroljbloodjflow.
e. ForjthejsynthesisjofjvitaminjD.
ANSWER: e

, DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3jEvolutionjandjHumanjVariation
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.3.2j-
jContrastjthejimpactjofjselectionjonjtraitsjthatjaffectjreproductionjandjtraitsjthatjdojnot;jus

ejthisjtojexplainjexamplesjofjanatomicaljandjphysiologicaljvariation.

9. UVjradiationjfromjsunlightjisjharmfuljtojfolatej(folicjacid)jstructure,jajvitamin.jWhatjisjajreasonjfolatejisjessential?
a. Itjisjessentialjforjskinjcelljgrowthjandjdevelopment.
b. Itjisjessentialjforjsinglejcelljgrowthjandjmuscularjstrength.
c. Itjaidsjinjspermjproductionjandjembryonicjdevelopment.
d. Itjisjimportantjforjeyejsightjandjnightjvision.
e. Itjisjinvolvedjwithjdigestion.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3jEvolutionjandjHumanjVariation
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.3.2j-
jContrastjthejimpactjofjselectionjonjtraitsjthatjaffectjreproductionjandjtraitsjthatjdojnot;jus

ejthisjtojexplainjexamplesjofjanatomicaljandjphysiologicaljvariation.

10. Whatjarejthejthreejtypesjofjgradientsjthatjdrivejflowjinjajphysiologicaljcontext?
a. high,jmedium,jandjlowjgradients
b. elevated,jstandard,jandjreducedjgradients
c. organic,jinorganic,jandjchemicaljgradients
d. concentration,jelectrical,jandjpressurejgradients
e. kinetic,jdynamic,jandjstaticjgradients
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.4jFlow
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j2.4.1j-
jDescribejhowjajgradientjdeterminesjf lowjbetweenjtwojregions,jandjgivejexamplesjofj

gradientsjthatjexistjinjdifferentjlevelsjofjorganizationjinjthejbody.

11. Whatjtypejofjgradientjdrivesjthejflowjofjfluidsjandjgases?
a. concentrationjgradients
b. electricaljgradients
c. pressurejgradients
d. organicjgradients
e. gravitationalj gradients
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:jRemember
REFERENCES: 2.4jFlow
LEARNINGjOBJECTIVES:j 2.4.2j-jPredictjhowjchangesjinjajgradientjwilljaffectjflowjrate.

12. Whichjofjthejfollowingjvariablesjprovidesjresistancejtojflowjratejinjliquidsjandjgases?
a. diameterjandjlengthjofjthejtube
b. speedjofjthejmolecules
c. sizejofjthejmolecules
d. temperaturejofjthejenvironment
e. viscosityjofjthejmedium