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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 3 NR 283 NEWEST 2025
COMPLETE EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
Homeostasis - ..(ANSWER)...Maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
Manifestations - ..(ANSWER)...Clinical evidence with signs & symptoms
- Signs = objective indicators of disease
- Symptoms = subjective feelings
Manifestations (Local) - ..(ANSWER)...At site of the problem (ex. Redness, warmth
at site)
Manifestations (Systemic) - ..(ANSWER)...General indicators of illness (ex. Fever)
Atrophy (muscle) - ..(ANSWER)...Define: a decrease in the size of cells leading to
reduced tissue mass
Cause: reduced use, poor nutrition, decreased hormonal or neurological
stimulation, aging
§ Example: Prolonged bed rest; cast on extremity
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Hypertrophy (heart muscle) - ..(ANSWER)...Define: an increase in the size of cells
leading to an enlarged tissue mass
Causes: overworking the tissue, hormonal stimulation
§ Example: Working out
Hyperplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: an increase in the number of cells leading
to an enlarged tissue mass
Causes: may be a compensatory mechanism or pathologic due to hormonal
imbalance
§ Example: Enlargement of uterus during pregnancy
Metaplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: replacement of a mature cell type with
another mature cell type
Causes: vitamin A deficit, adaptive mechanism to prolonged irritation
§ Example: Squamous epithelium replacing ciliated columnar epithelium in
respiratory tracts of cigarette smokers
Dysplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: change in the size, shape, and reproduction of
cells
Causes: chronic irritation or infection, precancerous changes
§ Example: Screening for atypical cells on Pap smear
Anaplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: undifferentiated cells, have variable cell
structures, and many miotic figures
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 3 NR 283 NEWEST 2025
COMPLETE EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
Homeostasis - ..(ANSWER)...Maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
Manifestations - ..(ANSWER)...Clinical evidence with signs & symptoms
- Signs = objective indicators of disease
- Symptoms = subjective feelings
Manifestations (Local) - ..(ANSWER)...At site of the problem (ex. Redness, warmth
at site)
Manifestations (Systemic) - ..(ANSWER)...General indicators of illness (ex. Fever)
Atrophy (muscle) - ..(ANSWER)...Define: a decrease in the size of cells leading to
reduced tissue mass
Cause: reduced use, poor nutrition, decreased hormonal or neurological
stimulation, aging
§ Example: Prolonged bed rest; cast on extremity
, 2|Page
Hypertrophy (heart muscle) - ..(ANSWER)...Define: an increase in the size of cells
leading to an enlarged tissue mass
Causes: overworking the tissue, hormonal stimulation
§ Example: Working out
Hyperplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: an increase in the number of cells leading
to an enlarged tissue mass
Causes: may be a compensatory mechanism or pathologic due to hormonal
imbalance
§ Example: Enlargement of uterus during pregnancy
Metaplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: replacement of a mature cell type with
another mature cell type
Causes: vitamin A deficit, adaptive mechanism to prolonged irritation
§ Example: Squamous epithelium replacing ciliated columnar epithelium in
respiratory tracts of cigarette smokers
Dysplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: change in the size, shape, and reproduction of
cells
Causes: chronic irritation or infection, precancerous changes
§ Example: Screening for atypical cells on Pap smear
Anaplasia - ..(ANSWER)...Definition: undifferentiated cells, have variable cell
structures, and many miotic figures
