South Carolina Biology EOC Review Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
characteristics of viruses - ANSWER -1. too small to be seen with a
light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ANSWER -cell wall and
chloroplast
homeostasis - ANSWER -balanced internal condition of cells or
maintain a relatively constant internal environment even though the
external environment is changing
describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer -
ANSWER -polar heads are hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer - ANSWER -
it is made of two layers of phospholipids
semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane - ANSWER -will
let certain things across but not all things
,What will not go across the cell membrane - ANSWER -large
molecules such as proteins do not move through the membrane on their
own
what are the cell membrane components - ANSWER -- phospholipids
(peripheral and integral) proteins
- cholesterol
- carbohydrates (glucose)
characteristics of simple diffusion - ANSWER -- requires no energy
(ATP)
- molecules move from area ***HIGH TO LOW*** concentration
osmosis - ANSWER -diffusion of water across a membrane
What is classified as passive transport - ANSWER -simple diffusion
and facilitated diffusion
does simple and facilitated diffusion require energy? - ANSWER -no
does active transport require energy (ATP) - ANSWER -yes
Materials move down their concentration gradient (high to low) in what
kind of diffusion - ANSWER -simple diffusion
What kind of diffusion uses transport proteins to move high to low
concentration - ANSWER -facilitated diffusion
Molecules move through a transport protein against their gradient (low
to high) in what form of transport - ANSWER -active transport
, The carrier proteins can change shape to move material in what
transport - ANSWER -active transport
what is exocytosis - ANSWER -molecules are moved out of the cell by
vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane
example: hormones
what are the 4 stages of the cell cycle - ANSWER -1. G1 or GAP1
2. Synthesis (S)
3. G2 and GAP2
4. Mitosis (M)
mitosis - ANSWER -division of the cell nucleus
cytokinesis - ANSWER -division of the cell cytoplasm
what determines the rate of cell division - ANSWER -need for that type
of cell and their function
diagram of cell cycle (study) - ANSWER -
steps of mitosis - ANSWER -1. interphase
2. prophase
3. metaphase
4. anaphase
and CORRECT Answers
characteristics of viruses - ANSWER -1. too small to be seen with a
light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ANSWER -cell wall and
chloroplast
homeostasis - ANSWER -balanced internal condition of cells or
maintain a relatively constant internal environment even though the
external environment is changing
describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer -
ANSWER -polar heads are hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer - ANSWER -
it is made of two layers of phospholipids
semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane - ANSWER -will
let certain things across but not all things
,What will not go across the cell membrane - ANSWER -large
molecules such as proteins do not move through the membrane on their
own
what are the cell membrane components - ANSWER -- phospholipids
(peripheral and integral) proteins
- cholesterol
- carbohydrates (glucose)
characteristics of simple diffusion - ANSWER -- requires no energy
(ATP)
- molecules move from area ***HIGH TO LOW*** concentration
osmosis - ANSWER -diffusion of water across a membrane
What is classified as passive transport - ANSWER -simple diffusion
and facilitated diffusion
does simple and facilitated diffusion require energy? - ANSWER -no
does active transport require energy (ATP) - ANSWER -yes
Materials move down their concentration gradient (high to low) in what
kind of diffusion - ANSWER -simple diffusion
What kind of diffusion uses transport proteins to move high to low
concentration - ANSWER -facilitated diffusion
Molecules move through a transport protein against their gradient (low
to high) in what form of transport - ANSWER -active transport
, The carrier proteins can change shape to move material in what
transport - ANSWER -active transport
what is exocytosis - ANSWER -molecules are moved out of the cell by
vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane
example: hormones
what are the 4 stages of the cell cycle - ANSWER -1. G1 or GAP1
2. Synthesis (S)
3. G2 and GAP2
4. Mitosis (M)
mitosis - ANSWER -division of the cell nucleus
cytokinesis - ANSWER -division of the cell cytoplasm
what determines the rate of cell division - ANSWER -need for that type
of cell and their function
diagram of cell cycle (study) - ANSWER -
steps of mitosis - ANSWER -1. interphase
2. prophase
3. metaphase
4. anaphase
