ISDS DATABASE FINAL EXAM ( 2025 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS ) 100% VERIFIED/
GUARANTEED PASS!
What are the three important database management functions? - ANSWER (1) Concurrency
control, (2) Security, (3) Backup and Recovery
_________ occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by a
committed transaction since the prior read.
a) Dirty Read
b) Nonrepeatable Read
c) Phantom Read - ANSWER c) Phantom Read
What is the most widely used open source web server software? - ANSWER Apache
Which one of the following can be an ODBC database?
a. file server
b. relational database
c. Spreadsheets
d. All of the above - ANSWER d.
How to prevent the deadlock from occurring? - ANSWER a. To require users to issue all lock
requests at one time.
b. To prevent deadlock is to require all application programs to lock resources in the same order.
______means that transactions have a "growing phase" and "shrinking phase" - ANSWER Two-
phase locking
,SQL REVOKE statement means that we are revoking SQL use in the database. True/False -
ANSWER FALSE
Under what circumstances could deadlock occur? - ANSWER It could occur when two
applications/users try to lock the same, multiple resources in a different order
-A has X locked and wants to lock Y
-B has Y locked and wants to lock X
What is ACID? - ANSWER ♦Atomic: Transactions that are treated by the database as a single
logical unit of work
♦Consistent: no other transactions are permitted on the records until the current statement or
transaction finishes
♦Isolation: within multi-user environments, different transactions may be operating on the
same data
♦Durable: all committed transactions are permanent
Which read case have a transaction rereads data it has previously read and finds modifications
or deletions caused by another transaction?
a. A dirty read
b. A nonrepeatable read
c. A phantom read. - ANSWER b. A nonrepeatable read
What are the SQL keywords used in concurrency control?
a. Begin, commit, rollback
b. Select, from , where
c. Select, from, join. - ANSWER a. Begin, commit, rollback
, What is the purpose of concurrency control? - ANSWER to ensure that one user's work does not
inappropriately influence another user's work
What is authentication? - ANSWER makes sure that the user has the basic right to use the
system in the first place
Deadlock cannot occur when applications lock only a single resource. - ANSWER TRUE
What does the acronym ACID refer to? - ANSWER A transaction that is Atomic, Consistent,
Isolated, and Durable.
Concurrency control ensures that one user's actions do not adversely impact another user's
actions. - ANSWER TRUE
Authentication and Authorization are synonymous terms, they can be interchanged as the same
meaning. (T/F) - ANSWER False. They are not the same. Authentication just allows usage of the
system. Authorization allows more actions such as "Insert, Delete, Update"
Rollback recovery method uses "After images" to undo any transactions that were in process
during the crash (T/F) - ANSWER False. Rollback recovery method uses "Before Images".
Types of Resource Locks - ANSWER Implicit locks
Explicit locks
Exclusive locks
Shared locks
Two-phase locking
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS ) 100% VERIFIED/
GUARANTEED PASS!
What are the three important database management functions? - ANSWER (1) Concurrency
control, (2) Security, (3) Backup and Recovery
_________ occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by a
committed transaction since the prior read.
a) Dirty Read
b) Nonrepeatable Read
c) Phantom Read - ANSWER c) Phantom Read
What is the most widely used open source web server software? - ANSWER Apache
Which one of the following can be an ODBC database?
a. file server
b. relational database
c. Spreadsheets
d. All of the above - ANSWER d.
How to prevent the deadlock from occurring? - ANSWER a. To require users to issue all lock
requests at one time.
b. To prevent deadlock is to require all application programs to lock resources in the same order.
______means that transactions have a "growing phase" and "shrinking phase" - ANSWER Two-
phase locking
,SQL REVOKE statement means that we are revoking SQL use in the database. True/False -
ANSWER FALSE
Under what circumstances could deadlock occur? - ANSWER It could occur when two
applications/users try to lock the same, multiple resources in a different order
-A has X locked and wants to lock Y
-B has Y locked and wants to lock X
What is ACID? - ANSWER ♦Atomic: Transactions that are treated by the database as a single
logical unit of work
♦Consistent: no other transactions are permitted on the records until the current statement or
transaction finishes
♦Isolation: within multi-user environments, different transactions may be operating on the
same data
♦Durable: all committed transactions are permanent
Which read case have a transaction rereads data it has previously read and finds modifications
or deletions caused by another transaction?
a. A dirty read
b. A nonrepeatable read
c. A phantom read. - ANSWER b. A nonrepeatable read
What are the SQL keywords used in concurrency control?
a. Begin, commit, rollback
b. Select, from , where
c. Select, from, join. - ANSWER a. Begin, commit, rollback
, What is the purpose of concurrency control? - ANSWER to ensure that one user's work does not
inappropriately influence another user's work
What is authentication? - ANSWER makes sure that the user has the basic right to use the
system in the first place
Deadlock cannot occur when applications lock only a single resource. - ANSWER TRUE
What does the acronym ACID refer to? - ANSWER A transaction that is Atomic, Consistent,
Isolated, and Durable.
Concurrency control ensures that one user's actions do not adversely impact another user's
actions. - ANSWER TRUE
Authentication and Authorization are synonymous terms, they can be interchanged as the same
meaning. (T/F) - ANSWER False. They are not the same. Authentication just allows usage of the
system. Authorization allows more actions such as "Insert, Delete, Update"
Rollback recovery method uses "After images" to undo any transactions that were in process
during the crash (T/F) - ANSWER False. Rollback recovery method uses "Before Images".
Types of Resource Locks - ANSWER Implicit locks
Explicit locks
Exclusive locks
Shared locks
Two-phase locking
