CEN Cardiovascular Emergencies
Practice Questions With Verified
Solutions |Already Graded A+|
Preload refers to:
a. The volume of blood entering the left side of the heart
b. The volume of blood entering the right side of the heart
c. The pressure in the venous system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood
d. The pressure in the arterial system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood - ANS>> b. Preload is the volume of blood that enters the
right side of the heart. This volume stretches the fibers in the heart prior to
contraction. Preload is commonly measured as atrial pressure.
When suctioning during a cardiac arrest, suctioning should be limited to
which of the following?
a. Less than 5 seconds
b. Less than 10 seconds
c. Less than 20 seconds
d. Less than 30 seconds - ANS>> B. According to the 2010 BLS and ACLS
guidelines, suctioning for longer than 10 seconds may result in pulling too
much oxygen out of the airways resulting in hypoxemia.
You are caring for a 65 year old who collapsed outside of the hospital and
was brought in to the emergency department. During CPR, quantitative
waveform capnography shows a PETCO2 level < 10 mm HG. Which of the
following is the correct response to this finding?
a. Do nothing; this is normal.
b. Increase the amount of oxygen being delivered.
c. Attempt to improve the quality of CPR.
d. Decrease the amount of oxygen being delivered. - ANS>> C.
Quantitative waveform capnography provides a good indication of the
quality of CPR. Levels < 10 mm HG indicate either a problem with the
quality of CPR or with the placement of the ETT. EtCO2 levels of ≤10
mmHg predicted death in adult patients with cardiac arrest. Measurement
, of EtCO2 varies directly with the cardiac output produced by chest
compression . Goal is 35-45mmg HG or 5-6% CO2.
You are caring for an 85 year old and are having trouble establishing an
intravenous line. The ED physician asks for an intraosseous needle to
establish an IO line for medication administration. Which of the following is
TRUE about the intraosseous route of drug administration?
a. It should only be done on children under the age of 16.
b. It is preferred over the IV route of drug administration.
c. It should only be attempted after all other routes have been attempted.
d. Any drug or fluid can be administered via the IO route. - ANS>> D. Any
drug that can be given via the IV route can also be given via the IO route.
Although commonly thought of in reference to pediatric patients, an IO
route can be established on any age person. IO access is the preferred
route over the ETT but not IV route; it is often the easiest route to establish
while CPR is being done.
You have defibrillated the patient in ventricular fibrillation. The appropriate
action to take next is:
a. Do CPR for a 2-minute cycle.
b. Obtain an ECG to determine the rhythm.
c. Defibrillate again at a higher dose.
d. Give IV Epinephrine. - ANS>> A. The 2010 ACLS guidelines no longer
recommend the stacked defibrillation. Instead, a 2-minute cycle of CPR
should be done as the defibrillator is charging.
A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
The ED nurse should expect to give medications to relieve pain and
prevent clots. Assuming oxygen is needed, what is the correct sequence
for these frontline drugs?
a. Oxygen, Aspirin, Nitroglycerin, Morphine
b. Aspirin, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Morphine
c. Nitroglycerin, Oxygen, Aspirin, Morphine
d. Aspirin, Oxygen, Morphine, Nitroglycerin - ANS>> A. Oxygen should be
the first drug given for the patient with ACS. Aspirin is the front line drug for
dissolving clots associated with ACS. Nitroglycerine is typically readily
available and should be administered third. Finally, for continued pain,
morphine may be necessary. During the initial assessment phase, the
following steps should be accomplished for any patient at significant risk for
ACS:
Practice Questions With Verified
Solutions |Already Graded A+|
Preload refers to:
a. The volume of blood entering the left side of the heart
b. The volume of blood entering the right side of the heart
c. The pressure in the venous system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood
d. The pressure in the arterial system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood - ANS>> b. Preload is the volume of blood that enters the
right side of the heart. This volume stretches the fibers in the heart prior to
contraction. Preload is commonly measured as atrial pressure.
When suctioning during a cardiac arrest, suctioning should be limited to
which of the following?
a. Less than 5 seconds
b. Less than 10 seconds
c. Less than 20 seconds
d. Less than 30 seconds - ANS>> B. According to the 2010 BLS and ACLS
guidelines, suctioning for longer than 10 seconds may result in pulling too
much oxygen out of the airways resulting in hypoxemia.
You are caring for a 65 year old who collapsed outside of the hospital and
was brought in to the emergency department. During CPR, quantitative
waveform capnography shows a PETCO2 level < 10 mm HG. Which of the
following is the correct response to this finding?
a. Do nothing; this is normal.
b. Increase the amount of oxygen being delivered.
c. Attempt to improve the quality of CPR.
d. Decrease the amount of oxygen being delivered. - ANS>> C.
Quantitative waveform capnography provides a good indication of the
quality of CPR. Levels < 10 mm HG indicate either a problem with the
quality of CPR or with the placement of the ETT. EtCO2 levels of ≤10
mmHg predicted death in adult patients with cardiac arrest. Measurement
, of EtCO2 varies directly with the cardiac output produced by chest
compression . Goal is 35-45mmg HG or 5-6% CO2.
You are caring for an 85 year old and are having trouble establishing an
intravenous line. The ED physician asks for an intraosseous needle to
establish an IO line for medication administration. Which of the following is
TRUE about the intraosseous route of drug administration?
a. It should only be done on children under the age of 16.
b. It is preferred over the IV route of drug administration.
c. It should only be attempted after all other routes have been attempted.
d. Any drug or fluid can be administered via the IO route. - ANS>> D. Any
drug that can be given via the IV route can also be given via the IO route.
Although commonly thought of in reference to pediatric patients, an IO
route can be established on any age person. IO access is the preferred
route over the ETT but not IV route; it is often the easiest route to establish
while CPR is being done.
You have defibrillated the patient in ventricular fibrillation. The appropriate
action to take next is:
a. Do CPR for a 2-minute cycle.
b. Obtain an ECG to determine the rhythm.
c. Defibrillate again at a higher dose.
d. Give IV Epinephrine. - ANS>> A. The 2010 ACLS guidelines no longer
recommend the stacked defibrillation. Instead, a 2-minute cycle of CPR
should be done as the defibrillator is charging.
A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
The ED nurse should expect to give medications to relieve pain and
prevent clots. Assuming oxygen is needed, what is the correct sequence
for these frontline drugs?
a. Oxygen, Aspirin, Nitroglycerin, Morphine
b. Aspirin, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Morphine
c. Nitroglycerin, Oxygen, Aspirin, Morphine
d. Aspirin, Oxygen, Morphine, Nitroglycerin - ANS>> A. Oxygen should be
the first drug given for the patient with ACS. Aspirin is the front line drug for
dissolving clots associated with ACS. Nitroglycerine is typically readily
available and should be administered third. Finally, for continued pain,
morphine may be necessary. During the initial assessment phase, the
following steps should be accomplished for any patient at significant risk for
ACS:
