STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING EXAM
ISSA WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
Neural Circuitry that travels outside the spinal cord ( Correct answers )
Peripheral nervous system
A sensory receptor within a muscle that detects changes in length and
helps regulate contraction ( Correct answers ) Muscle Spindle
Branches of the cell body that act as receivers, collecting information
from other neurons ( Correct answers ) Dendrites
Muscle contraction is triggered when the following chemical
neurotransmitters binds to receptors on the muscle ( Correct answers )
acetylcholine
Division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary
movement ( Correct answers ) somatic nervous system
Type of motor unit can contract for many hours ( Correct answers )
Slow of Motor Unit
Type of motor unit has a large motor neuron & consists of a large
bundle of type IIx muscle fibers ( Correct answers ) Fast Fatiguable (FF)
Voluntary movement starts in ( Correct answers ) Cerebral Cortex
The process that allows a muscle spindle to contract at the same rate as
the muscle where it resides ( Correct answers ) Alpha-gamma Co-
activation
How many nerves are contained within the peripheral nervous
system ( Correct answers ) 43 Pairs
The muscular system includes how many muscles ( Correct answers )
approximately 650
Muscle fiber type that's the largest & produce the most amount of
force ( Correct answers ) Type IIx
Cross-bridge cycle requires energy, which is provided by ( Correct
answers ) ATP hydrolysis
,The function of epimysium is too ( Correct answers ) Protect muscle
from friction against other muscles or bone.
Muscle fiber type has a very small amount of mitochondria ( Correct
answers ) Type IIx
Make-up of a person's muscle fiber ratio ( Correct answers ) It can't be
changed to a large degree
Training with heavy loads causes ( Correct answers ) Equal growth of type I
and type II fibers
Functions like girdles & guy wires to provide an interconnected
structure ( Correct answers ) Fascia
Three possible mechanisms for inducing hypertrophy ( Correct answers )
Mechanical tension, metabolic stress, muscle damage
functional units that can make a muscle shorten ( Correct answers )
Sarcomere
Found within the appendicular skeleton ( Correct answers ) Bones of
the upper & lower extremities
Movement between 2 adjacent vertebrae is made possible by
( Correct answers ) Facet Joints
Wolff's Law ( Correct answers ) The body responds by increasing or
decreasing the bone's diameter
Cartilage plays important rolls such as ( Correct answers ) Bone
development Mature bone cells that maintain a bone's matrix
( Correct answers ) Osteocytes
Bone on bone contact that results in joint pain ( Correct answers )
osteoarthritis
Elastin allows tissues too ( Correct answers ) regain their original shape
after being stretched
The main part or shaft of a long bone ( Correct answers ) Diaphysis
Frontal plane is an imaginary plane that divides the body into
( Correct answers ) Anterior & posterior
Angle that a joint rotates around its axis ( Correct answers ) The
direction of rotation
,The smallest blood vessel ( Correct answers ) Capillaries
Create more muscular support when performing an intense exercise
( Correct answers ) Bracing effect of a tight core
Largest lymphatic organ in the human body ( Correct answers )
Spleen
One of the main functions of the respiratory system ( Correct answers )
removal of waste products of metabolism
Normal amount of air displaced between inhalation & exhalation ( Correct
answers ) Tidal Volume
Major glands of he endocrine system ( Correct answers ) Hypothalamus
The amount of blood pumped through the heart per minute
( Correct answers ) Cardiac output
Peripheral resistance ( Correct answers ) The amount of resistance to
blood flow in the arteries.
Plasma makes up ____ percentage of blood volume ( Correct answers )
55%
Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body & moves it
too ( Correct answers ) The right Ventricle
Law of conservation of energy states that energy ( Correct answers )
cannot be created or destroyed
In short term, metabolic acidosis can ( Correct answers ) impair
muscle power & energy production
Process of making ATP from glucose ( Correct answers ) Glycolysis
Cytoplasm & Sarcoplasm ( Correct answers ) Sarcoplasm is where the
action of the phosphates system & the reaction components take place
The time it takes to fully replenish stored phosphocreatine after
maximum effort exercise ( Correct answers ) 15-25 minutes
The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources ( Correct
answers ) gluconeogenesis
, Lactate threshold corresponds with ( Correct answers ) Rapid drop in
physical output & performance
Actions occur within the mitochondria during the first 10-30 seconds
of maximal activity ( Correct answers ) Mitochondria absorb protons
(H+)
Enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids during lipolysis ( Correct
answers ) Hormone-sensitive lipase
Fuel type produces 106 ATP ( Correct answers ) Fatty acids
Mechanics are divided into two categories ( Correct answers ) dynamic
and static.
Class of lever is the fulcrum (axis) located between the effort and the
load ( Correct answers ) First-class
a state of no acceleration, with the body at rest ( Correct answers )
Equilibrium
Point at which both body mass & weight are equally distributed
( Correct answers ) center of gravity.
Force is a product of ( Correct answers ) mass times
acceleration. shearing refers too ( Correct answers )
cutting or breaking.
The muscles responsible for protraction of the scapulothoracic (ST) joint
( Correct answers ) pectoralis major.
Adduction ( Correct answers ) Movement toward the midline
Primary wrist movements include ( Correct answers ) ulnar deviation
Ankle is formed by three bones; the tibia, the fibula, and ( Correct
answers ) Talus
When using skinfold calipers to assess body composition, how should the
skin of the suprailiac region be pinched ( Correct answers ) At a 45-
degree angle
it is better to think of posture as ( Correct answers ) ideal or not ideal.
when muscles surrounding a joint are abnormally weakened or
overactive, thus limiting a joint's movement ( Correct answers )
Muscle imbalance
When conducting the Rockport one-mile walk test, when should the
participant's heart rate be measured ( Correct answers ) At the end of the
test only
ISSA WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
Neural Circuitry that travels outside the spinal cord ( Correct answers )
Peripheral nervous system
A sensory receptor within a muscle that detects changes in length and
helps regulate contraction ( Correct answers ) Muscle Spindle
Branches of the cell body that act as receivers, collecting information
from other neurons ( Correct answers ) Dendrites
Muscle contraction is triggered when the following chemical
neurotransmitters binds to receptors on the muscle ( Correct answers )
acetylcholine
Division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary
movement ( Correct answers ) somatic nervous system
Type of motor unit can contract for many hours ( Correct answers )
Slow of Motor Unit
Type of motor unit has a large motor neuron & consists of a large
bundle of type IIx muscle fibers ( Correct answers ) Fast Fatiguable (FF)
Voluntary movement starts in ( Correct answers ) Cerebral Cortex
The process that allows a muscle spindle to contract at the same rate as
the muscle where it resides ( Correct answers ) Alpha-gamma Co-
activation
How many nerves are contained within the peripheral nervous
system ( Correct answers ) 43 Pairs
The muscular system includes how many muscles ( Correct answers )
approximately 650
Muscle fiber type that's the largest & produce the most amount of
force ( Correct answers ) Type IIx
Cross-bridge cycle requires energy, which is provided by ( Correct
answers ) ATP hydrolysis
,The function of epimysium is too ( Correct answers ) Protect muscle
from friction against other muscles or bone.
Muscle fiber type has a very small amount of mitochondria ( Correct
answers ) Type IIx
Make-up of a person's muscle fiber ratio ( Correct answers ) It can't be
changed to a large degree
Training with heavy loads causes ( Correct answers ) Equal growth of type I
and type II fibers
Functions like girdles & guy wires to provide an interconnected
structure ( Correct answers ) Fascia
Three possible mechanisms for inducing hypertrophy ( Correct answers )
Mechanical tension, metabolic stress, muscle damage
functional units that can make a muscle shorten ( Correct answers )
Sarcomere
Found within the appendicular skeleton ( Correct answers ) Bones of
the upper & lower extremities
Movement between 2 adjacent vertebrae is made possible by
( Correct answers ) Facet Joints
Wolff's Law ( Correct answers ) The body responds by increasing or
decreasing the bone's diameter
Cartilage plays important rolls such as ( Correct answers ) Bone
development Mature bone cells that maintain a bone's matrix
( Correct answers ) Osteocytes
Bone on bone contact that results in joint pain ( Correct answers )
osteoarthritis
Elastin allows tissues too ( Correct answers ) regain their original shape
after being stretched
The main part or shaft of a long bone ( Correct answers ) Diaphysis
Frontal plane is an imaginary plane that divides the body into
( Correct answers ) Anterior & posterior
Angle that a joint rotates around its axis ( Correct answers ) The
direction of rotation
,The smallest blood vessel ( Correct answers ) Capillaries
Create more muscular support when performing an intense exercise
( Correct answers ) Bracing effect of a tight core
Largest lymphatic organ in the human body ( Correct answers )
Spleen
One of the main functions of the respiratory system ( Correct answers )
removal of waste products of metabolism
Normal amount of air displaced between inhalation & exhalation ( Correct
answers ) Tidal Volume
Major glands of he endocrine system ( Correct answers ) Hypothalamus
The amount of blood pumped through the heart per minute
( Correct answers ) Cardiac output
Peripheral resistance ( Correct answers ) The amount of resistance to
blood flow in the arteries.
Plasma makes up ____ percentage of blood volume ( Correct answers )
55%
Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body & moves it
too ( Correct answers ) The right Ventricle
Law of conservation of energy states that energy ( Correct answers )
cannot be created or destroyed
In short term, metabolic acidosis can ( Correct answers ) impair
muscle power & energy production
Process of making ATP from glucose ( Correct answers ) Glycolysis
Cytoplasm & Sarcoplasm ( Correct answers ) Sarcoplasm is where the
action of the phosphates system & the reaction components take place
The time it takes to fully replenish stored phosphocreatine after
maximum effort exercise ( Correct answers ) 15-25 minutes
The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources ( Correct
answers ) gluconeogenesis
, Lactate threshold corresponds with ( Correct answers ) Rapid drop in
physical output & performance
Actions occur within the mitochondria during the first 10-30 seconds
of maximal activity ( Correct answers ) Mitochondria absorb protons
(H+)
Enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids during lipolysis ( Correct
answers ) Hormone-sensitive lipase
Fuel type produces 106 ATP ( Correct answers ) Fatty acids
Mechanics are divided into two categories ( Correct answers ) dynamic
and static.
Class of lever is the fulcrum (axis) located between the effort and the
load ( Correct answers ) First-class
a state of no acceleration, with the body at rest ( Correct answers )
Equilibrium
Point at which both body mass & weight are equally distributed
( Correct answers ) center of gravity.
Force is a product of ( Correct answers ) mass times
acceleration. shearing refers too ( Correct answers )
cutting or breaking.
The muscles responsible for protraction of the scapulothoracic (ST) joint
( Correct answers ) pectoralis major.
Adduction ( Correct answers ) Movement toward the midline
Primary wrist movements include ( Correct answers ) ulnar deviation
Ankle is formed by three bones; the tibia, the fibula, and ( Correct
answers ) Talus
When using skinfold calipers to assess body composition, how should the
skin of the suprailiac region be pinched ( Correct answers ) At a 45-
degree angle
it is better to think of posture as ( Correct answers ) ideal or not ideal.
when muscles surrounding a joint are abnormally weakened or
overactive, thus limiting a joint's movement ( Correct answers )
Muscle imbalance
When conducting the Rockport one-mile walk test, when should the
participant's heart rate be measured ( Correct answers ) At the end of the
test only
