NURS 4151 Nursing Research & Evidence Based
Practice
Comprehensive Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Multiple Choice (MCQ)
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a
systematic review?
A. To collect anecdotal evidence
B. To synthesize results from multiple studies on a specific topic
C. To develop a theoretical framework
D. To analyze a single case study
ANS: B
©2025
,Rationale: Systematic reviews aim to synthesize evidence from
multiple studies to provide comprehensive conclusions.
2. In evidence-based practice, what is the highest level of
evidence?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case-control studies
C. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
ANS: D
Rationale: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesize
findings from multiple RCTs, providing the strongest evidence.
3. What is the first step in the evidence-based practice process?
A. Evaluate the outcomes
B. Search for evidence
C. Formulate a clinical question
D. Implement the intervention
ANS: C
Rationale: Formulating a clinical question initiates the EBP
process.
©2025
,4. In qualitative research, which method is commonly used for
data collection?
A. Laboratory experiments
B. Structured surveys
C. In-depth interviews
D. Cross-sectional analysis
ANS: C
Rationale: In-depth interviews are a hallmark of qualitative data
collection.
5. What is the primary goal of randomization in a clinical trial?
A. Increase sample size
B. Reduce bias and confounding
C. Enhance external validity
D. Ensure blinding
ANS: B
Rationale: Randomization helps to minimize bias and balance
confounding variables.
6. Which statistical test is most appropriate to compare means
between two independent groups?
A. Pearson’s correlation
©2025
, B. Chi-square test
C. Independent samples t-test
D. Logistic regression
ANS: C
Rationale: The independent samples t-test compares means
between two groups.
7. Which component is NOT part of the PICO format?
A. Intervention
B. Comparison
C. Outcome
D. Hypothesis
ANS: D
Rationale: PICO consists of Patient/Problem, Intervention,
Comparison, and Outcome.
8. What is an important ethical principle in nursing research?
A. Coercion
B. Beneficence
C. Data fabrication
D. Concealment
©2025
Practice
Comprehensive Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Multiple Choice (MCQ)
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a
systematic review?
A. To collect anecdotal evidence
B. To synthesize results from multiple studies on a specific topic
C. To develop a theoretical framework
D. To analyze a single case study
ANS: B
©2025
,Rationale: Systematic reviews aim to synthesize evidence from
multiple studies to provide comprehensive conclusions.
2. In evidence-based practice, what is the highest level of
evidence?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case-control studies
C. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
ANS: D
Rationale: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesize
findings from multiple RCTs, providing the strongest evidence.
3. What is the first step in the evidence-based practice process?
A. Evaluate the outcomes
B. Search for evidence
C. Formulate a clinical question
D. Implement the intervention
ANS: C
Rationale: Formulating a clinical question initiates the EBP
process.
©2025
,4. In qualitative research, which method is commonly used for
data collection?
A. Laboratory experiments
B. Structured surveys
C. In-depth interviews
D. Cross-sectional analysis
ANS: C
Rationale: In-depth interviews are a hallmark of qualitative data
collection.
5. What is the primary goal of randomization in a clinical trial?
A. Increase sample size
B. Reduce bias and confounding
C. Enhance external validity
D. Ensure blinding
ANS: B
Rationale: Randomization helps to minimize bias and balance
confounding variables.
6. Which statistical test is most appropriate to compare means
between two independent groups?
A. Pearson’s correlation
©2025
, B. Chi-square test
C. Independent samples t-test
D. Logistic regression
ANS: C
Rationale: The independent samples t-test compares means
between two groups.
7. Which component is NOT part of the PICO format?
A. Intervention
B. Comparison
C. Outcome
D. Hypothesis
ANS: D
Rationale: PICO consists of Patient/Problem, Intervention,
Comparison, and Outcome.
8. What is an important ethical principle in nursing research?
A. Coercion
B. Beneficence
C. Data fabrication
D. Concealment
©2025
