NU 090 Foundations for Nursing
Complete Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Multiple Choice (MC)
A nurse is caring for a patient with impaired skin integrity due to
prolonged immobility. Which stage of pressure ulcer development
is characterized by non-blanchable erythema?
a) Stage I
b) Stage II
c) Stage III
d) Stage IV
ANS: a) Stage I
Rationale: Stage I pressure ulcers present as intact skin with non-
blanchable redness, indicating early tissue damage.
©2025
,Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for
a patient exhibiting signs of inadequate oxygenation, such as
cyanosis and shortness of breath?
a) Ineffective Airway Clearance
b) Impaired Gas Exchange
c) Risk for Infection
d) Impaired Physical Mobility
ANS: b) Impaired Gas Exchange
Rationale: Impaired Gas Exchange relates directly to problems
with oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs.
In the assessment of neurological function, a positive Babinski
reflex in an adult indicates:
a) Normal neurological response
b) Upper motor neuron lesion
c) Lower motor neuron lesion
d) Cerebellar dysfunction
ANS: b) Upper motor neuron lesion
Rationale: A positive Babinski sign in adults signifies dysfunction
of the corticospinal tract.
©2025
, What is the most appropriate intervention for a postoperative
patient demonstrating signs of hypovolemia due to hemorrhage?
a) Administer oxygen therapy
b) Begin intravenous fluid resuscitation
c) Elevate the patient's legs
d) Encourage oral fluid intake
ANS: b) Begin intravenous fluid resuscitation
Rationale: Rapid IV fluids restore circulating volume and prevent
shock from hemorrhage.
Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely in a
patient receiving heparin therapy?
a) Prothrombin Time (PT)
b) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
c) International Normalized Ratio (INR)
d) Bleeding Time
ANS: b) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
Rationale: PTT measures the anticoagulation effect of heparin.
Fill-in-the-Blank (FIB)
©2025
Complete Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Multiple Choice (MC)
A nurse is caring for a patient with impaired skin integrity due to
prolonged immobility. Which stage of pressure ulcer development
is characterized by non-blanchable erythema?
a) Stage I
b) Stage II
c) Stage III
d) Stage IV
ANS: a) Stage I
Rationale: Stage I pressure ulcers present as intact skin with non-
blanchable redness, indicating early tissue damage.
©2025
,Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for
a patient exhibiting signs of inadequate oxygenation, such as
cyanosis and shortness of breath?
a) Ineffective Airway Clearance
b) Impaired Gas Exchange
c) Risk for Infection
d) Impaired Physical Mobility
ANS: b) Impaired Gas Exchange
Rationale: Impaired Gas Exchange relates directly to problems
with oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs.
In the assessment of neurological function, a positive Babinski
reflex in an adult indicates:
a) Normal neurological response
b) Upper motor neuron lesion
c) Lower motor neuron lesion
d) Cerebellar dysfunction
ANS: b) Upper motor neuron lesion
Rationale: A positive Babinski sign in adults signifies dysfunction
of the corticospinal tract.
©2025
, What is the most appropriate intervention for a postoperative
patient demonstrating signs of hypovolemia due to hemorrhage?
a) Administer oxygen therapy
b) Begin intravenous fluid resuscitation
c) Elevate the patient's legs
d) Encourage oral fluid intake
ANS: b) Begin intravenous fluid resuscitation
Rationale: Rapid IV fluids restore circulating volume and prevent
shock from hemorrhage.
Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely in a
patient receiving heparin therapy?
a) Prothrombin Time (PT)
b) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
c) International Normalized Ratio (INR)
d) Bleeding Time
ANS: b) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
Rationale: PTT measures the anticoagulation effect of heparin.
Fill-in-the-Blank (FIB)
©2025
