NSG 6001 Advanced Nursing Exam
Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2025),
Exams of Nursing GRADED A+
Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS A chronic sterile, lipogranulomatous inflammation lesion of the
mibomian gland.
What causes a Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS meibomian glands secrete the oil layer of the
tear film in the eye. NOT AN INFECTION. More common in adults.
What are the risk factors of a Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic Blepharitis, Seborrhea,
Viral infection, rosacea
Clinical presentation of Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic swelling at the inner eye lid.
(NOT ON THE LASH LINE)
Swollen, palpable nodule in lid margin of the eye.
NONTENDER.
Discomfort or irritation due to swelling, feeling of foreign body in the eye, swelling of the eyelid.
Treatment of Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Small lesions may not need any treatment.
Usually absorbs spontaneously in 2-8 weeks
Drains through the inner surface of the eyelid
May need intralesion steroid injection
Warm compress 3-5 times per day
Gentle massage of eyelid (do not try and pop it)
Abx not indicated unless lesion is associated with Blepharitis
Optho referral if develops cellulitis or does not respond to treatment.
,Patient education for Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS - Patient can wear contact lenses. They
should be cleaned with disinfectant. Disposable lenses do not need to be discarded any sooner than
schedule.
- Discard eye makeup.
- Good hand hygiene
Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS "STYE"
An acute INFECTION of a glands in the eyelid, may be associated with blepharitis.
- On the lash line
Causes of Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS staph aureus is the most common associated
organism, can progress to cellulitis or abcess
- more common in children
Clinical presentation of Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS Gradual enlarging localized nodule
- in 2-4 days will start draining
-painful, tender
-lid erythema, warmth, tearing
Treatment of hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS - warm compresses for 5-10 min TID
- bactricacin or erythromcyin eye ointment
- Eyelid scrub (same as blepharitis)
- Good hand hygiene
- Monitor for Cellulitis- systemic antibiotics, optho referral
, Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS A cellulitis of the EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL that may
extend into the auricle
Risk factors for Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of protective cerumen, vigorous
cleaning of external canal, maceration of skin from accumulation of moisture infection. (Staph,
pseudomonas)
Clinical presentation of Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Pain of affected ear and auricle,
fullness in ear, itching, drainage from ear, hearing loss, fever
Physical exam of Otits Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Pain and tenderness on palpitation of trigs
or manipulation of auricle, ear canal is red and or swollen, canal is filled with debris and sloughed tissue.
Diagnostics: Culture of drainage if possible
Treatment of Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS - NSAID for pain
- topical anesthetics and corticosteroids for severe pain/swelling
- Topical Abs ( Cortisporin otic suspension, Ciprodex)
- Insert wick into affected ear if needed to ensure medication. gets in.
- systemic therapy if extends beyond the canal
Otitis Media - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation and or infection of the middle ear
- inflammation and edema of ET and or adenoids
- narrowing of Eustachian tube, decreased drainage of fluid from the middle ear.
- accumulation of fluid in middle ear ( otitis media with effusion)
Causes of Otitis Media - CORRECT ANSWERS Bacterial or viruses (often refluxes from
nasopharynx into ear) occurs with or follows URI, allergic rhinitis, exposure to smoke in young children,
ET is short and more horizontal, bottle feeding, attending daycare, GERD, pacifier use, craniofacial
abnormalities
Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2025),
Exams of Nursing GRADED A+
Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS A chronic sterile, lipogranulomatous inflammation lesion of the
mibomian gland.
What causes a Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS meibomian glands secrete the oil layer of the
tear film in the eye. NOT AN INFECTION. More common in adults.
What are the risk factors of a Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic Blepharitis, Seborrhea,
Viral infection, rosacea
Clinical presentation of Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic swelling at the inner eye lid.
(NOT ON THE LASH LINE)
Swollen, palpable nodule in lid margin of the eye.
NONTENDER.
Discomfort or irritation due to swelling, feeling of foreign body in the eye, swelling of the eyelid.
Treatment of Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS Small lesions may not need any treatment.
Usually absorbs spontaneously in 2-8 weeks
Drains through the inner surface of the eyelid
May need intralesion steroid injection
Warm compress 3-5 times per day
Gentle massage of eyelid (do not try and pop it)
Abx not indicated unless lesion is associated with Blepharitis
Optho referral if develops cellulitis or does not respond to treatment.
,Patient education for Chalazion - CORRECT ANSWERS - Patient can wear contact lenses. They
should be cleaned with disinfectant. Disposable lenses do not need to be discarded any sooner than
schedule.
- Discard eye makeup.
- Good hand hygiene
Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS "STYE"
An acute INFECTION of a glands in the eyelid, may be associated with blepharitis.
- On the lash line
Causes of Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS staph aureus is the most common associated
organism, can progress to cellulitis or abcess
- more common in children
Clinical presentation of Hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS Gradual enlarging localized nodule
- in 2-4 days will start draining
-painful, tender
-lid erythema, warmth, tearing
Treatment of hordeolum - CORRECT ANSWERS - warm compresses for 5-10 min TID
- bactricacin or erythromcyin eye ointment
- Eyelid scrub (same as blepharitis)
- Good hand hygiene
- Monitor for Cellulitis- systemic antibiotics, optho referral
, Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS A cellulitis of the EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL that may
extend into the auricle
Risk factors for Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of protective cerumen, vigorous
cleaning of external canal, maceration of skin from accumulation of moisture infection. (Staph,
pseudomonas)
Clinical presentation of Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Pain of affected ear and auricle,
fullness in ear, itching, drainage from ear, hearing loss, fever
Physical exam of Otits Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS Pain and tenderness on palpitation of trigs
or manipulation of auricle, ear canal is red and or swollen, canal is filled with debris and sloughed tissue.
Diagnostics: Culture of drainage if possible
Treatment of Otitis Externa - CORRECT ANSWERS - NSAID for pain
- topical anesthetics and corticosteroids for severe pain/swelling
- Topical Abs ( Cortisporin otic suspension, Ciprodex)
- Insert wick into affected ear if needed to ensure medication. gets in.
- systemic therapy if extends beyond the canal
Otitis Media - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation and or infection of the middle ear
- inflammation and edema of ET and or adenoids
- narrowing of Eustachian tube, decreased drainage of fluid from the middle ear.
- accumulation of fluid in middle ear ( otitis media with effusion)
Causes of Otitis Media - CORRECT ANSWERS Bacterial or viruses (often refluxes from
nasopharynx into ear) occurs with or follows URI, allergic rhinitis, exposure to smoke in young children,
ET is short and more horizontal, bottle feeding, attending daycare, GERD, pacifier use, craniofacial
abnormalities
