CDIA Exam 2 2025
Questions and Answers
Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-The development of multiple cognitive deficits, including
memory impairment and at least one of the following: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or a
disturbance in executive functioning. Cognitive deficits must represent a decline from
previously higher level functioning, and must be sufficiently severe to cause
impairment in occupational or social functioning.
Symptoms of Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Memory impairment, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia
(failure to recognize/identify objects despite intact sensory function), and executive
dysfunction (impaired ability to think abstractly and to plan, sequence, monitor, and
stop complex activities).
Cortical Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Typically produced by Alzheimer's disease; could
also be caused by Pick disease; neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and
granulovacuolar degeneration.
Subcortical Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Gradual decline in cognitive abilities without any
appreciable loss in associational cortical areas/language; emotional and personality
changes; memory disorders are present and a defective ability to manipulate acquired
knowledge; hypophonia that may progress to mutism; Parkinson's, Huntington's, HIV,
and Wilson's disease can cause it.
Vascular Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Can involve multiple infarcts in cortical, subcortical,
or both areas. Second highest incidence (15-20% of dementia cases); will present a
history of hypertension, heart disease, strokes, abrupt onset, focal neurological signs,
and stepwise breakdown in progression to dementia.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Mixed Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Both cortical and subcortical involvement; display the
language abnormalities stemming from cortical and speech abnormalities from
subcortical; Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease, HIV, drug intoxication, tumors, etc.
What are the main symptoms of Dementia? - ANSWER✔✔-Memory impairment
Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia (failure to recognize objects despite intact sensory function)
Executive dysfunction (impaired ability to plan, sequence, monitor and stop complex
activities and to think abstractly)
Dementia vs. Aphasia - ANSWER✔✔-Aphasia patients at any level of severity may
have semantic, syntactic, and phonological impairment (except the types where
phonology is intact like Wernicke's or Transcortical sensory), but may retain
pragmatics. Dementia progresses through stages, and patients may have pragmatic
impairment.
What are 2 therapy techniques for memory? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Vanishing- the client is
given progressively less cues after recall attempts of the task information.
2.) Spaced Retrieval- recalling information over expanded intervals of time. Clients try
to recall targeted information/skills without prior models or prompts, and the clinician
only models if there are errors.
What are 2 goals for improving memory? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Orient the person to time,
place, and person in a concrete manner.
2.) Determine and practice what functions the patient will perform in daily activities.
What are 2 therapy techniques for improving language? (Dementia) - ANSWER✔✔-1.)
Simplify the form of language.
2.) Amend the content of language (talk about the present and concrete things that can
be observed)
What are 2 goals for improving language in dementia? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Help the
client develop functional skills, compensatory strategies, and support systems.
2.) Help the client make the most of their residual cognitive abilities.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers
Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-The development of multiple cognitive deficits, including
memory impairment and at least one of the following: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or a
disturbance in executive functioning. Cognitive deficits must represent a decline from
previously higher level functioning, and must be sufficiently severe to cause
impairment in occupational or social functioning.
Symptoms of Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Memory impairment, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia
(failure to recognize/identify objects despite intact sensory function), and executive
dysfunction (impaired ability to think abstractly and to plan, sequence, monitor, and
stop complex activities).
Cortical Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Typically produced by Alzheimer's disease; could
also be caused by Pick disease; neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and
granulovacuolar degeneration.
Subcortical Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Gradual decline in cognitive abilities without any
appreciable loss in associational cortical areas/language; emotional and personality
changes; memory disorders are present and a defective ability to manipulate acquired
knowledge; hypophonia that may progress to mutism; Parkinson's, Huntington's, HIV,
and Wilson's disease can cause it.
Vascular Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Can involve multiple infarcts in cortical, subcortical,
or both areas. Second highest incidence (15-20% of dementia cases); will present a
history of hypertension, heart disease, strokes, abrupt onset, focal neurological signs,
and stepwise breakdown in progression to dementia.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Mixed Dementia - ANSWER✔✔-Both cortical and subcortical involvement; display the
language abnormalities stemming from cortical and speech abnormalities from
subcortical; Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease, HIV, drug intoxication, tumors, etc.
What are the main symptoms of Dementia? - ANSWER✔✔-Memory impairment
Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia (failure to recognize objects despite intact sensory function)
Executive dysfunction (impaired ability to plan, sequence, monitor and stop complex
activities and to think abstractly)
Dementia vs. Aphasia - ANSWER✔✔-Aphasia patients at any level of severity may
have semantic, syntactic, and phonological impairment (except the types where
phonology is intact like Wernicke's or Transcortical sensory), but may retain
pragmatics. Dementia progresses through stages, and patients may have pragmatic
impairment.
What are 2 therapy techniques for memory? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Vanishing- the client is
given progressively less cues after recall attempts of the task information.
2.) Spaced Retrieval- recalling information over expanded intervals of time. Clients try
to recall targeted information/skills without prior models or prompts, and the clinician
only models if there are errors.
What are 2 goals for improving memory? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Orient the person to time,
place, and person in a concrete manner.
2.) Determine and practice what functions the patient will perform in daily activities.
What are 2 therapy techniques for improving language? (Dementia) - ANSWER✔✔-1.)
Simplify the form of language.
2.) Amend the content of language (talk about the present and concrete things that can
be observed)
What are 2 goals for improving language in dementia? - ANSWER✔✔-1.) Help the
client develop functional skills, compensatory strategies, and support systems.
2.) Help the client make the most of their residual cognitive abilities.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
