CIPT Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), releasing personally
identifiable information from a student's educational record requires written
permission from the parent or eligible student in order for information to be?
A. Released to a prospective employer.
B. Released to schools to which a student is transferring.
C. Released to specific individuals for audit or evaluation purposes.
D. Released in response to a judicial order or lawfully ordered subpoena. - ✔✔A.
Released to a prospective employer.
https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/resources/family-educational-rights-and-privacy-
act-
ferpa.html#:~:text=Schools%20need%20written%20permission%20from%20the%20pare
nt%20or,not%20comply%20with%20FERPA%20risk%20losing%20federal%20funding.
Revocation and reissuing of compromised credentials is impossible for which of the
following authentication techniques?
a) Personal identification number.
b) Picture passwords.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,c) Biometric data.
d) Radio frequency identification. - ✔✔c) Biometric data, Biometric recognition systems
are generally user-friendly and designed for ease of use, as they rely on inherent
physical or behavioral traits like fingerprints or facial features. The other options, such
as requiring more maintenance and support (A), being expensive (B), and having
limited compatibility across systems (C), are well-documented drawbacks of biometric
systems.
What is a main benefit of data aggregation?
A. It is a good way to perform analysis without needing a statistician.
B. It applies two or more layers of protection to a single data record.
C. It allows one to draw valid conclusions from small data samples.
D. It is a good way to achieve de-identification and unlinkabilty. - ✔✔D. It is a good
way to achieve de-identification and unlinkabilty. Data aggregation involves collecting
and summarizing data from multiple sources, which can help protect individual
privacy by presenting information in a consolidated form. This process can effectively
de-identify data by removing or obscuring individual-level details, making it more
difficult to link specific information back to particular individuals35. By aggregating
data, organizations can preserve privacy and security while still gaining valuable
insights from the summarized information3.
After committing to a Privacy by Design program, which activity should take place
first?
A. Create a privacy standard that applies to all projects and services.
B. Establish a retention policy for all data being collected.
C. Implement easy to use privacy settings for users.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,D. Perform privacy reviews on new projects. - ✔✔A. Create a privacy standard that
applies to all projects and services. The first activity in a Privacy by Design program
should involve conducting a Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) to identify existing
privacy practices, risks, and compliance gaps12. This foundational step allows the
organization to understand how personal data is handled and ensures privacy
considerations are integrated into the design of systems and processes from the outset.
Creating a privacy standard (A) is important but typically comes after assessing current
practices and risks.
When releasing aggregates, what must be performed to magnitude data to ensure
privacy?
A. Value swapping.
B. Noise addition.
C. Basic rounding.
D. Top coding. - ✔✔B. Noise addition
What term describes two re-identifiable data sets that both come from the same
unidentified individual?
A. Pseudonymous data.
B. Anonymous data.
C. Aggregated data.
D. Imprecise data. - ✔✔A. Pseudonymous data.Pseudonymous data refers to
information that does not directly identify an individual but can be linked back to them
through additional information or by combining multiple data sets5. This type of data
retains a unique identifier that allows for re-identification when combined with other
information, which aligns with the scenario described in the question.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Which of the following most embodies the principle of Data Protection by Default?
A. A messaging app for high school students that uses HTTPS to communicate with the
server.
B. An electronic teddy bear with built-in voice recognition that only responds to its
owner's voice.
C. An internet forum for victims of domestic violence that allows anonymous posts
without registration.
D. A website that has an opt-in form for marketing emails when registering to
download a whitepaper. - ✔✔C. An internet forum for victims of domestic violence that
allows anonymous posts without registration.This best embodies the principle of Data
Protection by Default because it prioritizes user privacy by minimizing data collection
and ensuring anonymity by default. Under this principle, only the necessary data for
the intended purpose should be processed, and privacy-friendly settings should be
enabled automatically, as seen in this example where no registration or personal data is
required to participate.
Aadhaar is a unique-identity number of 12 digits issued to all Indian residents based on
their biometric and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique
Identification Authority of India. The Aadhaar database contains the Aadhaar number,
name, date of birth, gender and address of over 1 billion individuals. Which of the
following datasets derived from that data would be considered the most de-identified?
A. A count of the years of birth and hash of the personג€™ s gender. B. A count of the
month of birth and hash of the person's first name. C. A count of the day of birth and
hash of the personג€™s first initial of their first name. D. Account of the century of birth
and hash of the last 3 digits of the person's Aadhaar number. - ✔✔A. A count of the
years of birth and hash of the person's gender.This option provides the highest level of
de-identification among the given choices because:
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Answers 100% Pass
Under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), releasing personally
identifiable information from a student's educational record requires written
permission from the parent or eligible student in order for information to be?
A. Released to a prospective employer.
B. Released to schools to which a student is transferring.
C. Released to specific individuals for audit or evaluation purposes.
D. Released in response to a judicial order or lawfully ordered subpoena. - ✔✔A.
Released to a prospective employer.
https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/resources/family-educational-rights-and-privacy-
act-
ferpa.html#:~:text=Schools%20need%20written%20permission%20from%20the%20pare
nt%20or,not%20comply%20with%20FERPA%20risk%20losing%20federal%20funding.
Revocation and reissuing of compromised credentials is impossible for which of the
following authentication techniques?
a) Personal identification number.
b) Picture passwords.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,c) Biometric data.
d) Radio frequency identification. - ✔✔c) Biometric data, Biometric recognition systems
are generally user-friendly and designed for ease of use, as they rely on inherent
physical or behavioral traits like fingerprints or facial features. The other options, such
as requiring more maintenance and support (A), being expensive (B), and having
limited compatibility across systems (C), are well-documented drawbacks of biometric
systems.
What is a main benefit of data aggregation?
A. It is a good way to perform analysis without needing a statistician.
B. It applies two or more layers of protection to a single data record.
C. It allows one to draw valid conclusions from small data samples.
D. It is a good way to achieve de-identification and unlinkabilty. - ✔✔D. It is a good
way to achieve de-identification and unlinkabilty. Data aggregation involves collecting
and summarizing data from multiple sources, which can help protect individual
privacy by presenting information in a consolidated form. This process can effectively
de-identify data by removing or obscuring individual-level details, making it more
difficult to link specific information back to particular individuals35. By aggregating
data, organizations can preserve privacy and security while still gaining valuable
insights from the summarized information3.
After committing to a Privacy by Design program, which activity should take place
first?
A. Create a privacy standard that applies to all projects and services.
B. Establish a retention policy for all data being collected.
C. Implement easy to use privacy settings for users.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,D. Perform privacy reviews on new projects. - ✔✔A. Create a privacy standard that
applies to all projects and services. The first activity in a Privacy by Design program
should involve conducting a Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) to identify existing
privacy practices, risks, and compliance gaps12. This foundational step allows the
organization to understand how personal data is handled and ensures privacy
considerations are integrated into the design of systems and processes from the outset.
Creating a privacy standard (A) is important but typically comes after assessing current
practices and risks.
When releasing aggregates, what must be performed to magnitude data to ensure
privacy?
A. Value swapping.
B. Noise addition.
C. Basic rounding.
D. Top coding. - ✔✔B. Noise addition
What term describes two re-identifiable data sets that both come from the same
unidentified individual?
A. Pseudonymous data.
B. Anonymous data.
C. Aggregated data.
D. Imprecise data. - ✔✔A. Pseudonymous data.Pseudonymous data refers to
information that does not directly identify an individual but can be linked back to them
through additional information or by combining multiple data sets5. This type of data
retains a unique identifier that allows for re-identification when combined with other
information, which aligns with the scenario described in the question.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Which of the following most embodies the principle of Data Protection by Default?
A. A messaging app for high school students that uses HTTPS to communicate with the
server.
B. An electronic teddy bear with built-in voice recognition that only responds to its
owner's voice.
C. An internet forum for victims of domestic violence that allows anonymous posts
without registration.
D. A website that has an opt-in form for marketing emails when registering to
download a whitepaper. - ✔✔C. An internet forum for victims of domestic violence that
allows anonymous posts without registration.This best embodies the principle of Data
Protection by Default because it prioritizes user privacy by minimizing data collection
and ensuring anonymity by default. Under this principle, only the necessary data for
the intended purpose should be processed, and privacy-friendly settings should be
enabled automatically, as seen in this example where no registration or personal data is
required to participate.
Aadhaar is a unique-identity number of 12 digits issued to all Indian residents based on
their biometric and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique
Identification Authority of India. The Aadhaar database contains the Aadhaar number,
name, date of birth, gender and address of over 1 billion individuals. Which of the
following datasets derived from that data would be considered the most de-identified?
A. A count of the years of birth and hash of the personג€™ s gender. B. A count of the
month of birth and hash of the person's first name. C. A count of the day of birth and
hash of the personג€™s first initial of their first name. D. Account of the century of birth
and hash of the last 3 digits of the person's Aadhaar number. - ✔✔A. A count of the
years of birth and hash of the person's gender.This option provides the highest level of
de-identification among the given choices because:
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
