Bio 100 Exam 3 Questions With 100% Correct
ANSWERs
A mutation that has no effect on fitness is a ______.
View Available Hint(s)
A. beneficial mutation
B. neutral mutation
C. deleterious mutation
D. silent mutation
E. missense mutation - ANSWER -B. neutral mutation
The mutation resulting in sickle-cell disease changes one base pair of DNA so that
a codon now codes for a different amino acid so it is an example of a _____.
A. nonsense mutation
B. silent mutation
C. missense mutation
D. frameshift mutation - ANSWER -C. missense mutation
A mutation that results in premature termination of translation _____.
A. is a nonsense mutation
B. is a silent mutation
C. is a missense mutation
D. usually has no effect on the function of the protein - ANSWER -A. is a
nonsense mutation
Why might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the level of a protein's
activity?
A. It might substitute the N-terminus of the polypeptide for the C-terminus.
B. It might delay the rate of DNA replication.
,C. It might result in a chromosomal translocation.
D. It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.
E. It might substitute a different amino acid in the active site. - ANSWER -E. It
might substitute a different amino acid in the active site.
Which of the following types of mutation, resulting in an error in the mRNA just
after the AUG start of translation, is likely to have the most serious effect on the
polypeptide product?
A. a deletion of two nucleotides
B. a deletion of a codon
C. a substitution of the third nucleotide in an ACC codon
D. a substitution of the first nucleotide of a GGG codon
E. an insertion of a codon - ANSWER -A. a deletion of two nucleotides
A nonsense mutation in a gene _____.
A. has no effect on the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein
B. prevents introns from being excised
C. alters the reading frame of the mRNA
D. changes an amino acid in the encoded protein
E. introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA - ANSWER -E. introduces a
premature stop codon into the mRNA
A frameshift mutation could result from _____.
A. a base substitution only
B. a base deletion only
C. deletion of three consecutive bases
D. Either an insertion or a deletion of a base
E. a base insertion only - ANSWER -D. Either an insertion or a deletion of a base
Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to damage the protein it
specifies?
,A. a base-pair deletion
B. an addition of three nucleotides
C. a codon deletion
D. a substitution in the last base of a codon - ANSWER -A. a base-pair deletion
Which small-scale mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect on
the functioning of a protein?
A. a base deletion near the start of a gene
B. a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator
codon
C. a base substitution
D. deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence, but not in the
initiator codon
E. a base insertion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator
codon - ANSWER -A. a base deletion near the start of a gene
The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion
of a single codon. This results in _____.
A. a nonsense mutation
B. a polypeptide missing an amino acid
C. a nucleotide mismatch
D. a base-pair substitution
E. a frameshift mutation - ANSWER -B. a polypeptide missing an amino acid
In the article "US companies launch CRISPR clinical trial", what is the disease
that will be the focus of the trial?
A. Alzheimer's
B. Autism
C. Auditory disability
D. Huntington's disease
E. the blood disorder called β-thalassemia - ANSWER -E. the blood disorder
called β-thalassemia
, In the article "In breakthrough, Scientists edit a dangerous mutation from genes in
human embryos", what disease was the dangerous mutation going to result in?
A. Huntington's Disease
B. Alzheimer's Disease
C. Hypertrophic myopathy
D. Chron's Disease
E. Down's syndrome - ANSWER -C. Hypertrophic myopathy
In the article "Gene Editing for Designer Babies?", what does Hank Greely,
director of the
Center for Law and Biosciences at Stanford, say about the prospect of genetic
engineering to make smarter babies to increase the likelihood that they will get into
an Ivy League school?
A. "Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement ..."
B. "It is likely to be done in the next five to 10 years".
C. "We have the tools to do this, but it is unethical to even consider it." D. "We
have about a 50% chance of finding the gene most responsible for intelligence"
E. "Changing intelligence is easy, but doing it safely and without other
complications is the hard
part" - ANSWER -A. "Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement
..."
Which of the following is most directly involved in providing energy to form the
phosphodiester bonds in lengthening a stretch of mRNA that is forming?
A. ATP
B. Adenosine
C. Adenine
D. AMP
E. RNA polymerase - ANSWER -A. ATP
In forming a strand of mRNA, the RNA polymerase binds to
A. the coding strand
B. the non-template strand
C. the ribosome
D. the template strand
ANSWERs
A mutation that has no effect on fitness is a ______.
View Available Hint(s)
A. beneficial mutation
B. neutral mutation
C. deleterious mutation
D. silent mutation
E. missense mutation - ANSWER -B. neutral mutation
The mutation resulting in sickle-cell disease changes one base pair of DNA so that
a codon now codes for a different amino acid so it is an example of a _____.
A. nonsense mutation
B. silent mutation
C. missense mutation
D. frameshift mutation - ANSWER -C. missense mutation
A mutation that results in premature termination of translation _____.
A. is a nonsense mutation
B. is a silent mutation
C. is a missense mutation
D. usually has no effect on the function of the protein - ANSWER -A. is a
nonsense mutation
Why might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the level of a protein's
activity?
A. It might substitute the N-terminus of the polypeptide for the C-terminus.
B. It might delay the rate of DNA replication.
,C. It might result in a chromosomal translocation.
D. It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.
E. It might substitute a different amino acid in the active site. - ANSWER -E. It
might substitute a different amino acid in the active site.
Which of the following types of mutation, resulting in an error in the mRNA just
after the AUG start of translation, is likely to have the most serious effect on the
polypeptide product?
A. a deletion of two nucleotides
B. a deletion of a codon
C. a substitution of the third nucleotide in an ACC codon
D. a substitution of the first nucleotide of a GGG codon
E. an insertion of a codon - ANSWER -A. a deletion of two nucleotides
A nonsense mutation in a gene _____.
A. has no effect on the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein
B. prevents introns from being excised
C. alters the reading frame of the mRNA
D. changes an amino acid in the encoded protein
E. introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA - ANSWER -E. introduces a
premature stop codon into the mRNA
A frameshift mutation could result from _____.
A. a base substitution only
B. a base deletion only
C. deletion of three consecutive bases
D. Either an insertion or a deletion of a base
E. a base insertion only - ANSWER -D. Either an insertion or a deletion of a base
Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to damage the protein it
specifies?
,A. a base-pair deletion
B. an addition of three nucleotides
C. a codon deletion
D. a substitution in the last base of a codon - ANSWER -A. a base-pair deletion
Which small-scale mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect on
the functioning of a protein?
A. a base deletion near the start of a gene
B. a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator
codon
C. a base substitution
D. deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence, but not in the
initiator codon
E. a base insertion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator
codon - ANSWER -A. a base deletion near the start of a gene
The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion
of a single codon. This results in _____.
A. a nonsense mutation
B. a polypeptide missing an amino acid
C. a nucleotide mismatch
D. a base-pair substitution
E. a frameshift mutation - ANSWER -B. a polypeptide missing an amino acid
In the article "US companies launch CRISPR clinical trial", what is the disease
that will be the focus of the trial?
A. Alzheimer's
B. Autism
C. Auditory disability
D. Huntington's disease
E. the blood disorder called β-thalassemia - ANSWER -E. the blood disorder
called β-thalassemia
, In the article "In breakthrough, Scientists edit a dangerous mutation from genes in
human embryos", what disease was the dangerous mutation going to result in?
A. Huntington's Disease
B. Alzheimer's Disease
C. Hypertrophic myopathy
D. Chron's Disease
E. Down's syndrome - ANSWER -C. Hypertrophic myopathy
In the article "Gene Editing for Designer Babies?", what does Hank Greely,
director of the
Center for Law and Biosciences at Stanford, say about the prospect of genetic
engineering to make smarter babies to increase the likelihood that they will get into
an Ivy League school?
A. "Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement ..."
B. "It is likely to be done in the next five to 10 years".
C. "We have the tools to do this, but it is unethical to even consider it." D. "We
have about a 50% chance of finding the gene most responsible for intelligence"
E. "Changing intelligence is easy, but doing it safely and without other
complications is the hard
part" - ANSWER -A. "Right now, we know nothing about genetic enhancement
..."
Which of the following is most directly involved in providing energy to form the
phosphodiester bonds in lengthening a stretch of mRNA that is forming?
A. ATP
B. Adenosine
C. Adenine
D. AMP
E. RNA polymerase - ANSWER -A. ATP
In forming a strand of mRNA, the RNA polymerase binds to
A. the coding strand
B. the non-template strand
C. the ribosome
D. the template strand
