MED SURG 1 HESI: EXAM, 2025/2026
WITH CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to
begin dialysis.
Which condition entered on the client's medical record should the
nurse recognize as a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis?
A. Latent hepatitis C.
B. Crohn's disease with colectomy.
C. 6. History of nephrotic syndrome.
D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
B. Crohn's disease with colectomy.
A client with right hydronephrosis and a history of renal calculi is
preparing for discharge following a retrograde pyelogram.
Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's
discharge instructions?
A. Use an incentive spirometer.
B. Monitor the urinary stream for decreased output.
C. Restrict physical activities.
D. Report when hematuria becomes pink-tinged.
B. Monitor the urinary stream for decreased output.
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis
scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result
should the nurse review?
A. White blood cell count.
B. Platelet count.
,c. Red blood cell count.
D. Hemoglobin levels.
B. Platelet count.
A client with multiple sclerosis has urinary retention related to
sensorimotor deficits.
Which action should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
A. Explain the need to limit intake of oral fluids to reduce client
discomfort.
B. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
C. Remind the client to practice pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises
regularly.
D. Provide a bedside commode for immediate use in the client's
room.
B. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynauds disease is
concerned about pain management. Which nursing instruction
should the nurse provide?
A. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides.
B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against
painful spasms.
C. Return appointments will be needed for IV pain medication.
D. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide pain relief alternatives.
B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against
painful spasms.
The parent of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, "My child has
athlete's foot. I have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for
two days, but there has been no improvement.". Which
,instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Antibiotics take two weeks to become effective against
infections such as athletes foot.
B. Continue using the ointment for a full week, even after the
symptoms disappear.
C. Applying too much ointment can deter its effectiveness. Apply
a thin layer to prevent maceration.
D. Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of feet
and wearing clean socks.
D. Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of feet
and wearing clean socks.
The nurse is educating a client, who was admitted with a blood
glucose level of 580 mg/dL, on how to prevent complications
related to diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client
indicates they have understood the information?
A. Apply lotion to the entire foot to prevent skin cracks.
B. Use salt, herbs, and spices to enhance the flavor of foods.
C. Include no more than 1-2 alcoholic beverages in the diet per
day.
D. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose
control.
D. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose
control.
A client with a history of hypothyroidism was initially admitted
with lethargy and confusion. Which additional finding should the
nurse act upon immediately?
A. Cold and dry skin.
B. Facial puffiness and periorbital edema.
, C. Hematocrit of 30% (0.30 volume fraction).
D. Further decline in the level of consciousness.
D. Further decline in the level of consciousness.
An obese client with emphysema, who smokes at least a pack of
cigarettes daily, is admitted after experiencing a sudden increase
in dyspnea and activity intolerance.
Oxygen therapy is initiated and it is determined that the client will
be discharged with oxygen. Which information is most important
for the nurse to emphasize in the discharge teaching plan?
A. Guidelines for oxygen use.
B. Approaches to conserve energy.
C. Strategies for smoking cessation.
D. Methods for weight loss.
A. Guidelines for oxygen use.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an arteriovenous (AV) graft
in the right forearm for hemodialysis access. The nurse
auscultates a bruit over the graft area. Which intervention should
the nurse implement?
A. Document the findings.
B. Elevate the extremity.
C. Apply gentle pressure.
D. Assess the client's temperature.
A. Document the findings.
A patient in the operating room has been administered
succinylcholine and is now experiencing muscle rigidity and an
extremely high temperature. What should the nurse do next?
A. Call the PACU nurse to prepare for prolonged ventilatory
support.
WITH CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to
begin dialysis.
Which condition entered on the client's medical record should the
nurse recognize as a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis?
A. Latent hepatitis C.
B. Crohn's disease with colectomy.
C. 6. History of nephrotic syndrome.
D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
B. Crohn's disease with colectomy.
A client with right hydronephrosis and a history of renal calculi is
preparing for discharge following a retrograde pyelogram.
Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's
discharge instructions?
A. Use an incentive spirometer.
B. Monitor the urinary stream for decreased output.
C. Restrict physical activities.
D. Report when hematuria becomes pink-tinged.
B. Monitor the urinary stream for decreased output.
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis
scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result
should the nurse review?
A. White blood cell count.
B. Platelet count.
,c. Red blood cell count.
D. Hemoglobin levels.
B. Platelet count.
A client with multiple sclerosis has urinary retention related to
sensorimotor deficits.
Which action should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
A. Explain the need to limit intake of oral fluids to reduce client
discomfort.
B. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
C. Remind the client to practice pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises
regularly.
D. Provide a bedside commode for immediate use in the client's
room.
B. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynauds disease is
concerned about pain management. Which nursing instruction
should the nurse provide?
A. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides.
B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against
painful spasms.
C. Return appointments will be needed for IV pain medication.
D. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide pain relief alternatives.
B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against
painful spasms.
The parent of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, "My child has
athlete's foot. I have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for
two days, but there has been no improvement.". Which
,instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Antibiotics take two weeks to become effective against
infections such as athletes foot.
B. Continue using the ointment for a full week, even after the
symptoms disappear.
C. Applying too much ointment can deter its effectiveness. Apply
a thin layer to prevent maceration.
D. Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of feet
and wearing clean socks.
D. Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of feet
and wearing clean socks.
The nurse is educating a client, who was admitted with a blood
glucose level of 580 mg/dL, on how to prevent complications
related to diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client
indicates they have understood the information?
A. Apply lotion to the entire foot to prevent skin cracks.
B. Use salt, herbs, and spices to enhance the flavor of foods.
C. Include no more than 1-2 alcoholic beverages in the diet per
day.
D. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose
control.
D. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose
control.
A client with a history of hypothyroidism was initially admitted
with lethargy and confusion. Which additional finding should the
nurse act upon immediately?
A. Cold and dry skin.
B. Facial puffiness and periorbital edema.
, C. Hematocrit of 30% (0.30 volume fraction).
D. Further decline in the level of consciousness.
D. Further decline in the level of consciousness.
An obese client with emphysema, who smokes at least a pack of
cigarettes daily, is admitted after experiencing a sudden increase
in dyspnea and activity intolerance.
Oxygen therapy is initiated and it is determined that the client will
be discharged with oxygen. Which information is most important
for the nurse to emphasize in the discharge teaching plan?
A. Guidelines for oxygen use.
B. Approaches to conserve energy.
C. Strategies for smoking cessation.
D. Methods for weight loss.
A. Guidelines for oxygen use.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an arteriovenous (AV) graft
in the right forearm for hemodialysis access. The nurse
auscultates a bruit over the graft area. Which intervention should
the nurse implement?
A. Document the findings.
B. Elevate the extremity.
C. Apply gentle pressure.
D. Assess the client's temperature.
A. Document the findings.
A patient in the operating room has been administered
succinylcholine and is now experiencing muscle rigidity and an
extremely high temperature. What should the nurse do next?
A. Call the PACU nurse to prepare for prolonged ventilatory
support.
