Milady Chapter 21 Workbook questions
and answers with solutions 2025
1. How often do clients who color their hair usually visit the salon? - ANSWER Every 3-12 weeks
2. One of the most creative, challenging, and inspiring salon service is __________. - ANSWER
Haircoloring
3. Haircoloring has the potential for being one of the most __________ areas in which a stylist
can choose to work. - ANSWER Creative
4. List the reasons why a cosmetologist should study and have a thorough understanding of
haircoloring. - ANSWER a) haircoloring services provide stylists and clients with an opportunity
for creative expression and artistry.
b) haircoloring services can cover gray, enhance haircuts, and camouflage face-shape
imperfections.
c) being aware of the strong chemical ingredients in haircoloring, and how they work ensure
safe color services.
5. What are a few reasons clients color their hair? - ANSWER a) cover up or blend gray
(unpigmented) hair
b) enhance an existing hair color
c) create a fashion statement or statement of self expression
,d) correct unwanted tones in hair caused by environmental exposure such as sun or chlorine
e) accentuate a particular haircut
6. In addition to the desired results, what is the determining factor in choosing which hair color
to use that will affect the quality and ultimate success of the service? - ANSWER The structure
of the client's hair
7. Name and describe the three main parts of the hair. - ANSWER 1) CUTICLE - the outer most
layer of the hair, protects the interior cortex layer, contributes about 20% of overall strength.
2) CORTEX - middle layer, majority of strength and elasticity, contains the melanin that
determines hair color.
3) MEDULA - innermost layer, sometimes is absent from hair, does NOT play a role in the
haircoloring process
8. Which part of the hair contains the natural pigment? - ANSWER Cortex
9. The natural color of hair is determined by this substance. - ANSWER Melanin
10. Hair __________ is determined by the diameter of an individual hair strand. - ANSWER
Texture
11. In fine hair, the melanin granules are grouped more __________, so the hair takes color
__________ and can look darker. - ANSWER Tightly, faster
12. Which hair type can take longer to process? - ANSWER Coarse-textured hair
,13. Hair __________ is the number of hairs per square inch, and can range from thin to thick. -
ANSWER Density
14. __________ is the hair's ability to absorb moisture. - ANSWER Porosity
15. Match each of the following degrees of porosity with its description. - ANSWER A) High
porosity - Cuticle is lifted; hair takes color quickly
B) Low porosity - Cuticle is tight; hair is resistant
C) Average porosity - Cuticle is slightly raised; hair is normal and processes in average amount of
time
16. A strand of hair that feels smooth with a cuticle that is compact, dense, and hard has a
__________ porosity. - ANSWER Low
17. Hair that is extremely __________ can process more quickly and result in a deeper hair
color. - ANSWER Porous
18. What is the most important step in becoming a good colorist? - ANSWER Learning to identify
a client's natural hair color.
19. The three main types of melanin in the cortex are: - ANSWER 1) Eumelanin - lends black &
brown colors to hair
2) Pheomelanin - gives blond & red colors to hair
, 3) Mixed melanin - combination that contains both eumalanin and pheomelanin
20. T/F Natrual hair color ranges from black to dark brown to red, and from dark blond to light
blond. - ANSWER True
21. __________ is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or
lightening process. It is also known as __________. - ANSWER Contributing pigment, undertone
22. __________ is the unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness of a color.
- ANSWER Level
23. Haircolor levels are arranged on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 being the __________ and 10
being the __________. - ANSWER Darkest, lightest
24. T/F Gray hair does not require special attention in formulating haircolor. - ANSWER False
25. What is salt-and-pepper hair? - ANSWER When gray hair is blended throughout the head.
26. A person who has hair that is 70 to 90 percent gray usually has the most pigmented hair in
which part of his or her head? - ANSWER The back of the head.
27. The __________ is a system for understanding color relationships. - ANSWER The law of
color.
28. A __________ color is the predominant tone of a color. - ANSWER Base
29. T/F The law of color states that when combining colors, you will always get the same result
from the same combination. - ANSWER True
and answers with solutions 2025
1. How often do clients who color their hair usually visit the salon? - ANSWER Every 3-12 weeks
2. One of the most creative, challenging, and inspiring salon service is __________. - ANSWER
Haircoloring
3. Haircoloring has the potential for being one of the most __________ areas in which a stylist
can choose to work. - ANSWER Creative
4. List the reasons why a cosmetologist should study and have a thorough understanding of
haircoloring. - ANSWER a) haircoloring services provide stylists and clients with an opportunity
for creative expression and artistry.
b) haircoloring services can cover gray, enhance haircuts, and camouflage face-shape
imperfections.
c) being aware of the strong chemical ingredients in haircoloring, and how they work ensure
safe color services.
5. What are a few reasons clients color their hair? - ANSWER a) cover up or blend gray
(unpigmented) hair
b) enhance an existing hair color
c) create a fashion statement or statement of self expression
,d) correct unwanted tones in hair caused by environmental exposure such as sun or chlorine
e) accentuate a particular haircut
6. In addition to the desired results, what is the determining factor in choosing which hair color
to use that will affect the quality and ultimate success of the service? - ANSWER The structure
of the client's hair
7. Name and describe the three main parts of the hair. - ANSWER 1) CUTICLE - the outer most
layer of the hair, protects the interior cortex layer, contributes about 20% of overall strength.
2) CORTEX - middle layer, majority of strength and elasticity, contains the melanin that
determines hair color.
3) MEDULA - innermost layer, sometimes is absent from hair, does NOT play a role in the
haircoloring process
8. Which part of the hair contains the natural pigment? - ANSWER Cortex
9. The natural color of hair is determined by this substance. - ANSWER Melanin
10. Hair __________ is determined by the diameter of an individual hair strand. - ANSWER
Texture
11. In fine hair, the melanin granules are grouped more __________, so the hair takes color
__________ and can look darker. - ANSWER Tightly, faster
12. Which hair type can take longer to process? - ANSWER Coarse-textured hair
,13. Hair __________ is the number of hairs per square inch, and can range from thin to thick. -
ANSWER Density
14. __________ is the hair's ability to absorb moisture. - ANSWER Porosity
15. Match each of the following degrees of porosity with its description. - ANSWER A) High
porosity - Cuticle is lifted; hair takes color quickly
B) Low porosity - Cuticle is tight; hair is resistant
C) Average porosity - Cuticle is slightly raised; hair is normal and processes in average amount of
time
16. A strand of hair that feels smooth with a cuticle that is compact, dense, and hard has a
__________ porosity. - ANSWER Low
17. Hair that is extremely __________ can process more quickly and result in a deeper hair
color. - ANSWER Porous
18. What is the most important step in becoming a good colorist? - ANSWER Learning to identify
a client's natural hair color.
19. The three main types of melanin in the cortex are: - ANSWER 1) Eumelanin - lends black &
brown colors to hair
2) Pheomelanin - gives blond & red colors to hair
, 3) Mixed melanin - combination that contains both eumalanin and pheomelanin
20. T/F Natrual hair color ranges from black to dark brown to red, and from dark blond to light
blond. - ANSWER True
21. __________ is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or
lightening process. It is also known as __________. - ANSWER Contributing pigment, undertone
22. __________ is the unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness of a color.
- ANSWER Level
23. Haircolor levels are arranged on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 being the __________ and 10
being the __________. - ANSWER Darkest, lightest
24. T/F Gray hair does not require special attention in formulating haircolor. - ANSWER False
25. What is salt-and-pepper hair? - ANSWER When gray hair is blended throughout the head.
26. A person who has hair that is 70 to 90 percent gray usually has the most pigmented hair in
which part of his or her head? - ANSWER The back of the head.
27. The __________ is a system for understanding color relationships. - ANSWER The law of
color.
28. A __________ color is the predominant tone of a color. - ANSWER Base
29. T/F The law of color states that when combining colors, you will always get the same result
from the same combination. - ANSWER True
