NURS 5315 SHOCK EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR A GUARANTEED PASS
What is the primary characteristic of shock?
A) Hypertension
B) Inadequate tissue perfusion
C) Increased oxygen delivery
D) Increased cardiac output - ✅✅B) Inadequate tissue perfusion
Rationale: Shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion, leading to decreased
oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells.
Which of the following best describes the primary consequence of anaerobic
metabolism in shock?
A) Increased ATP production
B) Increased oxygen consumption
C) Lactic acid accumulation
D) Enhanced cellular function - ✅✅C) Lactic acid accumulation
,Rationale: Anaerobic metabolism results in lactic acid accumulation, leading to
metabolic acidosis and further impairing cellular function.
What is the major cause of metabolic acidosis in shock?
A) Hypoventilation
B) Excessive bicarbonate production
C) Lactic acid accumulation
D) Hyperkalemia - ✅✅C) Lactic acid accumulation
Rationale: Inadequate oxygen delivery forces cells into anaerobic metabolism,
leading to lactic acid accumulation and metabolic acidosis.
What is the Bohr effect in the context of shock?
A) Increased oxygen binding to hemoglobin
B) Decreased oxygen release to tissues
C) Enhanced oxygen release due to acidosis
D) Reduced hemoglobin production - ✅✅C) Enhanced oxygen release due to
acidosis
,Rationale: Acidosis shifts the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right,
promoting oxygen release to tissues but also increasing tissue hypoxia.
What is the effect of shock on renal function?
A) Increased urine output
B) Decreased urine output (oliguria)
C) Enhanced filtration rate
D) Increased sodium excretion - ✅✅B) Decreased urine output (oliguria)
Rationale: Renal hypoperfusion leads to oliguria, reflecting inadequate blood flow
to the kidneys.
Which compensatory mechanism is activated first in shock?
A) Increased diuresis
B) Baroreceptor activation and tachycardia
C) Increased insulin release
D) Vasodilation - ✅✅B) Baroreceptor activation and tachycardia
Rationale: Baroreceptors detect low blood pressure and activate compensatory
mechanisms like tachycardia and vasoconstriction.
, What role do catecholamines play in shock?
A) Decrease heart rate
B) Increase vasodilation
C) Increase heart rate and contractility
D) Reduce glucose levels - ✅✅C) Increase heart rate and contractility
Rationale: Catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine increase heart rate
and cardiac contractility to maintain perfusion.
What happens to systemic vascular resistance in hypovolemic shock?
A) Decreases
B) Increases
C) Stays the same
D) Alternates between increasing and decreasing - ✅✅B) Increases
Rationale: The body compensates for decreased blood volume by increasing
systemic vascular resistance to maintain blood pressure.
What is the primary function of vasopressors in shock management?
A) Increase cardiac output
B) Decrease metabolic rate
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR A GUARANTEED PASS
What is the primary characteristic of shock?
A) Hypertension
B) Inadequate tissue perfusion
C) Increased oxygen delivery
D) Increased cardiac output - ✅✅B) Inadequate tissue perfusion
Rationale: Shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion, leading to decreased
oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells.
Which of the following best describes the primary consequence of anaerobic
metabolism in shock?
A) Increased ATP production
B) Increased oxygen consumption
C) Lactic acid accumulation
D) Enhanced cellular function - ✅✅C) Lactic acid accumulation
,Rationale: Anaerobic metabolism results in lactic acid accumulation, leading to
metabolic acidosis and further impairing cellular function.
What is the major cause of metabolic acidosis in shock?
A) Hypoventilation
B) Excessive bicarbonate production
C) Lactic acid accumulation
D) Hyperkalemia - ✅✅C) Lactic acid accumulation
Rationale: Inadequate oxygen delivery forces cells into anaerobic metabolism,
leading to lactic acid accumulation and metabolic acidosis.
What is the Bohr effect in the context of shock?
A) Increased oxygen binding to hemoglobin
B) Decreased oxygen release to tissues
C) Enhanced oxygen release due to acidosis
D) Reduced hemoglobin production - ✅✅C) Enhanced oxygen release due to
acidosis
,Rationale: Acidosis shifts the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right,
promoting oxygen release to tissues but also increasing tissue hypoxia.
What is the effect of shock on renal function?
A) Increased urine output
B) Decreased urine output (oliguria)
C) Enhanced filtration rate
D) Increased sodium excretion - ✅✅B) Decreased urine output (oliguria)
Rationale: Renal hypoperfusion leads to oliguria, reflecting inadequate blood flow
to the kidneys.
Which compensatory mechanism is activated first in shock?
A) Increased diuresis
B) Baroreceptor activation and tachycardia
C) Increased insulin release
D) Vasodilation - ✅✅B) Baroreceptor activation and tachycardia
Rationale: Baroreceptors detect low blood pressure and activate compensatory
mechanisms like tachycardia and vasoconstriction.
, What role do catecholamines play in shock?
A) Decrease heart rate
B) Increase vasodilation
C) Increase heart rate and contractility
D) Reduce glucose levels - ✅✅C) Increase heart rate and contractility
Rationale: Catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine increase heart rate
and cardiac contractility to maintain perfusion.
What happens to systemic vascular resistance in hypovolemic shock?
A) Decreases
B) Increases
C) Stays the same
D) Alternates between increasing and decreasing - ✅✅B) Increases
Rationale: The body compensates for decreased blood volume by increasing
systemic vascular resistance to maintain blood pressure.
What is the primary function of vasopressors in shock management?
A) Increase cardiac output
B) Decrease metabolic rate
