NURS100 QUIZ 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Chemical Name - ANSWER--Describes physical & chemical properties
-Complicated & pharm class stems from this
-Ex. N-acetyl-para-aminophenol
Generic Name - ANSWER--Assigned by company that developed drug
-Less complicated & easier to remember; lower case, only 1 per drug
ex. acetaminophen
Trade Name - ANSWER--Assigned by company marketing drug
-Short, easy to remember; always CAPITALIZED, can have several trade names per a drug.
-ex. Tylenol
Uncontrolled Substance - ANSWER--Require monitoring by provider, doesn't pose risk of abuse
Controlled Substance - ANSWER--Potential for abuse, dependence, *schedule classification
High-Alert Medications - ANSWER--Narcotics
-Promethazine
-Sedatives
Drug Schedule I - ANSWER--Highest
-Heroin, Ecstasy
Drug Schedule II - ANSWER--High
-Methadone, morphine, oxycodone
Drug Schedule III - ANSWER--Moderate
-Anabolic steroids
Drug Schedule IV - ANSWER--Lower
-temazepam (Restoril), lorazepam (Ativan)
Drug Schedule V - ANSWER--Lowest
-Cough preparations with codeine
Pregnancy Risk Categories: A - ANSWER--Studies in women fail to show risk to fetus; fetal harm unlikely
Pregnancy Risk Categories: X - ANSWER--Animal & human studies show fetal abnormalities; drug
contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant
Pharmaceutical class - ANSWER--based on how the drug works
-Refers to the mechanism of action (MOA), physiologic effect (PE), and chemical structure (CS) of the
drug
Therapeutic class - ANSWER--based on their actual usefulness
-Refers to the clinical indication for the drug or therapeutic action (e.g., analgesic, antibiotic, or
antihypertensive)
PHARMACOKINETICS (ADME) - ANSWER--Absorption: Transmission of medications from the location of
administration to bloodstream.
-Distribution: Transportation of medications to sites of action by bodily fluid.
-Metabolism: Changes medications into less active forms or inactive forms by the action of enzymes.
Primarily in Liver "first pass".
-Excretion: The elimination of medications from the body, primarily through kidneys.
Aloe - ANSWER-Wound healing
Chammomile - ANSWER-- Anti-inflammatory, calming
Echinacea - ANSWER--Enhances immunity
Garlic - ANSWER--Inhibits platelet aggregation
Ginger - ANSWER--Antiemetic
, Ginkgo biloba - ANSWER--improves memory
Ginseng - ANSWER--Increase physical endurance
Valerian - ANSWER-promotes sleep, reduces anxiety
What is the importance of studying pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER-assists the nurse by ensuring safe
clinical practices and reducing medication errors
How will medication get it? - ANSWER-Absorption
How is medication broken down? - ANSWER-Metabolism- liver
How does medication leave? - ANSWER-Through excretions
Factors that affect the rate of absorption - ANSWER--Route of administration
-ionization
-dissolution
-blood flow
-liquid solubility
-surface area of the absorption site
-client specific factors
Ionization factor for absorption - ANSWER--The pH of the medication & the site of absorption.
-Affects the degree of absorption & the rate at which the drug permeates the cell membrane, which
ultimately impacts the distribution of medication.
ex. Aspirin in its non-iodized state will easily absorbed in the acidic environment of the stomach,
however when entering the small intestine, aspirin becomes ionized and absorbed at a slower rate.
Dissolution factor for absorption - ANSWER-The medication must be dissolved before absorption takes
place.
-Is dependent upon initial state & R.O.A.
-The process where a gaseous, liquid, or solid phase dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
Blood flow factor for absorption - ANSWER-Medications are absorbed more rapidly where blood flow is
high
Lipid solubility factor for absorption - ANSWER--The medication formulation can enter high lipid
solubility or low lipid solubility
Surface area of the absorptive site factor - ANSWER--the size of the surface area where the medication
will be absorbed
Client-Specific Factors affecting absorption - ANSWER-Pathophysiological processes, disease, injury or
age
What must happen to medication before absorption takes place? - ANSWER-Medication must dissolved
in solution, depends on initial state of R.O.A
Which medications are absorbed more rapidly? High lipid soluble or low lipid soluble? - ANSWER-High
Lipid> low lipid
The nurse recently administered oral medication to a client who notified the AP, that they just vomited,
which is the first action the nurse should take first?
a)Notify the provider and obtain further direction
b)Inspect the vomitus for any presence of the medication
c)document that the client vomited after medication administration
d)Instruct the AP to provide mouth care to the client - ANSWER-B
-It is most important to assess for mediation in the vomit. ADPIE, Assessing is the first step in the nursing
process
Who are at high risk for medication toxicity ? - ANSWER-Those with impaired cardiac, liver, and kidney
function
Pharmodynamics - ANSWER-The study of how a medication works
ANSWERS
Chemical Name - ANSWER--Describes physical & chemical properties
-Complicated & pharm class stems from this
-Ex. N-acetyl-para-aminophenol
Generic Name - ANSWER--Assigned by company that developed drug
-Less complicated & easier to remember; lower case, only 1 per drug
ex. acetaminophen
Trade Name - ANSWER--Assigned by company marketing drug
-Short, easy to remember; always CAPITALIZED, can have several trade names per a drug.
-ex. Tylenol
Uncontrolled Substance - ANSWER--Require monitoring by provider, doesn't pose risk of abuse
Controlled Substance - ANSWER--Potential for abuse, dependence, *schedule classification
High-Alert Medications - ANSWER--Narcotics
-Promethazine
-Sedatives
Drug Schedule I - ANSWER--Highest
-Heroin, Ecstasy
Drug Schedule II - ANSWER--High
-Methadone, morphine, oxycodone
Drug Schedule III - ANSWER--Moderate
-Anabolic steroids
Drug Schedule IV - ANSWER--Lower
-temazepam (Restoril), lorazepam (Ativan)
Drug Schedule V - ANSWER--Lowest
-Cough preparations with codeine
Pregnancy Risk Categories: A - ANSWER--Studies in women fail to show risk to fetus; fetal harm unlikely
Pregnancy Risk Categories: X - ANSWER--Animal & human studies show fetal abnormalities; drug
contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant
Pharmaceutical class - ANSWER--based on how the drug works
-Refers to the mechanism of action (MOA), physiologic effect (PE), and chemical structure (CS) of the
drug
Therapeutic class - ANSWER--based on their actual usefulness
-Refers to the clinical indication for the drug or therapeutic action (e.g., analgesic, antibiotic, or
antihypertensive)
PHARMACOKINETICS (ADME) - ANSWER--Absorption: Transmission of medications from the location of
administration to bloodstream.
-Distribution: Transportation of medications to sites of action by bodily fluid.
-Metabolism: Changes medications into less active forms or inactive forms by the action of enzymes.
Primarily in Liver "first pass".
-Excretion: The elimination of medications from the body, primarily through kidneys.
Aloe - ANSWER-Wound healing
Chammomile - ANSWER-- Anti-inflammatory, calming
Echinacea - ANSWER--Enhances immunity
Garlic - ANSWER--Inhibits platelet aggregation
Ginger - ANSWER--Antiemetic
, Ginkgo biloba - ANSWER--improves memory
Ginseng - ANSWER--Increase physical endurance
Valerian - ANSWER-promotes sleep, reduces anxiety
What is the importance of studying pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER-assists the nurse by ensuring safe
clinical practices and reducing medication errors
How will medication get it? - ANSWER-Absorption
How is medication broken down? - ANSWER-Metabolism- liver
How does medication leave? - ANSWER-Through excretions
Factors that affect the rate of absorption - ANSWER--Route of administration
-ionization
-dissolution
-blood flow
-liquid solubility
-surface area of the absorption site
-client specific factors
Ionization factor for absorption - ANSWER--The pH of the medication & the site of absorption.
-Affects the degree of absorption & the rate at which the drug permeates the cell membrane, which
ultimately impacts the distribution of medication.
ex. Aspirin in its non-iodized state will easily absorbed in the acidic environment of the stomach,
however when entering the small intestine, aspirin becomes ionized and absorbed at a slower rate.
Dissolution factor for absorption - ANSWER-The medication must be dissolved before absorption takes
place.
-Is dependent upon initial state & R.O.A.
-The process where a gaseous, liquid, or solid phase dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
Blood flow factor for absorption - ANSWER-Medications are absorbed more rapidly where blood flow is
high
Lipid solubility factor for absorption - ANSWER--The medication formulation can enter high lipid
solubility or low lipid solubility
Surface area of the absorptive site factor - ANSWER--the size of the surface area where the medication
will be absorbed
Client-Specific Factors affecting absorption - ANSWER-Pathophysiological processes, disease, injury or
age
What must happen to medication before absorption takes place? - ANSWER-Medication must dissolved
in solution, depends on initial state of R.O.A
Which medications are absorbed more rapidly? High lipid soluble or low lipid soluble? - ANSWER-High
Lipid> low lipid
The nurse recently administered oral medication to a client who notified the AP, that they just vomited,
which is the first action the nurse should take first?
a)Notify the provider and obtain further direction
b)Inspect the vomitus for any presence of the medication
c)document that the client vomited after medication administration
d)Instruct the AP to provide mouth care to the client - ANSWER-B
-It is most important to assess for mediation in the vomit. ADPIE, Assessing is the first step in the nursing
process
Who are at high risk for medication toxicity ? - ANSWER-Those with impaired cardiac, liver, and kidney
function
Pharmodynamics - ANSWER-The study of how a medication works
