ATI- Medical-Surgical ASSESSMENT GUIDE
2025|MOST COMMON QUESTIONS (THE LATEST
QUIZZES) WITH CORRECTLY
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY A+
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS
What is traction? - Uses a pulling force to promote and maintain alignment of the injured
area. Prescriptions should include the type, amount of weight, and whether it can be removed
for nursing care. Goals include prevent soft tissue injury, realignment of bone fragments,
decrease muscle spasms and pain, and correct or prevent further deformities
What is manual traction? - Pulling force is applied by the hands of the provider for
temporary immobilization, usually with sedation or anesthesia, in conjunction with the
application of an immobilizing device
What is straight or running traction? - the counter traction is provided by the client's
body by applying a pulling force in a straight line. Movement of the client's body can alter the
traction provided
What is straight or running skin traction? - Primary purpose is to decrease muscle spasms
and immobilize the extremity prior to surgery. Pulling force is applied by weights that are
attached by rope to the client's skin with tape, straps, boots, or cuffs. Examples include Byrant's
traction and Buck's traction.
What is Bryant's traction used for? - Congenital hip dislocation in children
What is Buck's traction used for? - Used preoperatively for hip fracture for immobilization
in adult clients
What is balanced suspension? - Counter traction is produced by devices such as slings or
splints to support the fractured extremity off the bed while pulling with ropes and weights. The
client's body can move without altering the traction.
What is external fixation? - Involves fracture immobilization using percutaneous pins and
wires that are attached to a rigid external frame.
, What is external fixation used to treat? - Comminuted fracture or nonunion fractures
with extensive soft tissue damage, leg length discrepancies from congenital defects, bone loss
related to tumors or osteomyelitis
What are the advantages to external fixation? - Immediate fracture stabilization, minimal
blood loss, allows for early mobilization and ambulation, maintaining alignment of closed
fractures that could not be maintained in cast or splint, permitting wound care with open
fractures
What are the disadvantages of external fixation? - Risk of pin sit infection--
>osteomyelitis, potential overwhelming appearance to client, noncompliance issues
What is open reduction? - Refers to visualization of a fracture through an incision in the
skin, and internal fixation with plates, screws, pins, rods, and prosthetics as needed. After the
bone heals, the hardware might be removed, depending on the location and type of hardware.
What is circular external fixation? - Technique to promote new bone growth for malunion
and nonunion fracture. Device is turned 4x/day to pull apart cortex of bone and stimulate
growth
How is compartment syndrome assessed? - Five P's: pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pallor,
and pulselessness
What is fat embolism? - Fat globules from bone marrow are released into the vasculature
and travel to the small blood vessels, resulting in acute respiratory insufficiency and impaired
organ perfusion.
What are early manifestations of fat embolism? - Dyspnea, increased RR, decreased O2
sat, headache, decreased mental acuity, respiratory distress, tachycardia, confusion, chest pain
What are late manifestations of fat embolism? - Cutaneous petechiae (pinpoint sized
subdermal hemorrhages that occur on the neck, chest, upper arms, and abdomen from
blockage of capillaries by fat globules). This is the discriminatory finding from pulmonary
embolism!
What are open drains? - Drain fluid collects in gauze pad or stoma bag and includes
corrugated rubber or plastic sheets. There is an increased risk of infection with use. A Penrose
drain is this type of drain
What are closed drains? - Consist of tubes draining into a bag or bottle. There is a
decreased risk of infection with use. Includes chest and abdominal drains. An example is Jackson
Pratt drain
2025|MOST COMMON QUESTIONS (THE LATEST
QUIZZES) WITH CORRECTLY
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY A+
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS
What is traction? - Uses a pulling force to promote and maintain alignment of the injured
area. Prescriptions should include the type, amount of weight, and whether it can be removed
for nursing care. Goals include prevent soft tissue injury, realignment of bone fragments,
decrease muscle spasms and pain, and correct or prevent further deformities
What is manual traction? - Pulling force is applied by the hands of the provider for
temporary immobilization, usually with sedation or anesthesia, in conjunction with the
application of an immobilizing device
What is straight or running traction? - the counter traction is provided by the client's
body by applying a pulling force in a straight line. Movement of the client's body can alter the
traction provided
What is straight or running skin traction? - Primary purpose is to decrease muscle spasms
and immobilize the extremity prior to surgery. Pulling force is applied by weights that are
attached by rope to the client's skin with tape, straps, boots, or cuffs. Examples include Byrant's
traction and Buck's traction.
What is Bryant's traction used for? - Congenital hip dislocation in children
What is Buck's traction used for? - Used preoperatively for hip fracture for immobilization
in adult clients
What is balanced suspension? - Counter traction is produced by devices such as slings or
splints to support the fractured extremity off the bed while pulling with ropes and weights. The
client's body can move without altering the traction.
What is external fixation? - Involves fracture immobilization using percutaneous pins and
wires that are attached to a rigid external frame.
, What is external fixation used to treat? - Comminuted fracture or nonunion fractures
with extensive soft tissue damage, leg length discrepancies from congenital defects, bone loss
related to tumors or osteomyelitis
What are the advantages to external fixation? - Immediate fracture stabilization, minimal
blood loss, allows for early mobilization and ambulation, maintaining alignment of closed
fractures that could not be maintained in cast or splint, permitting wound care with open
fractures
What are the disadvantages of external fixation? - Risk of pin sit infection--
>osteomyelitis, potential overwhelming appearance to client, noncompliance issues
What is open reduction? - Refers to visualization of a fracture through an incision in the
skin, and internal fixation with plates, screws, pins, rods, and prosthetics as needed. After the
bone heals, the hardware might be removed, depending on the location and type of hardware.
What is circular external fixation? - Technique to promote new bone growth for malunion
and nonunion fracture. Device is turned 4x/day to pull apart cortex of bone and stimulate
growth
How is compartment syndrome assessed? - Five P's: pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pallor,
and pulselessness
What is fat embolism? - Fat globules from bone marrow are released into the vasculature
and travel to the small blood vessels, resulting in acute respiratory insufficiency and impaired
organ perfusion.
What are early manifestations of fat embolism? - Dyspnea, increased RR, decreased O2
sat, headache, decreased mental acuity, respiratory distress, tachycardia, confusion, chest pain
What are late manifestations of fat embolism? - Cutaneous petechiae (pinpoint sized
subdermal hemorrhages that occur on the neck, chest, upper arms, and abdomen from
blockage of capillaries by fat globules). This is the discriminatory finding from pulmonary
embolism!
What are open drains? - Drain fluid collects in gauze pad or stoma bag and includes
corrugated rubber or plastic sheets. There is an increased risk of infection with use. A Penrose
drain is this type of drain
What are closed drains? - Consist of tubes draining into a bag or bottle. There is a
decreased risk of infection with use. Includes chest and abdominal drains. An example is Jackson
Pratt drain
