NURS 1141 Exam 3- Questions With Clear
Solutions
How many kg in a lb Correct Ans - 2.2 lb = 1 kg
How do you calculate flow rate for an infusion pump? Correct Ans
- Volume (mL)/ Time (hr)
What are the usual ranges for flow rates? *Safety Alert* Correct
Ans - 50-200 mL/hr
Where to get drip rate? Correct Ans - Calibration is printed on
packaging of tubing, never assume
Macrodrop IV Tubing Correct Ans - - Delivers 10, 15, 20
gtt/mL
- Used to deliver large volumes
Microdrop IV tubing Correct Ans - - Delivers tiny drops (60
gtt/mL)
- Used to deliver small amount with exactness
How to solve for gravity drip rate? Correct Ans - Volume (mL)/
Time (min) x Drop Factor
IV Push medication considerations Correct Ans - - Results are
rapid and drugs are potent
- Administer over 1-5 min depending on drug
- Medications are diluted in various volumes
- Verify solution compatibility
,- Flush Tubing
- Calculate rate of push
Considerations relating to pediatric calculations Correct Ans - -
Doses are smaller
- IM doses rarely exceed 1 mL (for infants 0.5 mL)
- SubQ are not to exceed 0.5 mL
- Pediatric doses rarely round to tenths
How are neonates weighed? Correct Ans - In grams
How to calculate safe dose? Correct Ans - Multiply weight by
recommend dose
What to do if a dose is unsafe? Correct Ans - Do not administer,
notify HCP
What is a dysrhythmia? Correct Ans - An electrical heart
rhythm that is either
•irregular
•not initiated by the SA node
•abnormal rate
*The 2 terms dysrhythmia and arrhythmia is used interchangeably*
How do heart beat and electricity correlate? Correct Ans - You
cannot have a heart beat without an electrical impulse
but
,You can have an electrical impulse without a heart beat
What is an electrical impulse without a heart beat called? Correct
Ans - PEA (Pulseless electrical activity)
Where should the heart neat originate from? Correct Ans - SA
Node
Properties of a cardiac cell Correct Ans - Automaticity
Conductivity - ability to move along an electrical stimulus
Refractoriness - ability to rest and then become excited
Conduction of SA Node Correct Ans - Depolarization of QRS
and repolarization
QTc Correct Ans - Corrected QT interval (A calculation which
considers heart rate)
QTc >.44 Correct Ans - Patient is more prone to dysrhythmia
What do dysrhythmia drugs effect? Correct Ans - Automaticity,
Conductivity, and Refractoriness
Why is AFib RVR so bad? Correct Ans - The problem with A-fib
is mostly the rate - (but also lack of atrial kick & pooling of blood w/
subsequent clot formation)...no time for chambers to fill properly
and in the case of atria - eject properly.
Prolonging refractory period Correct Ans - The time when an
impulse won't be accepted - translates to lengthened QT -
however...there is a relative refractory period.
, Drugs that lengthen the QT help lengthen the resting period -
preventing rogue rhythms to insinuate themselves onto the
rhythm...however, with a lengthened absolute refractory period, this
also increases the relative refractory period, where the cardiac
rhythm is susceptible to these fatal, ventricular dysrhythmias.
Heart tissue can be susceptible to errant impulses if it's.... Correct
Ans - Ischemic
or
The electrolyte & acid base balance is upset
*Making patients more at risk for vfib/ vtach
Some of the drugs we are giving to stop dysrhythmias, can...
Correct Ans - Cause dysrhythmias (because they lengthen QT)
What are 2 rhythms we want to treat with antidysrhythmics?
Correct Ans - AFlutter - Ectopic atrial impulses firing chaotically
(and fast)
SVT - Ectopic origin is above the ventricles. Patient cannot tolerate
this rhythm (could even be treated with synchronized defib or
cardioversion)
What vital signs would be important if a patient is in a fast rhythm?
*AFTER checking LOC* Correct Ans - Pulse - Checking to see if
the rhythm is perfusing
BP, then the 6 Cardinal signs (Chest pain, SOB, Palpitations, Swollen
limbs, Fatigue)
Solutions
How many kg in a lb Correct Ans - 2.2 lb = 1 kg
How do you calculate flow rate for an infusion pump? Correct Ans
- Volume (mL)/ Time (hr)
What are the usual ranges for flow rates? *Safety Alert* Correct
Ans - 50-200 mL/hr
Where to get drip rate? Correct Ans - Calibration is printed on
packaging of tubing, never assume
Macrodrop IV Tubing Correct Ans - - Delivers 10, 15, 20
gtt/mL
- Used to deliver large volumes
Microdrop IV tubing Correct Ans - - Delivers tiny drops (60
gtt/mL)
- Used to deliver small amount with exactness
How to solve for gravity drip rate? Correct Ans - Volume (mL)/
Time (min) x Drop Factor
IV Push medication considerations Correct Ans - - Results are
rapid and drugs are potent
- Administer over 1-5 min depending on drug
- Medications are diluted in various volumes
- Verify solution compatibility
,- Flush Tubing
- Calculate rate of push
Considerations relating to pediatric calculations Correct Ans - -
Doses are smaller
- IM doses rarely exceed 1 mL (for infants 0.5 mL)
- SubQ are not to exceed 0.5 mL
- Pediatric doses rarely round to tenths
How are neonates weighed? Correct Ans - In grams
How to calculate safe dose? Correct Ans - Multiply weight by
recommend dose
What to do if a dose is unsafe? Correct Ans - Do not administer,
notify HCP
What is a dysrhythmia? Correct Ans - An electrical heart
rhythm that is either
•irregular
•not initiated by the SA node
•abnormal rate
*The 2 terms dysrhythmia and arrhythmia is used interchangeably*
How do heart beat and electricity correlate? Correct Ans - You
cannot have a heart beat without an electrical impulse
but
,You can have an electrical impulse without a heart beat
What is an electrical impulse without a heart beat called? Correct
Ans - PEA (Pulseless electrical activity)
Where should the heart neat originate from? Correct Ans - SA
Node
Properties of a cardiac cell Correct Ans - Automaticity
Conductivity - ability to move along an electrical stimulus
Refractoriness - ability to rest and then become excited
Conduction of SA Node Correct Ans - Depolarization of QRS
and repolarization
QTc Correct Ans - Corrected QT interval (A calculation which
considers heart rate)
QTc >.44 Correct Ans - Patient is more prone to dysrhythmia
What do dysrhythmia drugs effect? Correct Ans - Automaticity,
Conductivity, and Refractoriness
Why is AFib RVR so bad? Correct Ans - The problem with A-fib
is mostly the rate - (but also lack of atrial kick & pooling of blood w/
subsequent clot formation)...no time for chambers to fill properly
and in the case of atria - eject properly.
Prolonging refractory period Correct Ans - The time when an
impulse won't be accepted - translates to lengthened QT -
however...there is a relative refractory period.
, Drugs that lengthen the QT help lengthen the resting period -
preventing rogue rhythms to insinuate themselves onto the
rhythm...however, with a lengthened absolute refractory period, this
also increases the relative refractory period, where the cardiac
rhythm is susceptible to these fatal, ventricular dysrhythmias.
Heart tissue can be susceptible to errant impulses if it's.... Correct
Ans - Ischemic
or
The electrolyte & acid base balance is upset
*Making patients more at risk for vfib/ vtach
Some of the drugs we are giving to stop dysrhythmias, can...
Correct Ans - Cause dysrhythmias (because they lengthen QT)
What are 2 rhythms we want to treat with antidysrhythmics?
Correct Ans - AFlutter - Ectopic atrial impulses firing chaotically
(and fast)
SVT - Ectopic origin is above the ventricles. Patient cannot tolerate
this rhythm (could even be treated with synchronized defib or
cardioversion)
What vital signs would be important if a patient is in a fast rhythm?
*AFTER checking LOC* Correct Ans - Pulse - Checking to see if
the rhythm is perfusing
BP, then the 6 Cardinal signs (Chest pain, SOB, Palpitations, Swollen
limbs, Fatigue)
