UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
What component is left out of assessment of the liver? - ANSWER Auscultation
Function of Liver: Storage - ANSWER Stores minerals and vitamins (iron, magnesium, and fat soluble
vitamins (A, K, E, D)
Function of Liver: Blood Storage - ANSWER the liver can store up to 450 ml of blood that can be later
used in hypovolemic times
Function of Liver: Regulation & Metabolism (6) - ANSWER Forms and secretes bile
Metabolizes protein and synthesizes plasma proteins
Biotransformation of hormones, drugs, and other substances
Stores and releases glycogen
Breaks down and temporarily stores fatty acids and triglycerides
Breaks down amino acids to remove ammonia (converted to urea)
Bile is needed for.... - ANSWER It is needed for digestion and absorption of fats in the GI tract.
Where does the bile that isnt needed at the time go? - ANSWER Gallbladder
It stays here until it is needed by the Liver
What provides protection to the liver? - ANSWER Phagocytic Kupffer cells
What do phagocytic kupffer cells do? - ANSWER They engulf harmful bacteria in the liver, as well as
anemic RBCs. They detoxify potentially harmful chemicals that could lead to further damage of the liver
and body.
,UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
What is secreted in bile? - ANSWER Waste products
Liver secretes bile via the ________ into the ________ - ANSWER common bile duct into the small
intestine
What gives bile its color? - ANSWER bilirubin
Examples of the plasma proteins that the liver synthesizes? - ANSWER Albumin, clotting factors,
fibrinogen, and prothrombin
What causes fatigue? - ANSWER decreased glycogen release from the liver
What causes fever? - ANSWER Liver inflammation
Neurological factors in clients with liver disfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Increased ammonia
Increased bruising in clients with liver disfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Decreased clotting
Dyspnea and edema in clients with liver dysfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Increased fluid (too much
fluid)
Why would a client have hemochromatosis? - ANSWER too much iron absorption in the liver
Why would a client have Wilson's disease? - ANSWER Copper accumulation in the liver
A clients AST and ALT and LDH would be ____ if they have liver damage? - ANSWER INCREASED
,UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
Total protein and albumin would be _____ if a client had liver damage? - ANSWER DECREASED
(because the liver cannot metabolize and manufacture the proteins)
Why would a client with liver disease be at risk for bleeding? - ANSWER They have problems with
clotting times (liver cannot metabolize the plasma proteins responsible for clotting)
What does DM, hyperlipidemia and obesity lead to? - ANSWER Fatty liver disease due to accumulation
of fats
What is hepatitis? - ANSWER Necrosis and inflammation of liver cells due to viruses, toxins, and/or
chemicals
What causes hepatitis? - ANSWER Viruses (most common)
Alcohol
Drugs/medications
What supplies blood to the liver? - ANSWER hepatic artery and portal vein
The hepatic portal vein is full of? - ANSWER nutrients from the GI tract
Where does the blood from the hepatic artery come from? - ANSWER The heart (oxygen rich)
1. The nurse is caring for a woman recently diagnosed with viral hepatitis A. Which individual should the
nurse refer for an immunoglobulin (IG) injection?
a. A caregiver who lives in the same household with the patient
b. A friend who delivers meals to the patient and family each week
c. A relative with a history of hepatitis A who visits the patient daily
d. A child living in the home who received the Hepatitis A vaccine 3 months ago. - ANSWER a. A
caregiver who lives in the same household with the patient
, UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
1. The nurse provides discharge instructions for a 64-yr-old woman with ascites and peripheral edema
related to cirrhosis. Which patient statement indicates teaching was effective?
a. "Lactulose should be taken every day to prevent constipation."
b. "It is safe to take acetaminophen up to four times a day for pain."
c. "Herbs and other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt."
d. "I will eat foods high in potassium while taking spironolactone (Aldactone)" - ANSWER c. "Herbs and
other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt."
1. The health care provider orders lactulose for a patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding
indicates the medication has been effective?
a. Relief of constipation
b. Relief of abdominal pain
c. Decreased liver enzymes
d. Decreased ammonia levels - ANSWER d. Decreased ammonia levels
1. When planning care for a patient with cirrhosis, the nurse will give highest priority to which nursing
diagnosis?
a. Impaired skin integrity related to edema, ascites, and pruritus
b. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to anorexia.
c. Excess fluid volume related to portal HTN and hyperaldosteronism
d. Ineffective breathing pattern related to pressure on diaphragm and reduced lung volume - ANSWER
d. Ineffective breathing pattern related to pressure on diaphragm and reduced lung volume
1. A patient with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) present in the serum is being discharged with pain
medication after knee surgery. Which medication order should the nurse question?
a. Tramadol
b. Hydromorphone
c. Oxycodone with aspirin
and complete solutions.
UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
What component is left out of assessment of the liver? - ANSWER Auscultation
Function of Liver: Storage - ANSWER Stores minerals and vitamins (iron, magnesium, and fat soluble
vitamins (A, K, E, D)
Function of Liver: Blood Storage - ANSWER the liver can store up to 450 ml of blood that can be later
used in hypovolemic times
Function of Liver: Regulation & Metabolism (6) - ANSWER Forms and secretes bile
Metabolizes protein and synthesizes plasma proteins
Biotransformation of hormones, drugs, and other substances
Stores and releases glycogen
Breaks down and temporarily stores fatty acids and triglycerides
Breaks down amino acids to remove ammonia (converted to urea)
Bile is needed for.... - ANSWER It is needed for digestion and absorption of fats in the GI tract.
Where does the bile that isnt needed at the time go? - ANSWER Gallbladder
It stays here until it is needed by the Liver
What provides protection to the liver? - ANSWER Phagocytic Kupffer cells
What do phagocytic kupffer cells do? - ANSWER They engulf harmful bacteria in the liver, as well as
anemic RBCs. They detoxify potentially harmful chemicals that could lead to further damage of the liver
and body.
,UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
What is secreted in bile? - ANSWER Waste products
Liver secretes bile via the ________ into the ________ - ANSWER common bile duct into the small
intestine
What gives bile its color? - ANSWER bilirubin
Examples of the plasma proteins that the liver synthesizes? - ANSWER Albumin, clotting factors,
fibrinogen, and prothrombin
What causes fatigue? - ANSWER decreased glycogen release from the liver
What causes fever? - ANSWER Liver inflammation
Neurological factors in clients with liver disfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Increased ammonia
Increased bruising in clients with liver disfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Decreased clotting
Dyspnea and edema in clients with liver dysfunction is caused by? - ANSWER Increased fluid (too much
fluid)
Why would a client have hemochromatosis? - ANSWER too much iron absorption in the liver
Why would a client have Wilson's disease? - ANSWER Copper accumulation in the liver
A clients AST and ALT and LDH would be ____ if they have liver damage? - ANSWER INCREASED
,UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
Total protein and albumin would be _____ if a client had liver damage? - ANSWER DECREASED
(because the liver cannot metabolize and manufacture the proteins)
Why would a client with liver disease be at risk for bleeding? - ANSWER They have problems with
clotting times (liver cannot metabolize the plasma proteins responsible for clotting)
What does DM, hyperlipidemia and obesity lead to? - ANSWER Fatty liver disease due to accumulation
of fats
What is hepatitis? - ANSWER Necrosis and inflammation of liver cells due to viruses, toxins, and/or
chemicals
What causes hepatitis? - ANSWER Viruses (most common)
Alcohol
Drugs/medications
What supplies blood to the liver? - ANSWER hepatic artery and portal vein
The hepatic portal vein is full of? - ANSWER nutrients from the GI tract
Where does the blood from the hepatic artery come from? - ANSWER The heart (oxygen rich)
1. The nurse is caring for a woman recently diagnosed with viral hepatitis A. Which individual should the
nurse refer for an immunoglobulin (IG) injection?
a. A caregiver who lives in the same household with the patient
b. A friend who delivers meals to the patient and family each week
c. A relative with a history of hepatitis A who visits the patient daily
d. A child living in the home who received the Hepatitis A vaccine 3 months ago. - ANSWER a. A
caregiver who lives in the same household with the patient
, UNIT 5- Liver and Diabetes 375 Correct
and complete solutions.
1. The nurse provides discharge instructions for a 64-yr-old woman with ascites and peripheral edema
related to cirrhosis. Which patient statement indicates teaching was effective?
a. "Lactulose should be taken every day to prevent constipation."
b. "It is safe to take acetaminophen up to four times a day for pain."
c. "Herbs and other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt."
d. "I will eat foods high in potassium while taking spironolactone (Aldactone)" - ANSWER c. "Herbs and
other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt."
1. The health care provider orders lactulose for a patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding
indicates the medication has been effective?
a. Relief of constipation
b. Relief of abdominal pain
c. Decreased liver enzymes
d. Decreased ammonia levels - ANSWER d. Decreased ammonia levels
1. When planning care for a patient with cirrhosis, the nurse will give highest priority to which nursing
diagnosis?
a. Impaired skin integrity related to edema, ascites, and pruritus
b. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to anorexia.
c. Excess fluid volume related to portal HTN and hyperaldosteronism
d. Ineffective breathing pattern related to pressure on diaphragm and reduced lung volume - ANSWER
d. Ineffective breathing pattern related to pressure on diaphragm and reduced lung volume
1. A patient with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) present in the serum is being discharged with pain
medication after knee surgery. Which medication order should the nurse question?
a. Tramadol
b. Hydromorphone
c. Oxycodone with aspirin
