NSG 318 EXAM 1 (Latest Update )
Introduction to Pharmacology Exam | Questions
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A
pharmacology - ANSWER study of drugs
drug - ANSWER Chemical that affects physiologic process of a living organism
Nursing Implications - ANSWER The concepts that a nurse must include when they are safely
administering medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration - ANSWER Sublingual (buccal), oral,
transdermal (topical creams/ lotions), instillation (eye drops/sprays), inhalation, nasogastric and
gastrostomy tubes, suppositories, parenteral
6 rights of administration - ANSWER 1. Right patient
2. Right drug
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label - ANSWER Chemical Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
,Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) - ANSWER 120/80
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER what the body does to the drug
pharmacokinetic phases - ANSWER -absorption (drug movement from GI tract into
bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion - ANSWER -drugs that affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) - ANSWER Time it takes to get rid of half of the drug; gives us good time to
administer rest of the dose and when we can expect to see side effects
Loading dose - ANSWER use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow
the drug to reach the critical concentration sooner
photosensitivity - ANSWER - sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
, factors affecting absorption - ANSWER Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability - ANSWER Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
Changes in liver metabolism
what can affect absorption - ANSWER Blood circulation, pain, stress, pH, administration route,
and food texture, fat content, and temperature
What is bioavailability? - ANSWER The percentage of administered drug available for activity.
what can affect bioavailability - ANSWER The form of the drug, route of administration, gastric
mucosa and motility, administration with food and other drugs, and changes in liver metabolism
affect it.
what metabolizes drugs - ANSWER liver
what excretes drugs - ANSWER kidneys
what impacts drug excretion - ANSWER drugs that affect renal excretion, drugs that decrease
cardiac output, diuretics, drugs that compete, urine pH, and decreased renal/ hepatic function
Introduction to Pharmacology Exam | Questions
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A
pharmacology - ANSWER study of drugs
drug - ANSWER Chemical that affects physiologic process of a living organism
Nursing Implications - ANSWER The concepts that a nurse must include when they are safely
administering medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration - ANSWER Sublingual (buccal), oral,
transdermal (topical creams/ lotions), instillation (eye drops/sprays), inhalation, nasogastric and
gastrostomy tubes, suppositories, parenteral
6 rights of administration - ANSWER 1. Right patient
2. Right drug
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label - ANSWER Chemical Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
,Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) - ANSWER 120/80
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER what the body does to the drug
pharmacokinetic phases - ANSWER -absorption (drug movement from GI tract into
bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion - ANSWER -drugs that affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) - ANSWER Time it takes to get rid of half of the drug; gives us good time to
administer rest of the dose and when we can expect to see side effects
Loading dose - ANSWER use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow
the drug to reach the critical concentration sooner
photosensitivity - ANSWER - sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
, factors affecting absorption - ANSWER Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability - ANSWER Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
Changes in liver metabolism
what can affect absorption - ANSWER Blood circulation, pain, stress, pH, administration route,
and food texture, fat content, and temperature
What is bioavailability? - ANSWER The percentage of administered drug available for activity.
what can affect bioavailability - ANSWER The form of the drug, route of administration, gastric
mucosa and motility, administration with food and other drugs, and changes in liver metabolism
affect it.
what metabolizes drugs - ANSWER liver
what excretes drugs - ANSWER kidneys
what impacts drug excretion - ANSWER drugs that affect renal excretion, drugs that decrease
cardiac output, diuretics, drugs that compete, urine pH, and decreased renal/ hepatic function
