,TEST BANK FOR
x x
Immunology x and x Serology x in x Laboratory x Medicine, x 7th x Edition x by x Mary x Louise x Turgeon
Chapter x 1-27
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
x x x x x x x x x
MULTIPLE x CHOICE
1. The x―father‖ xof ximmunology xis x generally xconsidered xto xbe
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B
Louis xPasteur xis x generally xconsidered x to x be x the x―father x of x immunology.‖
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
2. An x early x form x of x immunization x was x practiced x by x the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native x Americans.
ANS: C
Beginning xabout x1000 x AD, xthe xChinese xpracticed x a xform xof ximmunization xby xinhaling xdried
x powders x derived x from x the x crusts x of x smallpox xlesions.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
3. A x specific x function x of x the x immune x system x is x to
a. recognize x self x from x nonself.
b. defend x the x body x against x nonself.
c. amplify x specific x functions.
d. Both x A x and x B.
ANS: D
The xfunction x of x the x immune x system x is x to x recognize x self x from x nonself x and x defend x the
x body xagainst x nonself. x Such x a x system x is x necessary x for x survival. x The x immune x system
x also x has xnonspecific xeffector xmechanisms xthat xusually xamplify xthe xspecific xfunctions.
xNonspecific x components xof xthe ximmune xsystem xinclude xmononuclear xphagocytes,
xpolymorphonuclear xleukocytes, xand xsoluble xfactors x(e.g., xcomplement).
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
4. An x undesirable x consequence x of x immunity x is
a. natural x resistance.
b. acquired x resistance x to x infectious x diseases.
, c. an x autoimmune x disorder.
d. recovery x from x infectious x disease.
ANS: C
The xdesirable xconsequences xof ximmunity xinclude xnatural xresistance, xrecovery, xand xacquired
x resistance xto xinfectious xdiseases. xA xdeficiency xor xdysfunction xof xthe ximmune xsystem xcan
x cause x many x disorders. x Undesirable x consequences x of x immunity x include x allergy,
x rejection x of xa xtransplanted xorgan, xor xan xautoimmune xdisorder.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
5. The x immune x system x has x various x distinctive x characteristics x except;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation x among x different x cells.
ANS: D
The x immune x system x is x composed x of x a x large, x complex x set x of x widely xdistributed
x elements, xwith xthe xdistinctive xcharacteristics xof xspecificity, xmemory, xmobility, xreplicability,
xand x cooperation xamong xdifferent xcells xor xcellular xproducts. xSpecificity xand xmemory xare
x characteristics xof xlymphocytes xin xthe ximmune xsystem. xNonspecific xelements xof xthe
ximmune x system xdemonstrate x mobility. xIn x addition, xspecific xand xnonspecific xcellular
xcomponents xof xthe ximmune xsystem xcan xreplicate. xCooperation x is xrequired xfor xoptimal
xfunctioning, x and x interaction x involves x specific x cellular x elements, x cell x products, x and
x nonlymphoid x elements.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
6. Hematopoiesis x occurs x in x the x yolk x sac x during x the
a. immediate x hours x after x conception
b. second x month x of x gestation.
c. second x trimester x of x gestation.
d. periods x of x severe x anemia x in x children.
ANS: A
The x sites x of x blood x cell x development, x or x hematopoiesis, x follow x a x definite x sequence x in
x the xembryo x and xfetus. xHematopoiesis x occurs xin xthe xyolk xsac xduring xthe xsecond x month xof
xgestation.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
7. The x sequence x of x blood x cell x development x in x the x embryo x and x fetus x is
a. yolk x sac, x liver-spleen, x bone x marrow.
b. yolk x sac, x bone x marrow, x liver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen, x yolk x sac, x bone x marrow.
d. bone x marrow, x liver-spleen, x yolk x sac.
ANS: A
, The x first x blood x cells x are x primitive x red x blood x cells x (erythroblasts; x RBCs) x formed x in
x the xislets x of x the x yolk x sac x during x the x first x 2 x to x 8 x weeks x of x life. x Gradually, x the x liver
x and x spleen xreplace x the x yolk x sac x as x the x sites x of x blood x cell x development. x By x the
x second x month x of xgestation, x the x liver x becomes x the x major x site x of x hematopoiesis,
x and x granular x types x of xleukocytes x have x made x their x initial x appearance. x The x liver
x and x spleen x predominate x from xabout x 2 x to x 5 x months x of x fetal x life. x In x the x fourth
x month x of x gestation, x bone x marrow x begins xto x produce x blood x cells. x After xthe x fifth
x fetal x month, x bone x marrow x begins x to x assume x its xultimate x role x as x the x primary x site
x of x hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
8. The x primary x function x of x mature x neutrophils x is
a. to x reduce x inflammation.
b. to x lyse x parasites x in x the x circulatory x system.
c. antigen x recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D
Various xphagocytic xcells x continually xcirculate xthroughout xthe xblood, xlymph, xgastrointestinal
x system, x and x respiratory x tract. x When x trauma x occurs, x the x neutrophils x arrive x at x the
x site x of xinjury x and x can x be x found x in x the x initial x exudate x in x less x than x 1 x hour.
x Monocytes x are x slower xin x moving xto x the x inflammatory x site. x Macrophages x resident x in
x the x tissues x of x the x body x are xalready x in x place x to x deal x with x an xintruding xagent.
x Additional xmacrophages x from xthe xbone xmarrow x and x other xtissues x can x be x released x in
x severe x infections.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
9. Primary x granules, x or x azurophilic x granules, x in x neutrophils x contain
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both x A x and x B.
ANS: D
Granules x in x the x phagocyte x cytosol x contain x degradatory x enzymes x of x three x types
1. Primary, x or xazurophilic, xgranules xcontaining xenzymes
x(e.g., xlysozyme, xmyeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, x or x specific, x granules x containing x substances x such x as x lactoferrin.
3. Tertiary x granules x containing x substances x such x as x caspases
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
10. The x origin x of x a x condition xwhen x eosinophils x are xincreased xin xthe xcirculating xblood
x is xassociated xwith:
a. fungus
b. parasitic x amoeba
c. allergic x reactions
d. bacteria
ANS: C
x x
Immunology x and x Serology x in x Laboratory x Medicine, x 7th x Edition x by x Mary x Louise x Turgeon
Chapter x 1-27
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
x x x x x x x x x
MULTIPLE x CHOICE
1. The x―father‖ xof ximmunology xis x generally xconsidered xto xbe
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B
Louis xPasteur xis x generally xconsidered x to x be x the x―father x of x immunology.‖
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
2. An x early x form x of x immunization x was x practiced x by x the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native x Americans.
ANS: C
Beginning xabout x1000 x AD, xthe xChinese xpracticed x a xform xof ximmunization xby xinhaling xdried
x powders x derived x from x the x crusts x of x smallpox xlesions.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
3. A x specific x function x of x the x immune x system x is x to
a. recognize x self x from x nonself.
b. defend x the x body x against x nonself.
c. amplify x specific x functions.
d. Both x A x and x B.
ANS: D
The xfunction x of x the x immune x system x is x to x recognize x self x from x nonself x and x defend x the
x body xagainst x nonself. x Such x a x system x is x necessary x for x survival. x The x immune x system
x also x has xnonspecific xeffector xmechanisms xthat xusually xamplify xthe xspecific xfunctions.
xNonspecific x components xof xthe ximmune xsystem xinclude xmononuclear xphagocytes,
xpolymorphonuclear xleukocytes, xand xsoluble xfactors x(e.g., xcomplement).
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
4. An x undesirable x consequence x of x immunity x is
a. natural x resistance.
b. acquired x resistance x to x infectious x diseases.
, c. an x autoimmune x disorder.
d. recovery x from x infectious x disease.
ANS: C
The xdesirable xconsequences xof ximmunity xinclude xnatural xresistance, xrecovery, xand xacquired
x resistance xto xinfectious xdiseases. xA xdeficiency xor xdysfunction xof xthe ximmune xsystem xcan
x cause x many x disorders. x Undesirable x consequences x of x immunity x include x allergy,
x rejection x of xa xtransplanted xorgan, xor xan xautoimmune xdisorder.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
5. The x immune x system x has x various x distinctive x characteristics x except;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation x among x different x cells.
ANS: D
The x immune x system x is x composed x of x a x large, x complex x set x of x widely xdistributed
x elements, xwith xthe xdistinctive xcharacteristics xof xspecificity, xmemory, xmobility, xreplicability,
xand x cooperation xamong xdifferent xcells xor xcellular xproducts. xSpecificity xand xmemory xare
x characteristics xof xlymphocytes xin xthe ximmune xsystem. xNonspecific xelements xof xthe
ximmune x system xdemonstrate x mobility. xIn x addition, xspecific xand xnonspecific xcellular
xcomponents xof xthe ximmune xsystem xcan xreplicate. xCooperation x is xrequired xfor xoptimal
xfunctioning, x and x interaction x involves x specific x cellular x elements, x cell x products, x and
x nonlymphoid x elements.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
6. Hematopoiesis x occurs x in x the x yolk x sac x during x the
a. immediate x hours x after x conception
b. second x month x of x gestation.
c. second x trimester x of x gestation.
d. periods x of x severe x anemia x in x children.
ANS: A
The x sites x of x blood x cell x development, x or x hematopoiesis, x follow x a x definite x sequence x in
x the xembryo x and xfetus. xHematopoiesis x occurs xin xthe xyolk xsac xduring xthe xsecond x month xof
xgestation.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
7. The x sequence x of x blood x cell x development x in x the x embryo x and x fetus x is
a. yolk x sac, x liver-spleen, x bone x marrow.
b. yolk x sac, x bone x marrow, x liver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen, x yolk x sac, x bone x marrow.
d. bone x marrow, x liver-spleen, x yolk x sac.
ANS: A
, The x first x blood x cells x are x primitive x red x blood x cells x (erythroblasts; x RBCs) x formed x in
x the xislets x of x the x yolk x sac x during x the x first x 2 x to x 8 x weeks x of x life. x Gradually, x the x liver
x and x spleen xreplace x the x yolk x sac x as x the x sites x of x blood x cell x development. x By x the
x second x month x of xgestation, x the x liver x becomes x the x major x site x of x hematopoiesis,
x and x granular x types x of xleukocytes x have x made x their x initial x appearance. x The x liver
x and x spleen x predominate x from xabout x 2 x to x 5 x months x of x fetal x life. x In x the x fourth
x month x of x gestation, x bone x marrow x begins xto x produce x blood x cells. x After xthe x fifth
x fetal x month, x bone x marrow x begins x to x assume x its xultimate x role x as x the x primary x site
x of x hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
8. The x primary x function x of x mature x neutrophils x is
a. to x reduce x inflammation.
b. to x lyse x parasites x in x the x circulatory x system.
c. antigen x recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D
Various xphagocytic xcells x continually xcirculate xthroughout xthe xblood, xlymph, xgastrointestinal
x system, x and x respiratory x tract. x When x trauma x occurs, x the x neutrophils x arrive x at x the
x site x of xinjury x and x can x be x found x in x the x initial x exudate x in x less x than x 1 x hour.
x Monocytes x are x slower xin x moving xto x the x inflammatory x site. x Macrophages x resident x in
x the x tissues x of x the x body x are xalready x in x place x to x deal x with x an xintruding xagent.
x Additional xmacrophages x from xthe xbone xmarrow x and x other xtissues x can x be x released x in
x severe x infections.
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x II
9. Primary x granules, x or x azurophilic x granules, x in x neutrophils x contain
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both x A x and x B.
ANS: D
Granules x in x the x phagocyte x cytosol x contain x degradatory x enzymes x of x three x types
1. Primary, x or xazurophilic, xgranules xcontaining xenzymes
x(e.g., xlysozyme, xmyeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, x or x specific, x granules x containing x substances x such x as x lactoferrin.
3. Tertiary x granules x containing x substances x such x as x caspases
DIF: Cognitive x Level: x I
10. The x origin x of x a x condition xwhen x eosinophils x are xincreased xin xthe xcirculating xblood
x is xassociated xwith:
a. fungus
b. parasitic x amoeba
c. allergic x reactions
d. bacteria
ANS: C
