EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
The four major classes of lifes large biological molecules do NOT include
nucleic acids.
amino acids.
proteins.
lipids.
polysaccharides. - ansamino acids
Lifes large molecules all share the following properties except
a complex three-dimensional structure.
being quick and easy to assemble.
being quick and easy to break down.
being based mainly on oxygen.
being constructed from small building blocks. - ansbeing based mainly on oxygen
All large biological molecules are based on
-carbon atoms because carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and
can thus form large, complex structures.
-carbon atoms because C-H bonds are nonpolar.
-oxygen atoms because oxygen has a strong attraction for electrons.
-oxygen atoms because the O-H bond is polar and thus allows for hydrogen bonds to form
that can contribute to the formation of large conglomerates. - anscarbon atoms because
carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and can thus form large,
complex structures.
Which of the three options below correctly describe the advantages of constructing lifes large
molecules from small building blocks. Option 1: A no-longer-needed molecule can be broken
down and a different one constructed from the same building blocks. Option 2: A great
variety of large molecules can be constructed from a small number of building blocks. Option
3: An animal can eat a plant, break down the plants large molecules to its building blocks and
use these to construct its own large molecules.
Options 1, 2, and 3
Only option 1 and 2
Only option 1
Only option 2
Only option 3 - ansOptions 1, 2, and 3
Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats?
lard
beef fat
olive oil
butter
a fat that is solid at room temperature - ansolive oil
Four of the five options below finish the sentence in a way that results in a true statement.
Find the one that results in a false statement. A fatty acid tail contains lots and lots of
C-C bonds
C-H bonds
bonds with tightly held electrons
,EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
bonds with loosely held electrons
energy - ansbonds with tightly held electrons
What causes kinks in fatty acids?
C=C double bonds
C-H bonds
C=O double bonds
C-C bonds
O-H bonds - ansC=C double bonds
What is the total number of H atoms (white balls) in the saturated (C18:0) fatty acid and the
monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1), respectively, depicted in our lecture PPT.
-The saturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms
-The saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms
-Both fatty acids have 34 H atoms
-Both fatty acids have 36 H atoms - ansThe saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the
monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms
A polyunsaturated fatty acid with four C=C bonds has how many hydrogen atoms compared
to a saturated fatty acid with the same number of carbon atoms?
While the number of C=C bonds is different, the number of H atoms is the same.
8 less
8 more
4 less
4 more - ans8 less
What results from the removal of hydrogen atoms from the fatty acid tails of saturated fat?
-An increase in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
-A decrease in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
-The fat becomes more solid.
-A decrease in the number of bends, or kinks, in the fatty acid tails.
-Burning of the fat with fewer hydrogen atoms will release more energy. - ansAn increase in
the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
Four of the five features below are characteristics of C-H bonds. Which option below is not.
nonpolar
high chemical potential energy
relatively low stability
low chemical potential energy
can be burned to carbon dioxide and water - anslow chemical potential energy
The burning of natural gas (methane) releases energy because
-methane contains tightly held electrons.
-carbon dioxide and water contain loosely held electrons.
bonds with loosely held electrons are converted to bonds with tightly held electrons.
-polar covalent bonds are converted to nonpolar covalent bonds.
-C=O and O-H bonds are converted to C-H bonds. - ansbonds with loosely held electrons are
converted to bonds with tightly held electrons.
,EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
Of the following fats, each with 18 carbon atoms in each of their fatty acid chains, which has
the LOWEST energy content? A fat with
-three monounsaturated fatty acids.
-one saturated fatty acid plus two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 3 C=C bonds.
-one polyunsaturated fatty acid with 3 C=C bonds plus two monounsaturated fatty acids.
-one monounsaturated fatty acid and two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 2 C=C bonds.
- ansone saturated fatty acid plus two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 3 C=C bonds.
Which of the following fats, each with the same total number of carbon atoms, has the
highest energy content?
a fat composed of saturated fatty acids
a fat composed of monounsaturated fatty acids
a fat composed of fatty acids with 2 double bonds each
a fat composed of fatty acids with 3 double bonds each - ansa fat composed of saturated fatty
acids
How many glycerol molecules does a triglyceride contain?
none
one
two
three
four - ansone
True or False? Judging from the structure of a fat, one should expect lots of hydrogen bonds
between the fatty acid chains.
True
False - ansFalse
Four of the five statements below correctly describe the features of a polyunsaturated fatty
acid. Find the one statement that is NOT true for a polyunsaturated fatty acid.
-It is fluid at room temperature.
-It has two or more kinks.
-It has two or more C=C bonds.
-It has more C-H bonds than a monounsaturated fatty acid with the same number of C atoms.
-It has a lower energy content than a saturated fatty acid with the same number of C atoms. -
ansIt has more C-H bonds than a monounsaturated fatty acid with the same number of C
atoms.
Which of the following statements best summarizes the relationship between dehydration
synthesis and hydrolysis?
-Dehydration synthesis creates polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers.
-Dehydration synthesis breaks down monomers and hydrolysis creates polymers.
-Polymer breakdown occurs by water removal and polymer synthesis occurs by water
addition.
-Dehydration synthesis breaks down polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers. -
ansDehydration synthesis creates polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers.
Fill in the blanks: All of lifes large molecules are synthesized by __________ and broken
down by __________.
, EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
hydrolysis; dehydration
removal of a water molecule; addition of a water molecule
addition of a water molecule; removal of a water molecule
hydrolysis; removal of a water molecule - ansremoval of a water molecule; addition of a
water molecule
Predict how many molecules of water are needed to COMPLETELY breakdown a polymer
consisting of five monomers.
two
three
four
five
six - ansfour
Hydrophilic molecules
are readily soluble in fat.
do not mix with water.
are water-soluble.
can only have polar regions but cannot have a full electrical charge.
have no attraction for water molecules. - ansare water-soluble.
Fill in the blanks: The polarity of water molecules results in _______ bonds between water
molecules, and make a water molecule stick to any molecules with _______ bonds or
_________ regions.
ionic; polar covalent; charged
nonpolar; nonpolar covalent; charged
hydrogen; polar covalent; charged
hydrogen; nonpolar covalent; charged
polar covalent; hydrophilic; hydrophobic - anshydrogen; polar covalent; charged
In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are
-completely transferred from one atom to the other.
-loosely held between the two atoms forming the bond.
-tightly held by one of the atoms forming the bond.
-equally attracted by both atoms forming the bond.
-equally shared between the two atoms forming the bond. - anstightly held by one of the
atoms forming the bond.
An example for a nonpolar covalent bond is
the C-H bond.
the O-H bond.
the C=O bond.
the bond between Na+ and Cl-.
the bond that forms between two different water molecules. - ansthe C-H bond.
Predict with which partner an oxygen atom (O) will most likely form a nonpolar covalent
bond.
-with a hydrogen (H) atom
-with a carbon (C) atom
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
The four major classes of lifes large biological molecules do NOT include
nucleic acids.
amino acids.
proteins.
lipids.
polysaccharides. - ansamino acids
Lifes large molecules all share the following properties except
a complex three-dimensional structure.
being quick and easy to assemble.
being quick and easy to break down.
being based mainly on oxygen.
being constructed from small building blocks. - ansbeing based mainly on oxygen
All large biological molecules are based on
-carbon atoms because carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and
can thus form large, complex structures.
-carbon atoms because C-H bonds are nonpolar.
-oxygen atoms because oxygen has a strong attraction for electrons.
-oxygen atoms because the O-H bond is polar and thus allows for hydrogen bonds to form
that can contribute to the formation of large conglomerates. - anscarbon atoms because
carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and can thus form large,
complex structures.
Which of the three options below correctly describe the advantages of constructing lifes large
molecules from small building blocks. Option 1: A no-longer-needed molecule can be broken
down and a different one constructed from the same building blocks. Option 2: A great
variety of large molecules can be constructed from a small number of building blocks. Option
3: An animal can eat a plant, break down the plants large molecules to its building blocks and
use these to construct its own large molecules.
Options 1, 2, and 3
Only option 1 and 2
Only option 1
Only option 2
Only option 3 - ansOptions 1, 2, and 3
Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats?
lard
beef fat
olive oil
butter
a fat that is solid at room temperature - ansolive oil
Four of the five options below finish the sentence in a way that results in a true statement.
Find the one that results in a false statement. A fatty acid tail contains lots and lots of
C-C bonds
C-H bonds
bonds with tightly held electrons
,EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
bonds with loosely held electrons
energy - ansbonds with tightly held electrons
What causes kinks in fatty acids?
C=C double bonds
C-H bonds
C=O double bonds
C-C bonds
O-H bonds - ansC=C double bonds
What is the total number of H atoms (white balls) in the saturated (C18:0) fatty acid and the
monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1), respectively, depicted in our lecture PPT.
-The saturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms
-The saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms
-Both fatty acids have 34 H atoms
-Both fatty acids have 36 H atoms - ansThe saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the
monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms
A polyunsaturated fatty acid with four C=C bonds has how many hydrogen atoms compared
to a saturated fatty acid with the same number of carbon atoms?
While the number of C=C bonds is different, the number of H atoms is the same.
8 less
8 more
4 less
4 more - ans8 less
What results from the removal of hydrogen atoms from the fatty acid tails of saturated fat?
-An increase in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
-A decrease in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
-The fat becomes more solid.
-A decrease in the number of bends, or kinks, in the fatty acid tails.
-Burning of the fat with fewer hydrogen atoms will release more energy. - ansAn increase in
the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
Four of the five features below are characteristics of C-H bonds. Which option below is not.
nonpolar
high chemical potential energy
relatively low stability
low chemical potential energy
can be burned to carbon dioxide and water - anslow chemical potential energy
The burning of natural gas (methane) releases energy because
-methane contains tightly held electrons.
-carbon dioxide and water contain loosely held electrons.
bonds with loosely held electrons are converted to bonds with tightly held electrons.
-polar covalent bonds are converted to nonpolar covalent bonds.
-C=O and O-H bonds are converted to C-H bonds. - ansbonds with loosely held electrons are
converted to bonds with tightly held electrons.
,EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
Of the following fats, each with 18 carbon atoms in each of their fatty acid chains, which has
the LOWEST energy content? A fat with
-three monounsaturated fatty acids.
-one saturated fatty acid plus two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 3 C=C bonds.
-one polyunsaturated fatty acid with 3 C=C bonds plus two monounsaturated fatty acids.
-one monounsaturated fatty acid and two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 2 C=C bonds.
- ansone saturated fatty acid plus two polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with 3 C=C bonds.
Which of the following fats, each with the same total number of carbon atoms, has the
highest energy content?
a fat composed of saturated fatty acids
a fat composed of monounsaturated fatty acids
a fat composed of fatty acids with 2 double bonds each
a fat composed of fatty acids with 3 double bonds each - ansa fat composed of saturated fatty
acids
How many glycerol molecules does a triglyceride contain?
none
one
two
three
four - ansone
True or False? Judging from the structure of a fat, one should expect lots of hydrogen bonds
between the fatty acid chains.
True
False - ansFalse
Four of the five statements below correctly describe the features of a polyunsaturated fatty
acid. Find the one statement that is NOT true for a polyunsaturated fatty acid.
-It is fluid at room temperature.
-It has two or more kinks.
-It has two or more C=C bonds.
-It has more C-H bonds than a monounsaturated fatty acid with the same number of C atoms.
-It has a lower energy content than a saturated fatty acid with the same number of C atoms. -
ansIt has more C-H bonds than a monounsaturated fatty acid with the same number of C
atoms.
Which of the following statements best summarizes the relationship between dehydration
synthesis and hydrolysis?
-Dehydration synthesis creates polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers.
-Dehydration synthesis breaks down monomers and hydrolysis creates polymers.
-Polymer breakdown occurs by water removal and polymer synthesis occurs by water
addition.
-Dehydration synthesis breaks down polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers. -
ansDehydration synthesis creates polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers.
Fill in the blanks: All of lifes large molecules are synthesized by __________ and broken
down by __________.
, EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology
Latest Updated Exam Study Guide
100% Certified By Expert
hydrolysis; dehydration
removal of a water molecule; addition of a water molecule
addition of a water molecule; removal of a water molecule
hydrolysis; removal of a water molecule - ansremoval of a water molecule; addition of a
water molecule
Predict how many molecules of water are needed to COMPLETELY breakdown a polymer
consisting of five monomers.
two
three
four
five
six - ansfour
Hydrophilic molecules
are readily soluble in fat.
do not mix with water.
are water-soluble.
can only have polar regions but cannot have a full electrical charge.
have no attraction for water molecules. - ansare water-soluble.
Fill in the blanks: The polarity of water molecules results in _______ bonds between water
molecules, and make a water molecule stick to any molecules with _______ bonds or
_________ regions.
ionic; polar covalent; charged
nonpolar; nonpolar covalent; charged
hydrogen; polar covalent; charged
hydrogen; nonpolar covalent; charged
polar covalent; hydrophilic; hydrophobic - anshydrogen; polar covalent; charged
In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are
-completely transferred from one atom to the other.
-loosely held between the two atoms forming the bond.
-tightly held by one of the atoms forming the bond.
-equally attracted by both atoms forming the bond.
-equally shared between the two atoms forming the bond. - anstightly held by one of the
atoms forming the bond.
An example for a nonpolar covalent bond is
the C-H bond.
the O-H bond.
the C=O bond.
the bond between Na+ and Cl-.
the bond that forms between two different water molecules. - ansthe C-H bond.
Predict with which partner an oxygen atom (O) will most likely form a nonpolar covalent
bond.
-with a hydrogen (H) atom
-with a carbon (C) atom
