JacquelynL.Banasik-ISBN:9780323761550
,Chapter01:IntroductiontoPathophysiology
Banasik:Pathophysiology,7thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. C.Q.wasrecentlyexposedtogroupAhemolyticStreptococcusandsubsequentlydevelopeda
pharyngealinfection.Hisclinicexaminationrevealsanoraltemperatureof102.3F, skinrash,dysphagia,and
b
reddenedthroatmucosawithmultiplepustules.Hecomplainsof sorethroat,malaise,andjoint stiffness.
AthroatcultureispositiveforStreptococcus,andantibioticshavebeenprescribed.
TheetiologyofC.Q.’sdisease is
a. asorethroat.
b. streptococcalinfection.
c. geneticsusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:B
Etiologyreferstotheproposedcauseorcausesofaparticulardiseaseprocess.Asorethroatisthe
manifestationofthediseaseprocess.Geneticsusceptibilityreferstoinheritedtendencytodevelopa disease.
Pharyngitisreferstoinflammationofthethroatandisalsoaclinicalmanifestationofthedisease process.
2. Anobesebutotherwisehealthyteenisgivenaprescriptionforalow-caloriedietandexercise
program. This is anexampleof
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:B
Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthediseasesuchasprescribing diet
andexerciseforanindividualwhohasalreadydevelopedobesity.
Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptsto alleviate disability
andrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthediseaseonceit has
developed.
,3. A 17-year-oldcollege-boundstudentreceivesavaccineagainstanorganismthatcauses
b
meningitis. This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:A
Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individualsbyprovidingvaccination.Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening, and
managementofthedisease.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareand
attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagement of
the disease once it has developed.
4. A patientwithhighbloodpressurewhoisotherwisehealthyiscounseledtorestrictsodium
b
intake.This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:B
Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease,suchasbyprescribing
sodiumrestrictionforhighbloodpressure.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyaltering susceptibilityor
reducingexposureforsusceptibleindividuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeand supportivecareand
attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning. Diseasetreatment involvesmanagementofthe
diseaseonceithas developed.
, 5. Aftersuffering aheartattack,amiddle-agedmaniscounseledtotakeacholesterol-lowering
b
medication. This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:C
Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptstoalleviatedisabilityand
restoreeffective functioning suchas prescribing acholesterol-lowering
medicationfollowingaheartattack.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibility
orreducingexpUosuSrefNorsTusceptibOleindividuals.Secondarypreventionisthe
earlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthe
diseaseonce it hasdeveloped.
6. A patienthasbeenexposedtomeningococcalmeningitis,but isnotyetdemonstratingsignsof this
b
disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:B
Incubationreferstotheintervalbetweenexposureofatissuetoaninjuriousagentandthefirst appearanceof
signsandsymptoms.Ininfectiousdiseases,thisperiodisoftencalledtheincubation(latent) period.Prodromal
referstotheappearanceofthefirstsigns andsymptoms indicatingthe onset of a disease.Theseareoften
nonspecific,suchasheadache,malaise,anorexia,andnausea,whichare associated with a number of different
diseases.
Sequelareferstosubsequentpathologicconditionresultingfromadisease.Convalescenceisthestageof
recovery after a disease, injury, or surgicaloperation.
7. A diseasethatisnativetoaparticularregioniscalled
b
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
,Chapter01:IntroductiontoPathophysiology
Banasik:Pathophysiology,7thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. C.Q.wasrecentlyexposedtogroupAhemolyticStreptococcusandsubsequentlydevelopeda
pharyngealinfection.Hisclinicexaminationrevealsanoraltemperatureof102.3F, skinrash,dysphagia,and
b
reddenedthroatmucosawithmultiplepustules.Hecomplainsof sorethroat,malaise,andjoint stiffness.
AthroatcultureispositiveforStreptococcus,andantibioticshavebeenprescribed.
TheetiologyofC.Q.’sdisease is
a. asorethroat.
b. streptococcalinfection.
c. geneticsusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:B
Etiologyreferstotheproposedcauseorcausesofaparticulardiseaseprocess.Asorethroatisthe
manifestationofthediseaseprocess.Geneticsusceptibilityreferstoinheritedtendencytodevelopa disease.
Pharyngitisreferstoinflammationofthethroatandisalsoaclinicalmanifestationofthedisease process.
2. Anobesebutotherwisehealthyteenisgivenaprescriptionforalow-caloriedietandexercise
program. This is anexampleof
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:B
Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthediseasesuchasprescribing diet
andexerciseforanindividualwhohasalreadydevelopedobesity.
Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptsto alleviate disability
andrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthediseaseonceit has
developed.
,3. A 17-year-oldcollege-boundstudentreceivesavaccineagainstanorganismthatcauses
b
meningitis. This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:A
Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individualsbyprovidingvaccination.Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening, and
managementofthedisease.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareand
attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagement of
the disease once it has developed.
4. A patientwithhighbloodpressurewhoisotherwisehealthyiscounseledtorestrictsodium
b
intake.This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:B
Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease,suchasbyprescribing
sodiumrestrictionforhighbloodpressure.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyaltering susceptibilityor
reducingexposureforsusceptibleindividuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeand supportivecareand
attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning. Diseasetreatment involvesmanagementofthe
diseaseonceithas developed.
, 5. Aftersuffering aheartattack,amiddle-agedmaniscounseledtotakeacholesterol-lowering
b
medication. This is anexample of
a. primaryprevention.
b. secondaryprevention.
c. tertiaryprevention.
d. diseasetreatment.
ANS:C
Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptstoalleviatedisabilityand
restoreeffective functioning suchas prescribing acholesterol-lowering
medicationfollowingaheartattack.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibility
orreducingexpUosuSrefNorsTusceptibOleindividuals.Secondarypreventionisthe
earlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthe
diseaseonce it hasdeveloped.
6. A patienthasbeenexposedtomeningococcalmeningitis,but isnotyetdemonstratingsignsof this
b
disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:B
Incubationreferstotheintervalbetweenexposureofatissuetoaninjuriousagentandthefirst appearanceof
signsandsymptoms.Ininfectiousdiseases,thisperiodisoftencalledtheincubation(latent) period.Prodromal
referstotheappearanceofthefirstsigns andsymptoms indicatingthe onset of a disease.Theseareoften
nonspecific,suchasheadache,malaise,anorexia,andnausea,whichare associated with a number of different
diseases.
Sequelareferstosubsequentpathologicconditionresultingfromadisease.Convalescenceisthestageof
recovery after a disease, injury, or surgicaloperation.
7. A diseasethatisnativetoaparticularregioniscalled
b
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
