Level 4 Aviation Exam Reported Questions Well Answered.

thin airfoils - correct answer used on aircrafts designed to fly fast thick airfoils - correct answer used on aircrafts destined to fly slowly camber - correct answer the curvature of an airfoil chord - correct answer the width of a wing conventional airfoils - correct answer thickest at 25% of the chord and can be found in a variety of shapes and designs laminar flow airfoils - correct answer thickest point at 50% of the chord, reduces drag by maintaining the laminar flow of air throughout a greater percentage of the chord aspect ratio - correct answer calculated by dividing the span by the average chord; wing with high ratio generates more lift with less drag than a wing with the same area and a low ratio; high ratio wings are found on gliders angle of incidence - correct answer the angle at which the wing is permanently inclined to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft, affecting flight visibility, takeoff and landing characteristics, and drag in level flight wash out - correct answer decreasing the angle of incidence at the wing tip wash in - correct answer increasing the angle of incidence at the wing tip wing tip vortices - correct answer induced drag can be reduces by limiting the formation of wing tip vortices wing tip design - correct answer lowering wing tip vortices by preventing air from spilling over the wing tip by modifying the wing tips: installing wing tip fuel tanks, using wing tip plates or winglets and drooping the wing tips slats - correct answer auxiliary airfoils that automatically move out in front of the leading edge at high angles of attack are know as slats; moving devices slots - correct answer affect the airflow in the same way as slats, except they are built into the wing; slots can be either full or partial span pitot static system - correct answer instruments connected to the pitot static system work on air pressure pitot pressure - correct answer increase in air pressure caused by the forward motion of the aircraft though the air static pressure - correct answer atmospheric pressure outside the aircraft, not affected by turbulence or motion airspeed indicator (ASI) - correct answer the ASI is connected to both the pitot pressure source and static pressure port and displays the difference between the two pressures as the speed of the aircraft moving through the air (not over the ground) ASI markings - correct answer red: indicates the never-exceed speed; yellow, green and white density error - correct answer ASI is calibrated for sea level pressure of 29.92 inches of mercury at 15 degrees celsius. Temperature and pressure decrease with increase in altitude, decreasing density of air and causing the ASI to read less than true airspeed position error - correct answer results from the position of the pitot pressure sources; eddies formed by air moving over the aircraft and the angle of the pitot source to the airflow cause position error lag error - correct answer result of friction between the parts of instrument; this error is responsible for delay between change in airspeed and the change being shown on the instrument icing error - correct answer caused by ice blockage of pitot pressure; can be prevented by turning on the pitot heat (if equipped) or descending to a lower altitude where the outside air temperature is higher water error - correct answer water in system causes higher or lower than normal readings and may block the system completely; avoided by covering the pitot source when the aircraft is parked indicated airspeed (IAS) - correct answer uncorrected airspeed read from instrument dial calibrated airspeed (CAS) - correct answer indicated airspeed corrected for instrument and installation error equivalent airspeed (EAS) - correct answer calibrated airspeed corrected for compressibility factor; significant to aircraft operating above 10,000 feet and 250 knots true airspeed (TAS) - correct answer the calibrated or equivalent airspeeds corrected for density altimeter - correct answer the altimeter is connected only to the static pressure port and measures the pressure of the outside air abnormally high pressure - correct answer cold, dry air masses produce barometric pressures excess of 31.00 inches of Hg (the limit setting scale in most altimeters); the actual altitude will be higher than indicated abnormally cold temperature - correct answer altimeters are calibrated for the standard atmosphere: deviation will cause an error; extremely low temperatures may cause 20 percent error, causing the altimeter to read higher than the actual altitude mountain effect error - correct answer increased wind speed through mountain passes or in mountain waves cause localized area of low pressure; temperatures maybe affected, causing error indicated altitude - correct answer altitude displayed on altimeter when set to current barometric pressure. pressure altitude - correct answer altitude displayed on altimeter when set to standard barometric pressure (29.92 in hg). density altitude - correct answer the pressure altitude corrected for temperature. absolute altitude - correct answer actual height above the Earths surface. vertical speed indicator - correct answer connected to static pressure port; rate of change of static pressure is transmitted to the needle to indicate if the altitude is increasing or decreasing; even though VSI will indicate a climb or descent, it may take several seconds before the correct rate of descent is displayed (lag) gyroscope/precession - correct answer precession is the tendency of a rotating body, when a force is applied perpendicular to its plane of rotation, to turn in the direction of its rotation 90 degrees to its axis and take up a new plane of rotation parallel to the force applied mach indicator - correct answer displays the ratio of its airspeed to the local speed of sound; calculated by dividing airspeed by speed of sound; one means that the aircraft is travelling at the speed of sound; the mach indicator measures and correlates static and dynamic pressures parts of a fuel system - correct answer fuel tanks, a fuel selector valve, fuel lines and filters, a strainer, a fuel quantity gauge, a carburetor and fuel primer pressure feed system - correct answer aircraft with low-wing configurations and large aircraft with a large volume of fuel movement use an engine-driven fuel pump to provide the pressure to keep fuel flowing gravity-feed system - correct answer high-wing, low-powered light aircrafts; the bottom of the fuel tank must be high enough to provide pressure for the fuel to travel past the fuel selector to the carburetor. fuel selector valve - correct answer the fuel selector valve is used by the pilot to select the desired fuel tank to draw fuel; the selector valve may also be used to shut off the flow of fuel from the tanks carburetors - correct answer the heat energy in an internal combustion engine is developed from the burning of a mixture of gasoline and air; the carburetor measures the correct quantity of gasoline, vaporizes fuel, mixes it with air in the required proportion and delivers the mixture to the cylinder when the combustion occurs float carburetor - correct answer forward movement of the throttle opens the throttle valve, which increases the fuel and air mixture, and increases the power being produced by the engine propeller systems - correct answer provides the necessary thrust to pull the airplane through the air; engine power rotates the propeller that generates thrust very similar to the manner in which a wing produces lift. The propeller is a rotating airfoil designed to push air backward as it moves forward along a corkscrew (helical) path. It meets the air at an angle of attack as it rotates, producing thrust (lift) and torque (drag).