BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE - EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
exons - Answer-scientists at 32 different international institutions are working to
identify the short sequences of DNA or _______, that are responsible for protein
creation and are likely areas where mutations result - in conditions like blindness and
movement disorders
half - Answer-the notion that offspring are like clones of their parents is wrong
kids inherent _____ of each parents DNA and because of the 60-70 trillion possible
combinations of genes resulting from reproduction -no two people are genetically
alike (except for twins)
natural selection - Answer-the variability of traits is the cornerstone of Darwins theory
of ________, which states that organisms possessing traits that are more conductive
to survival are more likely to pass their genes off to their offspring
rigid
experiences - Answer-the effects of genes aren't ______ or expressed all the time.
they aren't all active at the same time and they may produce more proteins at some
times than at others
they may also become more active during certain ______, such as when an
organism is learning
genes aren't sole dictators of behavior but they give us predisposition for certain
characteristics
fraternal - Answer-comparisons between identical and _________ twins allow
researchers to estimate the percentage of variations in characteristics due to
heredity or heritability
the heritability for intelligence is 50 %
heritability for personality traits is 40-50%
environment - Answer-if half of the variation is due to genetics then the other must
must be due to _______
but, it is important to understand that the more similarity there is between people's
environment the higher the degree of heritability
vulnerability - Answer-scientists argue that genes contribute to out predisposition or
vulnerability for certain traits.
, the genes we inherit may result in a predisposition for a disorder such as
schizophrenia but the disorder will only emerge under the right
circumstances/environmental conditions
neurons - Answer-the human brain consists of 86 billion ________ that carry
messages and underlie our thought, feelings and behaviors
glial cells - Answer-___________ which have a variety of functions and make up the
other half of the cells in the brain
good for support, myelin and clean up
soma - Answer-neurons exist on many forms, but they share similar structures and
function
the ________ or cell body is where the cell's nucleus containing DNA is located as
well as other organelles in the cytoplasm that carry out the functions of the neuron
dendrites - Answer-branching out from the cell body are ______, structures that
receive messages from other cells
axon - Answer-a single tail like structure called the ________ extends away from the
cells body and carries messages to other neurons
lthough they are thin they can be up to 5 meters long
axon terminal - Answer-_______ contains chemical messangers called
neurotransmitters that enable the neuron to communicate with other cells
motor neurons - Answer-______ multipolar and carry information muscles and
organs
nature and nature - Answer-the question of ______ vs _________ asks how
important genes and the environment are in influencing behavior
Hereditry - Answer-evidence is accumulating that many behaviors have a genetic
or/and _____ component
genes - Answer-______ direct cellular processes and transmit inherited
characteristics
they are located on chromosomes which are paired in all cells (except sex cells )
2
1 - Answer-the sex on an individual is determined by the sex chromosomes
females have ___ X chromosomes
males have _____ X chromosomes and 1 Y chromosome
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
exons - Answer-scientists at 32 different international institutions are working to
identify the short sequences of DNA or _______, that are responsible for protein
creation and are likely areas where mutations result - in conditions like blindness and
movement disorders
half - Answer-the notion that offspring are like clones of their parents is wrong
kids inherent _____ of each parents DNA and because of the 60-70 trillion possible
combinations of genes resulting from reproduction -no two people are genetically
alike (except for twins)
natural selection - Answer-the variability of traits is the cornerstone of Darwins theory
of ________, which states that organisms possessing traits that are more conductive
to survival are more likely to pass their genes off to their offspring
rigid
experiences - Answer-the effects of genes aren't ______ or expressed all the time.
they aren't all active at the same time and they may produce more proteins at some
times than at others
they may also become more active during certain ______, such as when an
organism is learning
genes aren't sole dictators of behavior but they give us predisposition for certain
characteristics
fraternal - Answer-comparisons between identical and _________ twins allow
researchers to estimate the percentage of variations in characteristics due to
heredity or heritability
the heritability for intelligence is 50 %
heritability for personality traits is 40-50%
environment - Answer-if half of the variation is due to genetics then the other must
must be due to _______
but, it is important to understand that the more similarity there is between people's
environment the higher the degree of heritability
vulnerability - Answer-scientists argue that genes contribute to out predisposition or
vulnerability for certain traits.
, the genes we inherit may result in a predisposition for a disorder such as
schizophrenia but the disorder will only emerge under the right
circumstances/environmental conditions
neurons - Answer-the human brain consists of 86 billion ________ that carry
messages and underlie our thought, feelings and behaviors
glial cells - Answer-___________ which have a variety of functions and make up the
other half of the cells in the brain
good for support, myelin and clean up
soma - Answer-neurons exist on many forms, but they share similar structures and
function
the ________ or cell body is where the cell's nucleus containing DNA is located as
well as other organelles in the cytoplasm that carry out the functions of the neuron
dendrites - Answer-branching out from the cell body are ______, structures that
receive messages from other cells
axon - Answer-a single tail like structure called the ________ extends away from the
cells body and carries messages to other neurons
lthough they are thin they can be up to 5 meters long
axon terminal - Answer-_______ contains chemical messangers called
neurotransmitters that enable the neuron to communicate with other cells
motor neurons - Answer-______ multipolar and carry information muscles and
organs
nature and nature - Answer-the question of ______ vs _________ asks how
important genes and the environment are in influencing behavior
Hereditry - Answer-evidence is accumulating that many behaviors have a genetic
or/and _____ component
genes - Answer-______ direct cellular processes and transmit inherited
characteristics
they are located on chromosomes which are paired in all cells (except sex cells )
2
1 - Answer-the sex on an individual is determined by the sex chromosomes
females have ___ X chromosomes
males have _____ X chromosomes and 1 Y chromosome
