NURS 507 Final Exam Exam Questions With Verified Answers

NURS 507 Final Exam Exam Questions With Verified Answers 1991 Patient Self Determination Act - ANSWER--Federal -Requires all facilities who are reimbursed by Medicare to --inform all patients of importance of ADs -Does not require patients to actually complete an AD -Facilitates patient autonomy -Maryland: EMS cannot honor an AD or health care proxy....MUST have a completed EMS DNR form or MOLST form (signed by MD, NP, or PA) - both of these forms are voluntary -The MOLST form does not expire, but requires signatures and dates when updated .A state where oral advanced directives are accepted? - ANSWER-Maryland .Advance Directives - ANSWER-~Not Mandatory, but HIGHLY ADVISED~ 1. Allow individuals to provide directions about the kind of medical care they do/do not want should they become unable to make decisions or communicate their wishes 2. Provides guidance for health care professionals and families about decision making that reflects the person's wishes 3. Provides immunity for health care professionals and families from civil and criminal liability when health care professionals follow the advance directive in good faith .ANCC Magnet Recognition Program - ANSWER-5 Model Components 14 Forces of Magnetism .Blueprint for 21st Century Nursing Ethics: Report of the National Nursing Summit (2014) - ANSWER-1. Clinical practice: Create/evaluate tools and guidelines to promote ethical environments and disseminate results 2. Education: Create recs. for preparing faculty to teach ethics effectively 3. Nursing Research: Create metrics for ethics research to identify common outcomes (care quality, clinical outcomes, costs, impact on staff and work environment) 4. Policy: Create criteria to measure and evaluate workplace culture and moral distress .Definition of lateral integration? - ANSWER-Integration of care provided by multiple, interdependent, and independent disciplines across a continuum of a patient admission or experience .examples of dimensions of culture - ANSWER-generation, family dynamics. birth order .Factors that influence ethical decision-making? - ANSWER-*Not made in a vacuum* Examples: *Ethical Code for Nurses *Patients' rights *Social and cultural attitudes *Science and technology *Legislation *Judicial decisions *Personal, religious, philosophic viewpoints .Framework for Ethical Decision Making - ANSWER-1. Identify, clarify ethical problem 2. Gather data 3. Establish problem context 4. Identify options 5. Make a decision 6. Act and assess impact .How does the executive branch implement policy? - ANSWER-By... Implementing laws Proposing legislation Approving or vetoing legislation Promulgating rules and regulations .How does the judicial branch interpret policy? - ANSWER-By... Interpreting constitutional and statutory law Developing a body of case law Preserving rights Resolving disputes .How does the legislative branch formulate policy? - ANSWER-By... Enacting laws Creating and funding health programs Balancing health policy with other policy domains .How to use EBP to improve patient outcomes? - ANSWER-Specific EBP projects Journal clubs Nursing grand rounds Developing or updating policies, procedures Crafting clinical pathways or protocols .HRC: Working for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Equal Rights (2016) (Healthcare Equality Index) - ANSWER-National LGBT benchmarking tool evaluating facility policies and practices related to equity and inclusion for LGBT patients, visitors, and employees. (2060 healthcare facilities nationwide) .IOM: Unequeal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care (2003) - ANSWER-1. Determine the presence and extent of racial/ethnic disparities that could not be attributed to access 2. Evaluate potential sources of disparities including the role of bias, discrimination, and stereotyping at the individual, institutional, and health systems level 3. Provide recommendations regarding interventions to eliminate racial/ethnic disparities .Key word in generalizations - ANSWER-tend .Means doing what is best for patient - ANSWER-beneference .PICOT method for crafting the clinical question? - ANSWER-P = Patient population or disease I = Intervention of interest C = Comparison of intervention O = Outcome T = Time it takes for the intervention .Release of the ANA's revised Code of Ethics for Nurses (2015) - ANSWER-1. Provisions 1-3: Fundamental values and commitments of the nurse 2. Provisions 4-6: Boundaries of duty and loyalty 3. Provisions 7-9: Duties of the nurse that extend beyond individual encounters .Silence kills: 7 most crucial concerns? - ANSWER-Broken rules Mistakes Lack of support Incompetence Poor teamwork Disrespect Micromanagement .Sullivan Commission on Diversity in the Health Care Workforce: Missing Persons: Minorities in Health Professions (2004) - ANSWER-**Implications of not having diverse healthcare workforce** Key Recommendations: 1. Diversity if a key to excellence in health care 2. Leadership commitment and accountability essential for success 3. 3 overarching principles were developed to drive increased diversification in US healthcare workforce *Schools increase diversity of leadership *New and non-traditional paths to health professions *Commitment at highest levels of universities and colleges is essential .Things to remember about patient safety? - ANSWER-- It is NOT about being clinically competent, intent and will. It assumes good intent and will do the right thing - It is about systems that support humans to do what they know how to do well .TJC: Field Guide (2011 - Updated 2014) - ANSWER-Advancing Effective Communication, Cultural Competence, and Patient and Family-Centered Care for the LGBT Community (A Field Guide) .TJC: Hospitals, Language & Culture: A Snapshot of the Nation (2007) - ANSWER-Findings: 1. Challenging to accomplish goal of culturally and linguistically competent care 2. Difficult to find staff with the desired cultural and linguistic competence