BIOS 252 Week 1 Study Guide Questions with verified
answers
Action potential vs graded potential? Ans✓✓✓ An action potential is stimulated
only when a graded potential depolarizes the axolemma to a specific level
How is cardiac muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Short, fat, branched, uninucleated,
striated, attached to intercalated discs
How is skeletal muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Long, thin, cylindrical in shape,
multinucleated, striated, attached via tendons to bones
How is smooth muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Uninucleated, lacks obvious
striations, contain intermediate filaments, connected to one another via gap
junctions
How many steps are in smooth muscle contraction? Ans✓✓✓ 4
Myelinated axons vs demyelinated axons? Ans✓✓✓ Demyelinated axon
conduction velocities range from about 0.5 to 10 m/s, myelinated axons can
conduct at velocities up to 150 m/s
What are astrocytes? Ans✓✓✓ Most abundant of the glial cells, starlike shaped,
create blood brain barrier, perform secretion of nerve growth factors, promotion
of synapse formation, regulation of composition of tissue fluid
What are contractile proteins? Ans✓✓✓ Actin and myosin
, What are dendrites? Ans✓✓✓ A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along
which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell
body
What are ependymal cells? Ans✓✓✓ Create cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What are in the CNS? Ans✓✓✓ brain and spinal cord
What are in the PNS? Ans✓✓✓ visceral sensory division, somatic sensory
division, visceral motor division, somatic motor division
What are ligand-gated channel? Ans✓✓✓ respond to chemical stimuli, found in
dendrites of sensory neurons; pain receptors, dendrites, and cell bodies of
interneurons and motor neurons
What are mechanically-gated channel? Ans✓✓✓ respond to chemical vibration,
pressure, touch, and stretching stimuli. located in dendrites of some sensory
neurons; touch, pressure, and pain receptors
What are microglial cells? Ans✓✓✓ Have immune responsibilites and are small
macrophages, destroy foreign matter, pathogens, and microorganisms, and dead
nervous tissue
What are muscle fascicles classified as? Ans✓✓✓ Fusiform, parallel, circular,
triangular, pennate, unipennate, bipennate, multipennate
What are oligodendrocytes? Ans✓✓✓ Create the myelin sheath in the CNS
answers
Action potential vs graded potential? Ans✓✓✓ An action potential is stimulated
only when a graded potential depolarizes the axolemma to a specific level
How is cardiac muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Short, fat, branched, uninucleated,
striated, attached to intercalated discs
How is skeletal muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Long, thin, cylindrical in shape,
multinucleated, striated, attached via tendons to bones
How is smooth muscle identified? Ans✓✓✓ Uninucleated, lacks obvious
striations, contain intermediate filaments, connected to one another via gap
junctions
How many steps are in smooth muscle contraction? Ans✓✓✓ 4
Myelinated axons vs demyelinated axons? Ans✓✓✓ Demyelinated axon
conduction velocities range from about 0.5 to 10 m/s, myelinated axons can
conduct at velocities up to 150 m/s
What are astrocytes? Ans✓✓✓ Most abundant of the glial cells, starlike shaped,
create blood brain barrier, perform secretion of nerve growth factors, promotion
of synapse formation, regulation of composition of tissue fluid
What are contractile proteins? Ans✓✓✓ Actin and myosin
, What are dendrites? Ans✓✓✓ A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along
which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell
body
What are ependymal cells? Ans✓✓✓ Create cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What are in the CNS? Ans✓✓✓ brain and spinal cord
What are in the PNS? Ans✓✓✓ visceral sensory division, somatic sensory
division, visceral motor division, somatic motor division
What are ligand-gated channel? Ans✓✓✓ respond to chemical stimuli, found in
dendrites of sensory neurons; pain receptors, dendrites, and cell bodies of
interneurons and motor neurons
What are mechanically-gated channel? Ans✓✓✓ respond to chemical vibration,
pressure, touch, and stretching stimuli. located in dendrites of some sensory
neurons; touch, pressure, and pain receptors
What are microglial cells? Ans✓✓✓ Have immune responsibilites and are small
macrophages, destroy foreign matter, pathogens, and microorganisms, and dead
nervous tissue
What are muscle fascicles classified as? Ans✓✓✓ Fusiform, parallel, circular,
triangular, pennate, unipennate, bipennate, multipennate
What are oligodendrocytes? Ans✓✓✓ Create the myelin sheath in the CNS
