2025/2026 Exam WITH COMPLETE
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1. Discuss the differences between "flush cuts" and proper cuts made to
outer portions of branch collar. How do "flush cuts" affect growth? -
ANSWER A proper cut leaves the branch bark ridge, branch collar, and
swollen collar in tact. It enables the cut to close in a circular fashion.
Flush cuts remove it and opens the tree to decay by removing dead wood
which branch defense zones form.
2. What is chlorosis in a tree and how is it treated? - ANSWER The
yellowing of leaves can be treated with Manganese.
3. Why is it recommended to use a block when lowering a heavy limb?
- ANSWER To carry the load and reduce injury to a crotch from a
climber's line.
4. Describe how to cut down a large limb. - ANSWER Place the rigging
point above the work, tie the limb at the butt, then cut and lower the limb
to the ground.
5. What other activities can a climbing rope be used for? - ANSWER
To secure a climber to the tree for use of 2-hands, to swing, and for
rescue.
6. Explain thinning cut and describe how they will affect the tree. -
ANSWER It is removing the branch back to the lateral branch, large
,enough to assume terminal role. It opens the tree, reduces weight,
reduces height, and retains its shape.
7. Discuss Shingo's theory of walling off infections in trees called
CODIT (Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees). - ANSWER 1) Trees
are highly compartmentalized.
2) If the tree is wounded, it will heal itself by walling itself off from
injury.
8. How will pruning a tree at time of transplanting affect tree growth? -
ANSWER It decreases root growth. You should avoid pruning except
for broken or damaged limbs.
9. Are there advantages of pruning a tree at planting time? - ANSWER
No
10. What is the major objective in crown cleaning? - ANSWER It
removes dead, diseased, and dying crowded or wealdy attached limbs
from the crown. the objective is to correct small growth problems before
they get big growth problems.
11. Name five methods used to apply fertilization to trees. - ANSWER
Broadcasting, drill hole, injection, foliar application, and implants
12. Are wound dressings or paint recommended after making pruning
cuts? Why? - ANSWER No, studies show it does no good.
13. What is the purpose of crown restoration? - ANSWER Improves
structure and appearance of improperly pruned or storm-damaged trees
by encouraging new growth.
14. List 3 ways cavities are started in trees. - ANSWER Insects,
lightning, and wounds.
, 15. What is the definition of a tree? - ANSWER A woody perennial
with one or several trunks which grow higher than 12-15 ft in height.
16. List five species of trees to plant under a power line. - ANSWER
Crape myrtle, chaste tree, red bud, silver bell, dogwood.
17. If you want to fertilize a tree by broadcasting 4 lbs. of actual
nitrogen and want to use 16-4-8 fertilizer, how often would you apply it
18. over 1000 sq. ft. in one year? - ANSWER 1 lb. of Nitrogen / .16 (N
in fertilizer) = 6.25 lbs per 1,000 ft.
6.25 lbs of Fertilizer x 4 lbs of N = 25 lbs of Fertilizer annually.
6.25 lbs. of 16-4-8 fertilizer should be applied 4 times a year.
19. List the most important pieces of safety equipment when using a
chainsaw. - ANSWER Safety glasses, earplugs, face shield, hard hat, leg
protection, and boots.
20. List the major parts of a tree and their function. - ANSWER Leaves
- photosynthesis, transpiration.
Trunk/Stems - conduct, support, storage.
Roots - anchorage, absorbing, storage, conduction.
Flowers - reproduction.
Fruit-ripened seed, pistil
21. What is the most critical time after transplanting a tree and why? -
ANSWER The 1st year to focus on root establishment.
22. What are the benefits of mulching a young tree? - ANSWER To
conserve moisture, reduce competition from weeds and grass, improve
soil structure, and aesthetic value.
23. List 3 benefits of mulch. - ANSWER 1) Retains moisture.
2) Reduces weeds.
3) Insulates roots.