Examl 1:l NSG223/l NSGl 223l (NEWl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Medical-Surgicall Nursingl IIl
Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Herzing
QUESTION
Healthl acquiredl infectionsl vial leadl wirel cablesl
Answer:
Avoidl byl usingl disposablel leadl wirel cablesl orl cleanl cablesl andl equipmentl cleanl perl
policy.l Electrodesl shouldl neverl bel placedl overl incision,l implantedl device,l openl wound,l
orl inflamedl skin
QUESTION
Removingl electrodesl
Answer:
Removel whenl monitoringl isl completel andl cleansel skinl tol removel excessl gell adhesive.l
Metall containingl electrodesl mustl bel removedl beforel sendingl ptl tol magneticl resonancel
scansl ofl angiography
QUESTION
Maintainingl tellel equipmentl
Answer:
Neverl submergel inl water,l avoidl droppingl (mayl break)l byl attachingl securelyl tol ptl
clothing.
QUESTION
Coronaryl arteriesl dilationl ratel
,Answer:
4xl usuall diameterl inl responsel tol increasedl oxygenl andl nutrientl needs.l Coronaryl arteriesl
wl atherosclerosisl dilatel less,l compromisingl bloodl flowl tol myocardiuml andl causingl
ischemia
QUESTION
Stressl testsl
Answer:
Exercise,l pharmacologicl andl radio-nucleotidel imagingl studies.l Noninvasivel waysl tol
evaluatel ifl therel isl myocardiall ischemial andl higherl myocardiall oxygenl requirement.l
Cardiacl imagingl isl performedl duringl restl abdominall afterl test.l Staffl andl equipmentl
mustl bel presentl tol providel treatment/support
QUESTION
Exercisel Stressl Testl
Answer:
Ptl walks,l runsl orl pedalsl onl bikel orl treadmill.l Exercisel intensityl variesl basedl onl ptl agel
andl heartl ratel goal.
QUESTION
Exercisel stressl testl monitorsl
Answer:
2l orl morel ECGl leadsl forl HR,l rhythm,l andl ischemicl changes.l BP,l skinl temp,l physicall
appearance,l perceivedl exertion,l andl symptoms;l chestl pain,l dyspnea,l dizziness,l legl
crampingl andl fatigue.
QUESTION
Whenl tol stopl exercisel stressl testl
Answer:
Targetl HRl isl achievedl orl ptl experiencedl signsl ofl myocardiall ischemia;l chestl pain,l
ventricularl arrhythmia,l ST-segmentl depression,l andl lackl ofl HRl orl BPl elevation
,QUESTION
exercisel stressl testl prepl
Answer:
Comfortablel shoes/clothing,l nol caffeine,l nol tobacco/smoking,l nol cardiacl meds,l nol foodl
forl 4l hrs
chestl painl duringl thatl test:l ptl reportl painl tol technician,l stop
test
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl Stressl Testingl
Answer:
Vasodilatingl agentsl givenl tol mimicl exercisel vial IV.l Maximallyl dilatingl coronaryl arteriesl
andl identifyingl thosel whol can't.l Forl thosel whol arel cognitivelyl impaired,l unablel tol
followl directions,l orl physicallyl disabled.
QUESTION
Pharml stressl testl drugsl
Answer:
dipyridamole,l adenosine,l regadenoson,l orl dobutamine
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl stressl testingl sidel effectsl
Answer:
Chestl pain,l headache,l nausea,l flushing,l heartl blockl andl dyspnea.l Canl bel reveredl wl IVl
aminophylline
QUESTION
Dobutaminel
Answer:
Pharml stressl testl med;l sympathomimeticl agentl thatl ^HR,l myocardiall contractility,l andl
BP.l Medl ofl choicel whenl echocardiographyl isl usedl duel tol effectl onl alteringl myocardiall
, walll motionl (enhancedl contractility).l Alsol usedl inl ptsl wl bronchospamsl orl pulmonaryl
diseasel andl can'tl toleratel withholdingl theophylline
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl stressl testl prepl
Answer:
NPOl forl atl leastl 3l hoursl beforel test,l refrainl froml chocolatel orl caffeinel (canl bel inl
meds)l forl 24l hours,l ptsl takingl aminophylline,l theophylline,l orl dipyridamolel arel tol
refrainl 24-48l hoursl before,l ifl tolerated.l Informl ptl ofl sensationl froml vasodilatingl agent;l
flushingl orl nausea,l informl orl tol reportl occurrencel ofl otherl symptoms,l andl testl mayl
takel 1-3l hoursl dependingl onl ifl imagingl isl performed.
QUESTION
Radionuclidel imagingl
Answer:
Noninvasivel testl thatl usesl radioisotopesl tol evaluatel coronaryl arteryl perfusion,l detectl
myocardiall ischemial andl infarction,l and/orl assessl leftl ventricularl function.
QUESTION
Radioisotopesl
Answer:
"Tracers"l unstablel atomsl thatl givel offl smalll amountsl ofl energyl inl thel forml ofl gammal
raysl asl theyl decay.l Inl bloodstream,l thel energyl emittedl canl bel detectedl byl al gammal
scintillationl camera.
QUESTION
myocardiall perfusionl imagingl (MPI)l
Answer:
Noninvasivel imagingl testl usingl al radioactivel tracerl inl conjunctionl withl al stressl testl tol
showl howl welll bloodl flowsl throughl (perfuses)l thel heartl musclel atl restl andl duringl
exercise.l Evaluatesl extentl ofl myocardiall damagel asl welll asl seeingl ifl myocardiall
ischemial froml CADl isl causel ofl chestl painl orl otherl CADl symptoms
2026l Update)l Medical-Surgicall Nursingl IIl
Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Herzing
QUESTION
Healthl acquiredl infectionsl vial leadl wirel cablesl
Answer:
Avoidl byl usingl disposablel leadl wirel cablesl orl cleanl cablesl andl equipmentl cleanl perl
policy.l Electrodesl shouldl neverl bel placedl overl incision,l implantedl device,l openl wound,l
orl inflamedl skin
QUESTION
Removingl electrodesl
Answer:
Removel whenl monitoringl isl completel andl cleansel skinl tol removel excessl gell adhesive.l
Metall containingl electrodesl mustl bel removedl beforel sendingl ptl tol magneticl resonancel
scansl ofl angiography
QUESTION
Maintainingl tellel equipmentl
Answer:
Neverl submergel inl water,l avoidl droppingl (mayl break)l byl attachingl securelyl tol ptl
clothing.
QUESTION
Coronaryl arteriesl dilationl ratel
,Answer:
4xl usuall diameterl inl responsel tol increasedl oxygenl andl nutrientl needs.l Coronaryl arteriesl
wl atherosclerosisl dilatel less,l compromisingl bloodl flowl tol myocardiuml andl causingl
ischemia
QUESTION
Stressl testsl
Answer:
Exercise,l pharmacologicl andl radio-nucleotidel imagingl studies.l Noninvasivel waysl tol
evaluatel ifl therel isl myocardiall ischemial andl higherl myocardiall oxygenl requirement.l
Cardiacl imagingl isl performedl duringl restl abdominall afterl test.l Staffl andl equipmentl
mustl bel presentl tol providel treatment/support
QUESTION
Exercisel Stressl Testl
Answer:
Ptl walks,l runsl orl pedalsl onl bikel orl treadmill.l Exercisel intensityl variesl basedl onl ptl agel
andl heartl ratel goal.
QUESTION
Exercisel stressl testl monitorsl
Answer:
2l orl morel ECGl leadsl forl HR,l rhythm,l andl ischemicl changes.l BP,l skinl temp,l physicall
appearance,l perceivedl exertion,l andl symptoms;l chestl pain,l dyspnea,l dizziness,l legl
crampingl andl fatigue.
QUESTION
Whenl tol stopl exercisel stressl testl
Answer:
Targetl HRl isl achievedl orl ptl experiencedl signsl ofl myocardiall ischemia;l chestl pain,l
ventricularl arrhythmia,l ST-segmentl depression,l andl lackl ofl HRl orl BPl elevation
,QUESTION
exercisel stressl testl prepl
Answer:
Comfortablel shoes/clothing,l nol caffeine,l nol tobacco/smoking,l nol cardiacl meds,l nol foodl
forl 4l hrs
chestl painl duringl thatl test:l ptl reportl painl tol technician,l stop
test
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl Stressl Testingl
Answer:
Vasodilatingl agentsl givenl tol mimicl exercisel vial IV.l Maximallyl dilatingl coronaryl arteriesl
andl identifyingl thosel whol can't.l Forl thosel whol arel cognitivelyl impaired,l unablel tol
followl directions,l orl physicallyl disabled.
QUESTION
Pharml stressl testl drugsl
Answer:
dipyridamole,l adenosine,l regadenoson,l orl dobutamine
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl stressl testingl sidel effectsl
Answer:
Chestl pain,l headache,l nausea,l flushing,l heartl blockl andl dyspnea.l Canl bel reveredl wl IVl
aminophylline
QUESTION
Dobutaminel
Answer:
Pharml stressl testl med;l sympathomimeticl agentl thatl ^HR,l myocardiall contractility,l andl
BP.l Medl ofl choicel whenl echocardiographyl isl usedl duel tol effectl onl alteringl myocardiall
, walll motionl (enhancedl contractility).l Alsol usedl inl ptsl wl bronchospamsl orl pulmonaryl
diseasel andl can'tl toleratel withholdingl theophylline
QUESTION
Pharmacologicl stressl testl prepl
Answer:
NPOl forl atl leastl 3l hoursl beforel test,l refrainl froml chocolatel orl caffeinel (canl bel inl
meds)l forl 24l hours,l ptsl takingl aminophylline,l theophylline,l orl dipyridamolel arel tol
refrainl 24-48l hoursl before,l ifl tolerated.l Informl ptl ofl sensationl froml vasodilatingl agent;l
flushingl orl nausea,l informl orl tol reportl occurrencel ofl otherl symptoms,l andl testl mayl
takel 1-3l hoursl dependingl onl ifl imagingl isl performed.
QUESTION
Radionuclidel imagingl
Answer:
Noninvasivel testl thatl usesl radioisotopesl tol evaluatel coronaryl arteryl perfusion,l detectl
myocardiall ischemial andl infarction,l and/orl assessl leftl ventricularl function.
QUESTION
Radioisotopesl
Answer:
"Tracers"l unstablel atomsl thatl givel offl smalll amountsl ofl energyl inl thel forml ofl gammal
raysl asl theyl decay.l Inl bloodstream,l thel energyl emittedl canl bel detectedl byl al gammal
scintillationl camera.
QUESTION
myocardiall perfusionl imagingl (MPI)l
Answer:
Noninvasivel imagingl testl usingl al radioactivel tracerl inl conjunctionl withl al stressl testl tol
showl howl welll bloodl flowsl throughl (perfuses)l thel heartl musclel atl restl andl duringl
exercise.l Evaluatesl extentl ofl myocardiall damagel asl welll asl seeingl ifl myocardiall
ischemial froml CADl isl causel ofl chestl painl orl otherl CADl symptoms
