Cardiovascular & Respiratory
Physiology Exam Questions and
Answers
Cardiovascular - ANSWER-Refers to the heart and the blood vessels
Cardiopulmonary - ANSWER-Refers to the heart and lungs
Cardiovascular disease - ANSWER-Refers to diseases of the heart and blood vessels,
including heart attack, stroke, and hypertension
Cardiovascular fitness - ANSWER-The combined abilities of the cardiovascular and
pulmonary systems to provide adequate oxygen to large and small muscle groups while
they engage in continuous, rhythmic exercise for extended periods of time
Heart rate - ANSWER-The number of times the heart beats per min
Approx. how many times does the heart beat in a day? - ANSWER-100,000
Heart rate reserve - ANSWER-The difference between the maximum heart rate and the
resting heart rate
Stroke volumes - ANSWER-The AMOUNT of blood pumped from the heart (left
ventricle) during a single contraction
Cardiac output - ANSWER-The total amount of blood pumped from the heart per minute
Ejection fraction - ANSWER-The PERCENTAGE of blood pumped from the heart during
a single contraction
Pulse - ANSWER-The throbbing sensation in the blood vessels caused by the
contraction of the heart
Blood pressure - ANSWER-The force of the blood against the blood vessels
Systolic blood pressure - ANSWER-The highest blood pressure level that occurs when
the heart is contracting
Diastolic blood pressure - ANSWER-The lowest blood pressure that occurs when the
heart is resting between beats
, Blood Pressure(BP)= - ANSWER-SBP/DBP
Hypertension - ANSWER-Blood pressure levels chronically higher than 140 systolic /
and or 90 diastolic
Contractility - ANSWER-The electrical impulse that stimulates the heart to contract and
relax
Electrocardiogram - ANSWER-A measure of the electrical activity of the heart
Respiratory system - ANSWER-The lungs, air passages, and respiratory muscles;
supplies oxygen to the heart and carries off carbon dioxide.
Alvioli - ANSWER-Tiny air sacs in the lungs through whose walls gases such as oxygen
and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of the blood.
Pulmonary circulation - ANSWER-The part of the circulatory system that moves blood
between the heart and the lungs; controlled by the right side of the heart.
Systemic circulation - ANSWER-The part of the circulatory system that moves blood
between the heart and the rest of the body; controlled by the left side of the heart.
Glucose - ANSWER-A simple sugar that circulates in the blood and can be used by
cells to fuel ATP production
Glycogyen - ANSWER-A complex carbohydrates stored principally in the liver and
skeletal muscles; the major fuel source during most forms of intense exercise.
Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) - ANSWER-Energy source for cellular processes
Aerobic - ANSWER-the production of energy with exercising muscles with the use of
oxygen
Anerobic - ANSWER-the production of energy within exercising muscle without the use
of oxygen
Immediate Energy System - ANSWER-energy system that supplies energy to muscle
cells through the breakdown of cellular stores of ATP and creatine phosphate
Nonoxidative (Anaerobic) Energy System - ANSWER-energy system that supplies
energy to muscle cells through the breakdown of muscle stores of glucose and
glucogen: also called the anaerobic system or lactic acid system because chemical
reactions take place without oxygen and produce lactic acid
Physiology Exam Questions and
Answers
Cardiovascular - ANSWER-Refers to the heart and the blood vessels
Cardiopulmonary - ANSWER-Refers to the heart and lungs
Cardiovascular disease - ANSWER-Refers to diseases of the heart and blood vessels,
including heart attack, stroke, and hypertension
Cardiovascular fitness - ANSWER-The combined abilities of the cardiovascular and
pulmonary systems to provide adequate oxygen to large and small muscle groups while
they engage in continuous, rhythmic exercise for extended periods of time
Heart rate - ANSWER-The number of times the heart beats per min
Approx. how many times does the heart beat in a day? - ANSWER-100,000
Heart rate reserve - ANSWER-The difference between the maximum heart rate and the
resting heart rate
Stroke volumes - ANSWER-The AMOUNT of blood pumped from the heart (left
ventricle) during a single contraction
Cardiac output - ANSWER-The total amount of blood pumped from the heart per minute
Ejection fraction - ANSWER-The PERCENTAGE of blood pumped from the heart during
a single contraction
Pulse - ANSWER-The throbbing sensation in the blood vessels caused by the
contraction of the heart
Blood pressure - ANSWER-The force of the blood against the blood vessels
Systolic blood pressure - ANSWER-The highest blood pressure level that occurs when
the heart is contracting
Diastolic blood pressure - ANSWER-The lowest blood pressure that occurs when the
heart is resting between beats
, Blood Pressure(BP)= - ANSWER-SBP/DBP
Hypertension - ANSWER-Blood pressure levels chronically higher than 140 systolic /
and or 90 diastolic
Contractility - ANSWER-The electrical impulse that stimulates the heart to contract and
relax
Electrocardiogram - ANSWER-A measure of the electrical activity of the heart
Respiratory system - ANSWER-The lungs, air passages, and respiratory muscles;
supplies oxygen to the heart and carries off carbon dioxide.
Alvioli - ANSWER-Tiny air sacs in the lungs through whose walls gases such as oxygen
and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of the blood.
Pulmonary circulation - ANSWER-The part of the circulatory system that moves blood
between the heart and the lungs; controlled by the right side of the heart.
Systemic circulation - ANSWER-The part of the circulatory system that moves blood
between the heart and the rest of the body; controlled by the left side of the heart.
Glucose - ANSWER-A simple sugar that circulates in the blood and can be used by
cells to fuel ATP production
Glycogyen - ANSWER-A complex carbohydrates stored principally in the liver and
skeletal muscles; the major fuel source during most forms of intense exercise.
Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) - ANSWER-Energy source for cellular processes
Aerobic - ANSWER-the production of energy with exercising muscles with the use of
oxygen
Anerobic - ANSWER-the production of energy within exercising muscle without the use
of oxygen
Immediate Energy System - ANSWER-energy system that supplies energy to muscle
cells through the breakdown of cellular stores of ATP and creatine phosphate
Nonoxidative (Anaerobic) Energy System - ANSWER-energy system that supplies
energy to muscle cells through the breakdown of muscle stores of glucose and
glucogen: also called the anaerobic system or lactic acid system because chemical
reactions take place without oxygen and produce lactic acid
