Test 1: Module 1+2 medsurge Questions With Complete
Solutions
Definition of ethics
standards of conduct, particularly right and wrong behavior
morals
judgement about behavior, based on specific beliefs
values
personal beliefs about the worth of a given idea, custom or
object
bioethics
the study of ethics within the field of health care
autonomy
independence; self-government
justice
fairness
fidelity
keeping promises
beneficence
actively seeking benefits, promotion of good
Nonmaleficence
do no harm
,Your pt is about to undergo a controversial orthopedic
procedure. The procedure may cause periods of pain. Although
nurses agree to do no harm, this procedure may be the pts only
treatment option. This example describes the ethical principle of
nonmaleficence
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
If a nurse decides to withhold a medication because it might
further lower a patient's blood pressure, the nurse will be
practicing the principle of
autonomy
Deontology
defines actions as right or wrong based on principles such as
truth and justice
utilitarianism
the greatest good for the greatest number of people
virtue ethics
focus is on the character of an individual
feminist ethics
Asks how ethical decisions will affect women as a way to repair
a history of inequality
ethics of care
,addresses issues beyond individual relationships
casuistry (case based reasoning)
Focuses on an intimate understanding of particular situations
steps to process an ethical dillemma
1. ask if its an ethical dilemma
2. gather all info
3. clarify values
4. state the problem clearly
5. consider possible courses of action
6. negotiate the outcome
7. evaluate the action
adverse event
Unintended harm by an act of commission or omission rather
than as a result of disease process
near miss
Error of commission or omission that could have harmed a
patient, but harm did not occur as a result of chance
sentinel event
unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
A patient presents at the emergency department and is found to
have a closed fracture of the humerus. Which description is
consistent with this type of fracture?
The skin remains intact.
The skin is broken while the bone is exposed.
, The line of the fracture extends across the bone shaft.
The line of the fracture extends in a twisting direction
The skin remains intact.
In closed fractures, the bone breaks but the skin remains intact.
Place the stages of bone healing in the order they would occur in
a patient after a femur fracture.
-The callus hardens over the site.
-A hematoma develops over the two ends of the femur.
-Excess bone tissue is resorbed.
-White blood cells rid the area of damaged tissue.
-The bone fragments begin to move closer together.
-The body covers the bone fragments with cartilage, osteoblasts,
calcium, and phosphorus.
1. a hematoma develops over the two ends of the bone
2. White blood cells travel to the area and remove damaged
tissue.
3. The body then covers the bone fragments with cartilage,
osteoblasts, calcium, and phosphorus
4. callus forms hardening over the site
5. The bone fragments then begin to move closer together
6. excess bone tissue is resorbed
Which conditions can increase the risk for fractures?
Diabetes
Bone cyst
Hypertension
Solutions
Definition of ethics
standards of conduct, particularly right and wrong behavior
morals
judgement about behavior, based on specific beliefs
values
personal beliefs about the worth of a given idea, custom or
object
bioethics
the study of ethics within the field of health care
autonomy
independence; self-government
justice
fairness
fidelity
keeping promises
beneficence
actively seeking benefits, promotion of good
Nonmaleficence
do no harm
,Your pt is about to undergo a controversial orthopedic
procedure. The procedure may cause periods of pain. Although
nurses agree to do no harm, this procedure may be the pts only
treatment option. This example describes the ethical principle of
nonmaleficence
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
If a nurse decides to withhold a medication because it might
further lower a patient's blood pressure, the nurse will be
practicing the principle of
autonomy
Deontology
defines actions as right or wrong based on principles such as
truth and justice
utilitarianism
the greatest good for the greatest number of people
virtue ethics
focus is on the character of an individual
feminist ethics
Asks how ethical decisions will affect women as a way to repair
a history of inequality
ethics of care
,addresses issues beyond individual relationships
casuistry (case based reasoning)
Focuses on an intimate understanding of particular situations
steps to process an ethical dillemma
1. ask if its an ethical dilemma
2. gather all info
3. clarify values
4. state the problem clearly
5. consider possible courses of action
6. negotiate the outcome
7. evaluate the action
adverse event
Unintended harm by an act of commission or omission rather
than as a result of disease process
near miss
Error of commission or omission that could have harmed a
patient, but harm did not occur as a result of chance
sentinel event
unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
A patient presents at the emergency department and is found to
have a closed fracture of the humerus. Which description is
consistent with this type of fracture?
The skin remains intact.
The skin is broken while the bone is exposed.
, The line of the fracture extends across the bone shaft.
The line of the fracture extends in a twisting direction
The skin remains intact.
In closed fractures, the bone breaks but the skin remains intact.
Place the stages of bone healing in the order they would occur in
a patient after a femur fracture.
-The callus hardens over the site.
-A hematoma develops over the two ends of the femur.
-Excess bone tissue is resorbed.
-White blood cells rid the area of damaged tissue.
-The bone fragments begin to move closer together.
-The body covers the bone fragments with cartilage, osteoblasts,
calcium, and phosphorus.
1. a hematoma develops over the two ends of the bone
2. White blood cells travel to the area and remove damaged
tissue.
3. The body then covers the bone fragments with cartilage,
osteoblasts, calcium, and phosphorus
4. callus forms hardening over the site
5. The bone fragments then begin to move closer together
6. excess bone tissue is resorbed
Which conditions can increase the risk for fractures?
Diabetes
Bone cyst
Hypertension
