BSNC 1000-PERFUSION WITH ERROR FREE SOLUTIONS.

Radius - ANSWER Biggest affect on blood flow through a vessel

Activation of Sympathetic NS - ANSWER - Decreases vessel diameter
- Increases CO
- Increases TPR

Perfusion - ANSWER The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells
and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.

Arterial System - ANSWER Distributes blood and regulates pressure

Capillary beds - ANSWER Transfer of materials between circulation and tissues

Venous System - ANSWER Returns blood to heart volume reservoir

Scope of Perfusion - ANSWER Optimal - Impaired - No Perfusion

Ischemia (cell injury) - ANSWER Impaired perfusion

Infarction (cell death) - ANSWER No Perfusion

Blood Pressure - ANSWER Force of blood against the walls of blood vessels

Systolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during systole
- ventricles contract

Diastolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during diastole
- ventricles relax

Pulse Pressure - ANSWER Systole - Diastole (normal = 40-45 mmHg)

MAP = - ANSWER CO x TPR

MAP ≈ - ANSWER Diastolic Pressure - 1/3(Partial Pressure)

Blood Volume Influenced By: - ANSWER -sodium ingestion and excretion
-renin/aldosterone

Vasoconstriction Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS

, - Kidney renin/angiotensin
- Adrenal medulla hormones

Cardiac Output Influenced By: - ANSWER - BPM
- Volume of blood

Peripheral Resistance Influenced By: - ANSWER - Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Local Factors (pH, hypoxia)
- Sympathetic stimulation of smooth muscle of vessel walls
- Blood viscosity
- Vessel radius

Vasodilation Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS
- Kidney: vasodilators
- Hormonal factors

Peripheral Resistance - ANSWER Force that must be overcome to push blood
through the circulatory system

Blood Viscosity Decreases Because: - ANSWER - Anemia: Load that the heart
works against is lower so TPR decreases
- Hypoproteinemia: Plasma proteins go down so blood is thinner so TPR decreases

What influences blood flow? - ANSWER - Viscosity of blood (Increase = decrease
in flow)
- Velocity of blood
- Vessel Radius
- Vessel Elasticity

What influences Viscocity? - ANSWER - RBCs
- Hydration
- Proteins

What is the vessel radius mostly controlled by? - ANSWER Sympathetic NS

What controls do the regulation of BP and flow involve? - ANSWER - Local
- Neural
- Hormonal