MED/SURG Final NCLEX questions
A 27-year-old female patient presents to the ICU after a severe thoracic burn injury. She
presents with the following vitals: BP of 90/67, HR of 135, temperature of 100.1, and
respiratory rate of 24. She is unconscious, unresponsive, and has purpura present on
both lower calves. It's suspected this patient is experiencing DIC as a result of
hypovolemic shock. Which of the orders should the nurse QUESTION from the
physician?
A. IV bolus of NS 0.9%
B. Administer STAT order of RBC's
C. 500 units of IV heparin
D. Administer STAT oral anticoagulants - ✔️✔️D. Administer STAT oral anticoagulants
A patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus presents to the healthcare
provider for a routine checkup. A urinalysis is completed and has noted proteinuria and
hematuria. Which of the following diagnostic studies could be performed to confirm a
diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis? (select all that apply)
A. MRI
B. Ultrasound
C. Renal Biopsy
D. CT Scan
E. EKG - ✔️✔️B. Ultrasound
C. Renal Biopsy
D. CT Scan
. A patient who was recently diagnosed with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
was just educated on the importance of nutrition and what foods to avoid. What
statement made by the patient, indicates the need for further teaching?
a. " I will avoid foods like French fries and citrus juices to decrease my chances of acid
reflux and heart burn"
b. "I will continue to drink 2 cups of coffee each morning when I wake up, to make sure I
have enough energy for the day"
c. " I need to find another dessert I can eat each night before bed, because the
chocolate ice cream I eat every night will exacerbate my Gastroesophageal Reflux"
d. " I need to drink more room temperature water to make sure my body has help when
properly digesting my meals" - ✔️✔️B. "I will continue to drink 2 cups of coffee each
morning when I wake up, to make sure I have enough energy for the day"
,A 76-year old man with chronic anemia arrives at the Emergency department with
increased fatigue and heart palpitations even at rest. The nurse would expect the
patients' laboratory test findings to include: (Select all that apply)
a. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b. Hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
c. An Red Blood Cell count of 4,500,000/L
d. A ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
e. A White Blood Cell count of 6.5 x 109/L - ✔️✔️A, B, D
a: hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b: hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
d: a ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
A student nurse is explaining the risk factors for metabolic syndrome which statement
by the student would require correction from the nurse?
A. Waist circumference of 41 for a male
B. Body mass index of 30 or higher
C. Triglycerides level of 130
D. Blood Glucose of 168 - ✔️✔️C. Triglycerides level of 130
A 68 year-old male suffering from chronic diarrhea is found to have a serum phosphate
level of 0.9 mg/dL. After reviewing this lab value the nurse can expect the patient to
exhibit which of the following symptoms? (Select all that apply)
A. Confusion
B. Numbness/tingling in extremities
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
E. Dry mucous membranes - ✔️✔️A. Confusion
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
The physician orders an arterial blood gas who is hyperventilating. The nurse can
anticipate that the blood gas results will most likely reveal that the patient is in:
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis - ✔️✔️D. Respiratory alkalosis
Thalassemia is a group of diseases that causes an inadequate amount of normal
hemoglobin to be produced in the body. Thalassemia minor is usually asymptomatic
and requires no treatments. There is no cure for thalassemia major, however, there are
therapies available to help manage the disease. These include:
,A. Blood transfusions
B. Subcutaneous or IV deferoxamine
C. Iron supplements
D. Zinc supplements
E. Splenectomy - ✔️✔️A. Blood transfusions
B. Subcutaneous or IV deferoxamine
D. Zinc supplements
E. Splenectomy
A student nurse is preparing blood for an A Positive patient who needs to receive a
blood transfusion. The nurse intervenes after which statement?
A. " Since you are A positive, you are considered a "universal recipient", therefore you
can receive any type of blood.
B. "A positive blood types can receive A+, A-, O+ and O-"
C. "Testing your blood type helps us determine what type of blood you need. Not all
blood types are the same and can cause a reaction"
D. "Only certain people who meet a certain criteria can donate blood, but if you have
any types of symptoms during transfusion, let a health care staff member know" -
✔️✔️A. " Since you are A positive, you are considered a "universal recipient", therefore
you can receive any type of blood.
A patient has a folic acid deficiency. The nurse tells the patient to order foods
rich in Folic Acid. What foods are best for the patient to look for when ordering
food?
A. Leafy Green Vegetables
B. Citrus Fruits
C.Chicken
D.Dried Beans
E. Hard Candy - ✔️✔️A. Leafy Green Vegetables
B. Citrus Fruits
D. Dried Beans
A patient diagnosed with Stage II bladder cancer has just received a segmental
cystectomy. What will the nurse correct the patient on for postoperative instructions for
discharge?:
A. "I will drink only small amounts of water for the first week."
B. "I will call the doctor if my urine is bright red for the first few days after surgery."
C. "After a week, my urine could have dark red flakes, and that's normal."
D. "I have a follow-up appointment for a cystoscopy in a few weeks." - ✔️✔️A. "I will
drink only small amounts of water for the first week."
, A patient with upper gastrointestinal cancer has been diagnosed with cancer cachexia
which of the following would the nurse expect to see?
A. Weight gain
B. Skeletal muscle atrophy
C. Increase immune function
D. Improvement in metabolic abnormalities - ✔️✔️B. Skeletal muscle atrophy
A female patient has just been diagnosed with external hemorrhoids and asks the nurse
what could have contributed to her diagnoses, which of the following will the nurse
mention as probable risk factors?
A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time - ✔️✔️A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time
The most common cause of cobalamin deficiency is pernicious anemia. Which of the
following patients may develop a cobalamin deficiency? (Select all that apply)
A. A 36-year-old morbidity obese patient that recently had the Roux-en-Y Gastric
Bypass (RYGB) Surgery
B. A 45-year-old male construction working who has a history of smoking two packs of
cigarettes a day
C. A 23-year-old female nurse apprentice who is having a routine colonoscopy
D. A 50-year-old male yoga instructor who is on a strict vegetarian diet
E. A 28-year-old female nursing student taking Pepcid and Omeprazole to control a
Pepcid ulcer for the past three years - ✔️✔️A. A 36-year-old morbidity obese patient
that recently had the Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) Surgery
B. A 45-year-old male construction working who has a history of smoking two packs of
cigarettes a day
D. A 50-year-old male yoga instructor who is on a strict vegetarian diet
E. A 28-year-old female nursing student taking Pepcid and Omeprazole to control a
Pepcid ulcer for the past three years
A 25 year old female patient is diagnosed with viral hepatitis. The provider prescribes
Ribavirin, before administering the nucleoside what test will the nurse give to the
patient?
A 27-year-old female patient presents to the ICU after a severe thoracic burn injury. She
presents with the following vitals: BP of 90/67, HR of 135, temperature of 100.1, and
respiratory rate of 24. She is unconscious, unresponsive, and has purpura present on
both lower calves. It's suspected this patient is experiencing DIC as a result of
hypovolemic shock. Which of the orders should the nurse QUESTION from the
physician?
A. IV bolus of NS 0.9%
B. Administer STAT order of RBC's
C. 500 units of IV heparin
D. Administer STAT oral anticoagulants - ✔️✔️D. Administer STAT oral anticoagulants
A patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus presents to the healthcare
provider for a routine checkup. A urinalysis is completed and has noted proteinuria and
hematuria. Which of the following diagnostic studies could be performed to confirm a
diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis? (select all that apply)
A. MRI
B. Ultrasound
C. Renal Biopsy
D. CT Scan
E. EKG - ✔️✔️B. Ultrasound
C. Renal Biopsy
D. CT Scan
. A patient who was recently diagnosed with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
was just educated on the importance of nutrition and what foods to avoid. What
statement made by the patient, indicates the need for further teaching?
a. " I will avoid foods like French fries and citrus juices to decrease my chances of acid
reflux and heart burn"
b. "I will continue to drink 2 cups of coffee each morning when I wake up, to make sure I
have enough energy for the day"
c. " I need to find another dessert I can eat each night before bed, because the
chocolate ice cream I eat every night will exacerbate my Gastroesophageal Reflux"
d. " I need to drink more room temperature water to make sure my body has help when
properly digesting my meals" - ✔️✔️B. "I will continue to drink 2 cups of coffee each
morning when I wake up, to make sure I have enough energy for the day"
,A 76-year old man with chronic anemia arrives at the Emergency department with
increased fatigue and heart palpitations even at rest. The nurse would expect the
patients' laboratory test findings to include: (Select all that apply)
a. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b. Hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
c. An Red Blood Cell count of 4,500,000/L
d. A ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
e. A White Blood Cell count of 6.5 x 109/L - ✔️✔️A, B, D
a: hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b: hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
d: a ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
A student nurse is explaining the risk factors for metabolic syndrome which statement
by the student would require correction from the nurse?
A. Waist circumference of 41 for a male
B. Body mass index of 30 or higher
C. Triglycerides level of 130
D. Blood Glucose of 168 - ✔️✔️C. Triglycerides level of 130
A 68 year-old male suffering from chronic diarrhea is found to have a serum phosphate
level of 0.9 mg/dL. After reviewing this lab value the nurse can expect the patient to
exhibit which of the following symptoms? (Select all that apply)
A. Confusion
B. Numbness/tingling in extremities
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
E. Dry mucous membranes - ✔️✔️A. Confusion
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
The physician orders an arterial blood gas who is hyperventilating. The nurse can
anticipate that the blood gas results will most likely reveal that the patient is in:
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis - ✔️✔️D. Respiratory alkalosis
Thalassemia is a group of diseases that causes an inadequate amount of normal
hemoglobin to be produced in the body. Thalassemia minor is usually asymptomatic
and requires no treatments. There is no cure for thalassemia major, however, there are
therapies available to help manage the disease. These include:
,A. Blood transfusions
B. Subcutaneous or IV deferoxamine
C. Iron supplements
D. Zinc supplements
E. Splenectomy - ✔️✔️A. Blood transfusions
B. Subcutaneous or IV deferoxamine
D. Zinc supplements
E. Splenectomy
A student nurse is preparing blood for an A Positive patient who needs to receive a
blood transfusion. The nurse intervenes after which statement?
A. " Since you are A positive, you are considered a "universal recipient", therefore you
can receive any type of blood.
B. "A positive blood types can receive A+, A-, O+ and O-"
C. "Testing your blood type helps us determine what type of blood you need. Not all
blood types are the same and can cause a reaction"
D. "Only certain people who meet a certain criteria can donate blood, but if you have
any types of symptoms during transfusion, let a health care staff member know" -
✔️✔️A. " Since you are A positive, you are considered a "universal recipient", therefore
you can receive any type of blood.
A patient has a folic acid deficiency. The nurse tells the patient to order foods
rich in Folic Acid. What foods are best for the patient to look for when ordering
food?
A. Leafy Green Vegetables
B. Citrus Fruits
C.Chicken
D.Dried Beans
E. Hard Candy - ✔️✔️A. Leafy Green Vegetables
B. Citrus Fruits
D. Dried Beans
A patient diagnosed with Stage II bladder cancer has just received a segmental
cystectomy. What will the nurse correct the patient on for postoperative instructions for
discharge?:
A. "I will drink only small amounts of water for the first week."
B. "I will call the doctor if my urine is bright red for the first few days after surgery."
C. "After a week, my urine could have dark red flakes, and that's normal."
D. "I have a follow-up appointment for a cystoscopy in a few weeks." - ✔️✔️A. "I will
drink only small amounts of water for the first week."
, A patient with upper gastrointestinal cancer has been diagnosed with cancer cachexia
which of the following would the nurse expect to see?
A. Weight gain
B. Skeletal muscle atrophy
C. Increase immune function
D. Improvement in metabolic abnormalities - ✔️✔️B. Skeletal muscle atrophy
A female patient has just been diagnosed with external hemorrhoids and asks the nurse
what could have contributed to her diagnoses, which of the following will the nurse
mention as probable risk factors?
A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time - ✔️✔️A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time
The most common cause of cobalamin deficiency is pernicious anemia. Which of the
following patients may develop a cobalamin deficiency? (Select all that apply)
A. A 36-year-old morbidity obese patient that recently had the Roux-en-Y Gastric
Bypass (RYGB) Surgery
B. A 45-year-old male construction working who has a history of smoking two packs of
cigarettes a day
C. A 23-year-old female nurse apprentice who is having a routine colonoscopy
D. A 50-year-old male yoga instructor who is on a strict vegetarian diet
E. A 28-year-old female nursing student taking Pepcid and Omeprazole to control a
Pepcid ulcer for the past three years - ✔️✔️A. A 36-year-old morbidity obese patient
that recently had the Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) Surgery
B. A 45-year-old male construction working who has a history of smoking two packs of
cigarettes a day
D. A 50-year-old male yoga instructor who is on a strict vegetarian diet
E. A 28-year-old female nursing student taking Pepcid and Omeprazole to control a
Pepcid ulcer for the past three years
A 25 year old female patient is diagnosed with viral hepatitis. The provider prescribes
Ribavirin, before administering the nucleoside what test will the nurse give to the
patient?
