ConceptsnofnGenetics,n10en(Klug/Cummings/Spencer/Palladino)n
Chaptern1 IntroductionntonGenetics
1) Whatnisnthennamenofnthencompanynorninstitutionnthatnhasnaccessntonthenhealth,ngenealogical,nandng
eneticninformationnofnapproximatelyn270,000nresidentsnofnIceland?
A) NationalnInstitutesnofnHealth
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericannCancernSocietyn
Answer: B
Section: Introduction
2) Anbiotechnologyncompany,ndeCODE,nisninnthenprocessnofncreatingnandatabasenthatncontains
.
A) thengenensequencesnofnallnnewbornsninnthenUnitednStatesnbeginningninn2006
B) ancompilationnofnallnthenknownngenesninnhumansnthroughoutnthenfreenworld
C) health,ngenealogical,nandngeneticninformationnofnapproximatelyn270,000nresidentsnofnIceland
D) ancompletensequencenofnthenhumanngenome
E) allntheninformationnavailablenonnthenhumanngenomenprojectn
Answer: C
Section: Introduction
3) WhyndidndeCODEnselectnIcelandnfornitsnambitiousnresearchnproject?
A) anrelativelynlowndegreenofngeneticndiversity
B) frequentnandnextensivenmutationalnbursts
C) highngeneticndiversity
D) lacknofngenealogicalninformation
E) virtualnabsencenofnmutationn
Answer: A
Section: Introduction
4) ThengeneticnmaterialnDNAnconsistsnofnbasicnsubunitsncalledn .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) Nonenofnthenanswersnlistednisncorrect.n
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
1
,5) Thenimmediatenproductnofntranscriptionnisn .
A) anphospholipid
B) annaminonacid
C) anprotein
D) ancarbohydrate
E) RNA
Answer:
nEn
Section: 1.3
6) Innmanynspecies,ntherenarentwonrepresentativesnofneachnchromosome.nInnsuchnspecies,nthenchar
acteristicnnumbernofnchromosomesnisncallednthen
nnumber.nItnisnusuallynsymbolizednasn .
A) haploid;nn
B) haploid;n2n
C) diploid;n2n
D) diploid;nn
E) Nonenofnthenanswersnlistednisncorrect.n
Answer: C
Section: 1.2
7) Geneticsnisnthenstudynofn .
A) hereditynandnvariation
B) mutationnandnrecession
C) transcriptionnandntranslation
D) diploidnandnhaploid
E) replicationnandnrecombinationn
Answer: A
Section: 1.2
8) Earlyninnthentwentiethncentury,nWalternSuttonnandnTheodorenBoverinnotednthatnthenbehaviornofnch
romosomesnduringnmeiosisnisnidenticalntonthenbehaviornofngenesnduringngametenformation.nTheynpro
posednthatngenesnarencarriednonnchromosomes,nwhichnledntonthenbasisnofnthen
.nAnswer:
ChromosomenTheorynofnInheritance
Section: 1.2
9) Whatnisnanmutation?
Answer:
nAnmutationnisnanninheritednchangeninnangene.n
Section: 1.2
10) Whatnisnansimplendefinitionnofnannallele?nAn
swer:
nAnnallelenisnanvariantnformnofnangene.nSection
: 1.2
2
,11) Untilnthenmid-
1940s,nmanynscientistsnconsiderednproteinsntonbenthenlikelyncandidatesnfornthengeneticnmaterial.n
Why?
Answer:
Proteinsnarenthenmostnabundant,nuniversallyndistributedncomponentsninncells.nBecausen
ofntheirngreatnstructuralnandnfunctionalndiversity,ntheynwerenconsiderednlikelyncandidates.
Section: 1.2
12) Namenthenindividualnwho,nwhilenworkingnwithnthengardennpeaninnthenmid-
1850s,ndemonstratednquantitativenpatternsnofnhereditynandndevelopednantheoryninvolvingnthenbeha
viornofnhereditarynfactors.
Answer:
nGregornMendel
nSection: 1.2
13) Whatndoesnthentermngeneticsnmean?
Answer:
Geneticsnisnansubdisciplinenofnbiologynconcernednwithnthenstudynofnhereditynandn
variationnatnthenmolecular,ncellular,ndevelopmental,norganismal,nandnpopulationalnlevels.
Section: 1.2
14) Namenthensubstancenthatnservesnasnthenhereditarynmaterialninneukaryotesnandnprokaryotes.n
Answer: DNAnorndeoxyribonucleicnacid
Section: 1.2
15) Namentwonindividualsnwhonprovidednthenconceptualnbasisnfornournpresentnunderstandingnthatn
genesnarenonnchromosomes.
Answer:
nWalternSuttonnandnTheodorenBoverin
Section: 1.2
16) Whatntermnisnusedntondescribenthenfactnthatndifferentngenesninnannorganismnoftennprovidend
ifferencesninnobservablenfeatures?
Answer:
nphenotype
nSection: 1.2
17) AnfundamentalnpropertynofnDNA'snnitrogenousnbasesnthatnisnnecessarynfornthen
double-strandednnaturenofnitsnstructurenisn .
Answer:
ncomplementarityn
Section: 1.3
18) RecombinantnDNAntechnologynisndependentnonnanparticularnclassnofnenzymes,nknownnas
,nthatncutnDNAnatnspecificnnucleotidensequences.n
Answer: restrictionnenzymes
Section: 1.4
3
, 19) Namenthenbotanistnwho,ninn1900,nrediscoverednthenworknofnGregornMendel.n
Answer: CarlnCorrens
Section: 1.2
4
Chaptern1 IntroductionntonGenetics
1) Whatnisnthennamenofnthencompanynorninstitutionnthatnhasnaccessntonthenhealth,ngenealogical,nandng
eneticninformationnofnapproximatelyn270,000nresidentsnofnIceland?
A) NationalnInstitutesnofnHealth
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericannCancernSocietyn
Answer: B
Section: Introduction
2) Anbiotechnologyncompany,ndeCODE,nisninnthenprocessnofncreatingnandatabasenthatncontains
.
A) thengenensequencesnofnallnnewbornsninnthenUnitednStatesnbeginningninn2006
B) ancompilationnofnallnthenknownngenesninnhumansnthroughoutnthenfreenworld
C) health,ngenealogical,nandngeneticninformationnofnapproximatelyn270,000nresidentsnofnIceland
D) ancompletensequencenofnthenhumanngenome
E) allntheninformationnavailablenonnthenhumanngenomenprojectn
Answer: C
Section: Introduction
3) WhyndidndeCODEnselectnIcelandnfornitsnambitiousnresearchnproject?
A) anrelativelynlowndegreenofngeneticndiversity
B) frequentnandnextensivenmutationalnbursts
C) highngeneticndiversity
D) lacknofngenealogicalninformation
E) virtualnabsencenofnmutationn
Answer: A
Section: Introduction
4) ThengeneticnmaterialnDNAnconsistsnofnbasicnsubunitsncalledn .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) Nonenofnthenanswersnlistednisncorrect.n
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
1
,5) Thenimmediatenproductnofntranscriptionnisn .
A) anphospholipid
B) annaminonacid
C) anprotein
D) ancarbohydrate
E) RNA
Answer:
nEn
Section: 1.3
6) Innmanynspecies,ntherenarentwonrepresentativesnofneachnchromosome.nInnsuchnspecies,nthenchar
acteristicnnumbernofnchromosomesnisncallednthen
nnumber.nItnisnusuallynsymbolizednasn .
A) haploid;nn
B) haploid;n2n
C) diploid;n2n
D) diploid;nn
E) Nonenofnthenanswersnlistednisncorrect.n
Answer: C
Section: 1.2
7) Geneticsnisnthenstudynofn .
A) hereditynandnvariation
B) mutationnandnrecession
C) transcriptionnandntranslation
D) diploidnandnhaploid
E) replicationnandnrecombinationn
Answer: A
Section: 1.2
8) Earlyninnthentwentiethncentury,nWalternSuttonnandnTheodorenBoverinnotednthatnthenbehaviornofnch
romosomesnduringnmeiosisnisnidenticalntonthenbehaviornofngenesnduringngametenformation.nTheynpro
posednthatngenesnarencarriednonnchromosomes,nwhichnledntonthenbasisnofnthen
.nAnswer:
ChromosomenTheorynofnInheritance
Section: 1.2
9) Whatnisnanmutation?
Answer:
nAnmutationnisnanninheritednchangeninnangene.n
Section: 1.2
10) Whatnisnansimplendefinitionnofnannallele?nAn
swer:
nAnnallelenisnanvariantnformnofnangene.nSection
: 1.2
2
,11) Untilnthenmid-
1940s,nmanynscientistsnconsiderednproteinsntonbenthenlikelyncandidatesnfornthengeneticnmaterial.n
Why?
Answer:
Proteinsnarenthenmostnabundant,nuniversallyndistributedncomponentsninncells.nBecausen
ofntheirngreatnstructuralnandnfunctionalndiversity,ntheynwerenconsiderednlikelyncandidates.
Section: 1.2
12) Namenthenindividualnwho,nwhilenworkingnwithnthengardennpeaninnthenmid-
1850s,ndemonstratednquantitativenpatternsnofnhereditynandndevelopednantheoryninvolvingnthenbeha
viornofnhereditarynfactors.
Answer:
nGregornMendel
nSection: 1.2
13) Whatndoesnthentermngeneticsnmean?
Answer:
Geneticsnisnansubdisciplinenofnbiologynconcernednwithnthenstudynofnhereditynandn
variationnatnthenmolecular,ncellular,ndevelopmental,norganismal,nandnpopulationalnlevels.
Section: 1.2
14) Namenthensubstancenthatnservesnasnthenhereditarynmaterialninneukaryotesnandnprokaryotes.n
Answer: DNAnorndeoxyribonucleicnacid
Section: 1.2
15) Namentwonindividualsnwhonprovidednthenconceptualnbasisnfornournpresentnunderstandingnthatn
genesnarenonnchromosomes.
Answer:
nWalternSuttonnandnTheodorenBoverin
Section: 1.2
16) Whatntermnisnusedntondescribenthenfactnthatndifferentngenesninnannorganismnoftennprovidend
ifferencesninnobservablenfeatures?
Answer:
nphenotype
nSection: 1.2
17) AnfundamentalnpropertynofnDNA'snnitrogenousnbasesnthatnisnnecessarynfornthen
double-strandednnaturenofnitsnstructurenisn .
Answer:
ncomplementarityn
Section: 1.3
18) RecombinantnDNAntechnologynisndependentnonnanparticularnclassnofnenzymes,nknownnas
,nthatncutnDNAnatnspecificnnucleotidensequences.n
Answer: restrictionnenzymes
Section: 1.4
3
, 19) Namenthenbotanistnwho,ninn1900,nrediscoverednthenworknofnGregornMendel.n
Answer: CarlnCorrens
Section: 1.2
4
