COMLEX LEVEL 1 2025 EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL ANSWERS GRADED A
+[BRAND NEW].
MOA: Paxlitaxal - ANSWERS-Microtubule inhibitor
Stabilizes polymerized microtubules. prevent completion of
mitosis by preventing breakdown of the mitotic spindle
MOA + Use: Oxandrolone - ANSWERS-MOA: Anabolic-
Androgenic steroid
Use: Treatment of severe burns
ADE: Testicular atrophy
MOA: Sirolimus - ANSWERS-mTOR inhibitor
-binds FKBP to inhibit mTOR
inhibits proliferation of T cells in response to IL2
MOA of tacrolimus - ANSWERS-Calcineurin inhibitor via binding
with intracellular FKBP-12 protein which
impairs IL-2
use: transplant rejection
MOA: Danazol - ANSWERS-Synthetic steroid
Decreases production of LH and FSH
What is the most common cause of death in patients with
Polycystic Kidney Disease? - ANSWERS-Cardiac disease
,Elevation of which hormone can confirm menopause in women of
appropriate age? - ANSWERS-FSH
What are the positive immunohistochemical stains for
leiomyosarcoma? - ANSWERS-Desmin
Vimentin
H-Caldesmon
Actin
Which renal pathology is associated with Broad, waxy casts? -
ANSWERS-Advanced Chronic renal failure
What drug is commonly used for Neuropathic pain? - ANSWERS-
Amitriptyline (TCA)
ADE of note: strong muscarinic blocking properties = urinary
retention and tachycardia
Location of high risk HPV strain infections - ANSWERS-basal
layer of the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix
MOA of acyclovir - ANSWERS-Competitively inhibits DNA
polymerase, chain termination occurs
tx for genital herpes
Describe histological appearance of leydig cell tumor -
ANSWERS-large polygonal cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and
Reinke Crystals (found in the interstitum of the testes) = rod
shaped intracytoplasmic crystal inclusions with rounded ends
What is the first line treatment for gonorrhea? - ANSWERS-
Ceftriaxone
,** remember to treat for this and chlamydia ( add azithromycin or
doxycycline)
Where do you see Anti--microsomal antibodies? - ANSWERS-
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
What are the signs and symptoms associated with Paget's
disease of the breast? - ANSWERS-crusting, eczema like
reaction, fissures around the areola
associated with an invasive DUCTAL carcinoma
MOA of tamoxifen? - ANSWERS-Antagonist at breast
agonist at bone, uterus
ADE: increased risk thromboembolic events (esp with smoking)
and endometrial cancer
leiomyoma - ANSWERS-AKA FIBROIDS
benign tumor of smooth muscle commonly found in the uterus
If symptomatic: menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, dyspaurenia. can
cause pregnancy loss
What is associated with lesions of the trochlear nerve? -
ANSWERS-Lesions of the trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) result
in dysfunction of the superior oblique muscle and an inability to
depress the eye, leading to diplopia when the patient tries to look
downward.
What results from a lesion to the Amygdala?
Describe location - ANSWERS-Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
, Location: medial temporal lobe anterior to the hippocampus near
the lateral ventricle
What results due to a lesion of the hippocampus? - ANSWERS-
Anterograde amnesia
Large choroid plexus papilloma filling the 3rd ventricle will impact
which brain region? - ANSWERS-Hypothalamus
Responsible for thermoregulation and feeding behavior
Describe Amaurosis Fugax - ANSWERS-acute and painless onset
of monocular visual loss with a normal funduscopic examination in
the background of atherosclerosis.
Cause: hypoperfusion of optic nerve, retina, or both
MOA: TPA - ANSWERS-degradation of fibrin through conversion
of plasminogen to plasmin
Describe: Orthostatic Syncope - ANSWERS-s/s: stands up and
feels lightheaded. insufficiant ability to maintain CO
Dx: Positive orthostatic vital signs:
SBP drop of ≥20 mmHg, DBP ≥10 mmHg, increased HR ≥10/min
when going from supine to standing
Describe oligodendrogliomas - ANSWERS-Oligodendrogliomas
are most commonly located in the frontal lobes
Histo: rounded cells with perinuclear halos giving them a "fried
egg" appearance. They also have the presence of finely
branching capillaries, which looks like "chicken wire."
QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL ANSWERS GRADED A
+[BRAND NEW].
MOA: Paxlitaxal - ANSWERS-Microtubule inhibitor
Stabilizes polymerized microtubules. prevent completion of
mitosis by preventing breakdown of the mitotic spindle
MOA + Use: Oxandrolone - ANSWERS-MOA: Anabolic-
Androgenic steroid
Use: Treatment of severe burns
ADE: Testicular atrophy
MOA: Sirolimus - ANSWERS-mTOR inhibitor
-binds FKBP to inhibit mTOR
inhibits proliferation of T cells in response to IL2
MOA of tacrolimus - ANSWERS-Calcineurin inhibitor via binding
with intracellular FKBP-12 protein which
impairs IL-2
use: transplant rejection
MOA: Danazol - ANSWERS-Synthetic steroid
Decreases production of LH and FSH
What is the most common cause of death in patients with
Polycystic Kidney Disease? - ANSWERS-Cardiac disease
,Elevation of which hormone can confirm menopause in women of
appropriate age? - ANSWERS-FSH
What are the positive immunohistochemical stains for
leiomyosarcoma? - ANSWERS-Desmin
Vimentin
H-Caldesmon
Actin
Which renal pathology is associated with Broad, waxy casts? -
ANSWERS-Advanced Chronic renal failure
What drug is commonly used for Neuropathic pain? - ANSWERS-
Amitriptyline (TCA)
ADE of note: strong muscarinic blocking properties = urinary
retention and tachycardia
Location of high risk HPV strain infections - ANSWERS-basal
layer of the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix
MOA of acyclovir - ANSWERS-Competitively inhibits DNA
polymerase, chain termination occurs
tx for genital herpes
Describe histological appearance of leydig cell tumor -
ANSWERS-large polygonal cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and
Reinke Crystals (found in the interstitum of the testes) = rod
shaped intracytoplasmic crystal inclusions with rounded ends
What is the first line treatment for gonorrhea? - ANSWERS-
Ceftriaxone
,** remember to treat for this and chlamydia ( add azithromycin or
doxycycline)
Where do you see Anti--microsomal antibodies? - ANSWERS-
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
What are the signs and symptoms associated with Paget's
disease of the breast? - ANSWERS-crusting, eczema like
reaction, fissures around the areola
associated with an invasive DUCTAL carcinoma
MOA of tamoxifen? - ANSWERS-Antagonist at breast
agonist at bone, uterus
ADE: increased risk thromboembolic events (esp with smoking)
and endometrial cancer
leiomyoma - ANSWERS-AKA FIBROIDS
benign tumor of smooth muscle commonly found in the uterus
If symptomatic: menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, dyspaurenia. can
cause pregnancy loss
What is associated with lesions of the trochlear nerve? -
ANSWERS-Lesions of the trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) result
in dysfunction of the superior oblique muscle and an inability to
depress the eye, leading to diplopia when the patient tries to look
downward.
What results from a lesion to the Amygdala?
Describe location - ANSWERS-Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
, Location: medial temporal lobe anterior to the hippocampus near
the lateral ventricle
What results due to a lesion of the hippocampus? - ANSWERS-
Anterograde amnesia
Large choroid plexus papilloma filling the 3rd ventricle will impact
which brain region? - ANSWERS-Hypothalamus
Responsible for thermoregulation and feeding behavior
Describe Amaurosis Fugax - ANSWERS-acute and painless onset
of monocular visual loss with a normal funduscopic examination in
the background of atherosclerosis.
Cause: hypoperfusion of optic nerve, retina, or both
MOA: TPA - ANSWERS-degradation of fibrin through conversion
of plasminogen to plasmin
Describe: Orthostatic Syncope - ANSWERS-s/s: stands up and
feels lightheaded. insufficiant ability to maintain CO
Dx: Positive orthostatic vital signs:
SBP drop of ≥20 mmHg, DBP ≥10 mmHg, increased HR ≥10/min
when going from supine to standing
Describe oligodendrogliomas - ANSWERS-Oligodendrogliomas
are most commonly located in the frontal lobes
Histo: rounded cells with perinuclear halos giving them a "fried
egg" appearance. They also have the presence of finely
branching capillaries, which looks like "chicken wire."
